This document summarizes the design and fabrication of an advanced electromagnetic braking system. The system uses electromagnetic induction and eddy currents to brake a rotating metallic wheel. When current passes through an electromagnetic coil, it produces a magnetic flux that attracts a brake shoe and applies braking force. This braking system has advantages over conventional friction brakes like lower maintenance, less noise, and effectiveness in wet conditions. The document outlines the methodology, working principle, design process, material requirements, applications, and conclusions of the electromagnetic braking system project.
Electromagnetic braking for physically challenged peopleJustin Mathew
This is a part of our project. We are designing an easy driving system for physically challenged people. And we found that this is the faster, smatter and better braking system. This is the future of braking system in automobile.
Electromagnetic braking for physically challenged peopleJustin Mathew
This is a part of our project. We are designing an easy driving system for physically challenged people. And we found that this is the faster, smatter and better braking system. This is the future of braking system in automobile.
Conventional Braking System
Introduction OfRegenerative Braking System
Necessity Of The System
Elements Of Regenerative Braking System
Different Types Of Regenerative Braking System
Advantages And Disadvantages
Research Papers
Conclusion
Future Scope
References
Our presentation attributes complete info regarding the three types of Drive by wire system i.e. Brake by wire, Electronic throttle control and Steer by wire system. Let’s find out how these 3 system works and what are the feasibilities & loopholes of Drive by wire system?
Air Suspension System is commonly use in BMW,Mercedes,Audi types luxurious types Cars for protect from damaging, increasing life of the vehicle ,increases the handling , increases comfort of passengers and many more..
So according to me if you remove the suspension system, then you feel like in bull-cart in Audi, Mercedes, BMW type luxurious cars . The only diffrence is speed.
So the scope of Suspension System is Too Bright !!!
In the automotive industry there has been an increased emphasis on vehicle safety. Improvement in brake technology has greatly contributed to stable running of vehicles. Increased functionality has resulted in products like ABS, ESC, and brake assist. An example of the increased functionality of automotive brakes is improvement in control techniques for hydraulic brakes. Furthermore, in an effort to continue this improvement in functionality and reduction in environmental impact, automotive components manufacturers and car manufacturers are developing electromechanical brake (EMB) systems.
Many of newly developed electromechanical brake systems employ linear actuators such as ball-screws and ball-ramps (torque cams). However, when any of these linear actuators is used to develop the sufficient thrust required to brake a traveling vehicle, greater input torque is needed because the load conversion ratio with the linear actuator alone is insufficient. To design a more compact, lightweight electromechanical brake unit, the motor must be more compact. Therefore an independent reducer needs to be incorporated. Additionally, the electromechanical brake is situated in the “unsprung” section of the vehicle and will be subjected to violent vibration. Therefore it must be positively fretting-resistant.
The centerpiece of the current braking systems is a hydraulic assembly under the hood of the vehicle that brings together the electronic control unit, wheel pressure modulators, pressure reservoir, and electric pump. The interaction of mechanics and electronics is key to the success of the braking system. The microcomputer, software, sensors, valves, and electric pump work together to form the basis of the system.
Traction control basically reduces the slip of the tires on icy surfaces when the car begins to accelerate and prevents wheels to spin. It uses a part of anti-lock braking system (ABS). There are certain indications which warn you to activate and deactivate traction control. While on snow, you should follow some warning signs and drive accordingly.
Conventional Braking System
Introduction OfRegenerative Braking System
Necessity Of The System
Elements Of Regenerative Braking System
Different Types Of Regenerative Braking System
Advantages And Disadvantages
Research Papers
Conclusion
Future Scope
References
Our presentation attributes complete info regarding the three types of Drive by wire system i.e. Brake by wire, Electronic throttle control and Steer by wire system. Let’s find out how these 3 system works and what are the feasibilities & loopholes of Drive by wire system?
Air Suspension System is commonly use in BMW,Mercedes,Audi types luxurious types Cars for protect from damaging, increasing life of the vehicle ,increases the handling , increases comfort of passengers and many more..
So according to me if you remove the suspension system, then you feel like in bull-cart in Audi, Mercedes, BMW type luxurious cars . The only diffrence is speed.
So the scope of Suspension System is Too Bright !!!
In the automotive industry there has been an increased emphasis on vehicle safety. Improvement in brake technology has greatly contributed to stable running of vehicles. Increased functionality has resulted in products like ABS, ESC, and brake assist. An example of the increased functionality of automotive brakes is improvement in control techniques for hydraulic brakes. Furthermore, in an effort to continue this improvement in functionality and reduction in environmental impact, automotive components manufacturers and car manufacturers are developing electromechanical brake (EMB) systems.
Many of newly developed electromechanical brake systems employ linear actuators such as ball-screws and ball-ramps (torque cams). However, when any of these linear actuators is used to develop the sufficient thrust required to brake a traveling vehicle, greater input torque is needed because the load conversion ratio with the linear actuator alone is insufficient. To design a more compact, lightweight electromechanical brake unit, the motor must be more compact. Therefore an independent reducer needs to be incorporated. Additionally, the electromechanical brake is situated in the “unsprung” section of the vehicle and will be subjected to violent vibration. Therefore it must be positively fretting-resistant.
The centerpiece of the current braking systems is a hydraulic assembly under the hood of the vehicle that brings together the electronic control unit, wheel pressure modulators, pressure reservoir, and electric pump. The interaction of mechanics and electronics is key to the success of the braking system. The microcomputer, software, sensors, valves, and electric pump work together to form the basis of the system.
Traction control basically reduces the slip of the tires on icy surfaces when the car begins to accelerate and prevents wheels to spin. It uses a part of anti-lock braking system (ABS). There are certain indications which warn you to activate and deactivate traction control. While on snow, you should follow some warning signs and drive accordingly.
“Test rig on Eddy current braking system” is a very great innovation on its own and is specially made for the purpose
to stop the wheel in minimum time. Brakes are the crucial components in any mobile system which are generally used to stop
the motion of any mobile. Such type of component must be checked by using the highly accurate methodology in order to
access its functional performance in advance. The inspection methodology of brakes should be accurate with less time
consuming procedure for its inspection. This test rig will check the brake in the least time which leads to a reduction of nonproductive
time and improves brake efficiency.
This project aims to create a electromagnetic braking system model capable of applying brakes without any friction loss and without losing the energy
Supplied. It uses a two electromagnets which runs by the supply of power from the circuit. Also, there is a wheel which is attached to the motor so when the power the supplied, by the help of motor the wheel rotates. Then a fan is attached near electromagnets to cool the electromagnets from excessive heating.
Fabrication of Prototype Model of Infrared Sensor Based Regenerative Braking...IJMER
The objective of this paper is to stored the kinetic energy dissipated in the brakes to accelerate
the vehicle. This project is based on prototype model of Regenerative braking system using electromagnetic
clutch. Regenerative braking results in an increase in energy output for a given energy input to a vehicle,
the efficiency is improved. The amount of work done by the engine of the vehicle is reduced, in turn
reducing the amount of prime energy required to propel the vehicle. In order for a regenerative braking
system to be cost effective the prime energy saved over a specified lifetime must offset the initial cost, size
and weight penalties of the system. The energy storage unit must be compact, durable and capable of
handling high power levels efficiently. The energy can be directly provided to dynamo itself to generate
current and will be displayed on the Ammeter installed in the set up. This set up also consists of an Infrared
Sensor which helps to prevent the frequency of accidents increasing due to inefficient braking system and
therefore can be considerably avoided using IR sensors. The vehicle instantly stops as any object appears
in front of it where IR Sensors are installed.
Similar to Ppt on project_ELECTOMAGNETIC_BRAKING_SYSTEM (20)
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
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Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
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Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
1. SHRI RAMSWAROOP MEMORIAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT,LUCKNOW
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETIC
BRAKING SYSTEM
PROJECT GUIDE : GROUP MEMBERS :
Mr. K. K. YADAV AMARJEET YADAV (1312240034)
ASST. PROF. ANUPAM SINGH (1312240055)
ME-DEPARTMENT ANURAG YADAV (1312240056)
GROUP NO.- 15
2. INTRODUCTION
This projects intends to the design and implementation of new
system of retardation (braking) for automobiles
The design of the new brakes is based upon the phenomenon of
electromagnetic induction and eddy currents
The design basically consists of very strong magnet and rotating
metallic wheel
The wheel develops eddy currents due to the change in magnetic
flux associated to the wheel due to its rotation
The eddy current development obeys Maxwell’s law of
electromagnetic induction and Lenz’s law of direction of induced
current
The current in turn dissipates the rotational energy of the wheel
as heat bringing the wheel to a stop
10/23/16
3. UTILITY OF THE PROJECT
In this project we are trying to make a braking system. which can be
applicable in two wheeler at high speed and low maintenance cost,
replacing the conventional braking system. Here we are using an
electromagnetic coil and a plunger. There is an electromagnetic
effect which moves the plunger in the braking direction.
It has been proven that electromagnetic brakes create a
negative flow of energy twice as the power of any combustion
engine and at least three times stronger than regular friction brake
systems. While innovations in technology lead to a broader use of
electromagnetic brakes now-a-days.
10/23/16
4. LITERATURE REVIEW
*Project based on this research
10/23/16
TITLE CONCLUSION
*01. Innovative Electro Magnetic Braking System by Sevvel P and S
Mukesh published in International Journal of Innovative Research in
Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET),Volume-3 in April
2014, Second National Conference on Trends in Automotive Parts
Systems and Applications (TAPSA-2014) at Sri Krishna College of
Engineering & Technology, Kuniamuthur, Coimbatore,Tamilnadu,
India
Mr. Sevvel P and S Mukesh Et al find that the electromagnetic brakes
can be used as an auxiliary braking system along with the friction
braking system to avoid overheating and brake failure. ABS usage can
be neglected by simply using a micro controlled electromagnetic disk
brake system . When these brakes are combined with mechanical
brakes, it increases the life of brake and act like fully loaded brakes.
These electromagnetic brakes can be used in wet conditions which
eliminate the anti-skidding equipment. Hence, the braking force
produced in this is less than the disc brakes if can be used as a
secondary or emergency braking system in the automobiles.
02. Enhancement of Braking System in Automobile Using
Electromagnetic Braking by Akshya S.Puttewar and Nagnath U.
published in IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-
JMCE) ,in 2009, conference held at
Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar College of Engineering & Research,
Wanadongri,Nagpur
Mr. Akshya S.Puttewar and Nagnath U. Et al analyse that
Electromagnetic braking system is found to be more reliable as
compared to other braking systems. In oil braking system or air braking
system even a small leakage may lead to complete failure of brakes.
While in electromagnetic braking system as four disc plates, coils and
firing circuits are attached individually on each wheel, even any coil
fails the brake does not completely fails remaining three coil works
properly. This enhanced braking system not only helps in effective
braking but also helps in avoiding the accidents and reducing the
frequency of accidents to a minimum.
5. NEED FOR ALTERNATIVE
All conventional systems of braking in road vehicles uses
development of contact friction for retardation
These systems are probe to the wear and tear on usage
Conventional braking systems produces continuous power
dissipation as heat and may fail if the temperature rises too high
Friction based braking methods are also not efficient under wet
conditions
Weight brakes add additional weight to the automobile serving no
other purpose and significantly reducing traction under certain
circumstances
Brakes usually creates small noise on application and may also
create loud screeches on hard usage
10/23/16
6. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Electromagnetic brakes work in a relatively cool condition and satisfy all
the energy requirements of braking at high speeds. It is generally based on
electromagnetic induction principle.
According to this principle when current passes through any electromagnetic coil, it
produces a magneto motive force and the coil works as a permanent magnet.
This magneto motive force is proportional to the current flowing in electromagnetic
coil.
7. METHODOLOGY
10/23/16
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION OF
CONVANTIONAL BRAKES
FIND THE PARAMETER
OF DESIGN
ANALYSIS OF THE
DESIGN
PREPARE IDEA
GENERATION
SELECT ELECTROMAGNETIC BRAKES TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEMS
ANALYSIS OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC BRAKING
SYSTEM
DESIGN USING CATIA
FABRICATION OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC BRAKE
FIND AND ANALYSE THE RESEARCH PAPER
8. ASSUMPTIONS
10/23/16
1. Intensity of magnet used is assumed to be constant at specified
current
2. Effect of heat on brake effectiveness is assumed to be neglected
3. There is no decrease in braking force with slight decrease in
speed of vehicle
4. Eddy-current brakes can only used to modified system.
9. WORKING
When the electromagnet is not energized, the rotation of the disc is free and
accelerates uniformly under the action of the weight to which its shaft is connected.
When the electromagnet is energized, the rotation of the disc is retarded and the
energy absorbed appears as heating of the disc.
In this type of electromagnetic braking system, electromagnet is fixed in
the back plate in this way the unequal braking effect at one shoe are balanced, even if
the lining on one shoe is worn more than other the plunger will move to one side so
that shoe still share equal acting force.
In this braking system, any one shoe out of two will remove & instead
of it we will use the electromagnetic coil. As the current passes through this
electromagnetic coil, it will produce the magnetic flux, this flux will attract the shoe
with much force, and brake will apply.
10. FIGURES RELATED TO EM
BRAKING SYSTEM
10/23/16
4.Final assembly
1.Fabrication Of Frame 2.Addition of solenoid
coil & chain drive to
frame
3.Addition of control circuit box
12. PROS
High impact
Low maintenance requirement
Less noise
Simple in design
High degree of safety
CONS
Usage of electric power for braking
Less effective under very low velocities
10/23/16
13. APPLICATIONS
Already in use under some railway system
Can be used for any road vehicles
Equally applicable to heavy and light vehicles
Can be used as additional retarder for aircrafts
10/23/16
14. MATERIAL REQUIREMENT AND COST ESTIMATION
Sr. No. Components Nos. *Cost ( Rs.)
1 Limit Switches 2 100
2 DC Motor (12 V) 1 350
3 Electromagnetic Solenoid 1 1750
4 Battery (12 V, 7.5 Ah) 1 600
5 Control Relay 1 250
6 Firing Circuit 1 400
7 Micro Controller 1 350
8 Disc Plate 1 600
9 Aluminium Wheel and Mild-
steel Shaft
1-1 175
10 Free Wheel 2 100
11 Frame and Machining 1 1500
********** Total Cost 14 6175
**Approximate Costs of Components
15. PLAN OF ACTION
10/23/16
Sr. No. Action Scheduled Dates Semester
1 Literature survey Till 15 Sep.,2016 VII
2 Requirement of parts and its
availability
Till 30 Sep.,2016 VII
3 Collection and the study of
required parts
Till 15 Oct.,2016 VII
4 Design of an EM braking system Till 15 Nov.,2016 VII
5 Plan of fabrication according to
design and specification
Till 30 Jan.,2017 VIII
6 Procurement of materials and
components from market
Till 15 Feb., 2017 VIII
7 Assemble all parts of project
together
Till 15 March,2017 VIII
8 Experimentation of the project Till 30 March,2017 VIII
16. CONCLUSIONS
During the making of this project presentation “Fabrication of
Electromagnetic brake”, we got a lot of information and knowledge about
this brake, its construction, working and principle and how the brake action
takes place.
We are sure that while doing this project we will came across various
manufacturing process which we learn in books and their actual meaning.
Techniques of this braking system save the effort of the human
being at the maximum level which provide the comfort to the rider of the
vehicle.
As this brake is require external power source of battery and it require to
charge every time, to overcome this problem one can use dynamo for the
charging of the power source is generated itself by the vehicle.
10/23/16
17. REFERENCES
10/23/16
01. Innovative Electro Magnetic Braking System by Sevvel P and S Mukesh
published in International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering
and Technology (IJIRSET),Volume-3 in April 2014, Second National Conference on
Trends in Automotive Parts Systems and Applications (TAPSA-2014) at Sri Krishna
College of Engineering & Technology, Kuniamuthur, Coimbatore,Tamilnadu, India
02. Enhancement of Braking System in Automobile Using Electromagnetic
Braking by Akshya S.Puttewar and Nagnath U. published in IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) ,in 2009, conference held at
Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar College of Engineering & Research, Wanadongri,Nagpur
03. Yunda HU “The Research on Test-Bed Test System of Automobile Eddy
Current Retarder” 2012
18. Thanks to our faculty and project-guide for
their precious suggestions!!
THANK YOU…!