Name - Sanika Dhanaji Gadhale Class - pre law I Name of Teacher - MS Khairnar Sir College Name - Y. C. L. C. Karad

2. NAME – Gadhale Sanika Dhanaji
CLASS – Pre Law I
ROLL NO – 5112
SUBJECT – Sociology
TOPIC NAME – 1] Define kinship , Explain various types of the kinship.
2] Types of social control .
SUBJECT TEACHER NAME – DR. M. S. Khainar
R. M. Patil

3.  Define kinship , Explain the
various types of the kinship.

4. INTRODUCTION
Kinship is one of the main organizing
principles of society . It is one of the
basic social institutions establishes
relationship between individuals and the
groups .

5.  MEANING -
A Realation between two or more persons that is based on common
ancestry [Descent] or marriage [ Affinity].
 DEFINITION -
According to the Dictionary of Anthropoly -
Kinship system includes society recognized relationship based on supposed as
well as actual genealogical ties . These relationship are result of social of
interaction and recognized by society .

6. TYPES OF KINSHIP
Affinal
Kinship
 Consanguineous
Kinship

7. Affinal Kinship
- The blood of marriage is called as the Affinal Kinship .
- When a person marries , he establishes relationship not only
with the girl whom he marries but also with a number of other
people in the girl family .
For Example -
a ] After marriage , a person becomes not only a husband
, but he also becomes Brother – in – law . [ The term
Brother- in – law is used for sala, jiju , sadhu etc. ]
b] A girl on marriage becomes Daughter – in – law , she also
becomes vahini , bhabi , mami , kaki , chachi etc .

8.  Conaguineous Kinship -
- The bond of blood is called as Consaguineous Kinship .
- The consanguineous kin are related through marriage .
- The bond between parents and their children and that
between siblings in consaguineous kinship .
- Sliblings are children on the same parents .
For Example -
Thus , Son , brother , sister , uncle , nephew and cousin are
the consanguineous kin . i . e . Related to blood .

9. CONCLUSION
Kinship establishes where a person fits in their
community . Kinship looks different across
communities and nations. It helps determines a
person’s relationship to other and universe and
their responsibilities towards other people and
country.

10.  Types of social control .

11. INTRODUCTION
Social control theories specifically attribute delinquency and
crime to social variable such as family structure , education
and peer groups . Strain and differential of association purpose
that the environment within which is person develops creates
both motivation and opportunity commit .

12.  MEANING -
-The term ‘social control’ is used by the sociologist in a broad
sense .
 Definition -
i. According to Roberts -
According to him social control works at all levels of
society , for instance , in our family we all obey our
parents , at office we abide by formal norms etc.

13.  Types of Social control -
1] Karl Mannheim classified Social Control -
a] Direct Social Control
b ] Indirect social control
2] Kimbell young classified social control -
a ] Positive social control
b ] Negative soial control
3] Formal and Informal social control

14. a] Direct social control
- It is the control that exercise upon the individuals by the reactions
of the people who are living within the proximity the types of social
control which directly regulates and controls of the behaviour of the
individuals is called ‘Direct Social Control’ .
For example - Family , Neighbourhood and play group .
b ] Indirect social control
- This types of social control , distant factors keep control over the
behaviour of the individual .
- Such type of control is exercised upon individual by the factors like
customs , laws , opinions which effect the entire social control .
For example – Secondary groups , traditions and customs etc .

15. c] Positive social control
- Rewards and incentives have an immense value upon the activities of
the individual . Everyone desires to be rewarded by the society,
cosequently they have to conform with the traditions , mores etc.
For example - Rewards , fame, respect and recognisation etc.
d ] Negative social control
- A person is prevented from doing something wrong by threat of
punishment .
- Fear of these punishments helps the people to prevent from violating
the society acepted customs, tradition , values and ideals .
For example – Verbal punishment , defamation and negative
criticism etc .

16. A ] formal social control -
- Formal social control are ways to oficially recognize and enforce norms.
- Rules and regulations formed by judiciary and law to the control of the
people’s behaviour within society .
For example – Police , bureaucracy etc .
B ] Informal social control -
- The primary groups formulate the controlling measures.
- Informal social control emerge in face- to- face social interactions.
For example - Mores ,traditions and the customs etc .

17.  CONCLUSION
Therefore, we can say that through social control , members of
groups remain united and exhibit a common behaviour pattern . In
case there is no social control , society would wither away . It for
this reason that an overwhelming majority of our society adhere to
normative pattern.