Air pollution is the introduction of harmful substances into the atmosphere, potentially causing health issues and environmental damage. It has both natural and human-made sources, including dust, methane from animal digestion, radon gas from radioactive decay in the Earth's crust, and emissions from industrial activities and vehicle exhaust. Indoor air pollution can also be significant from activities like smoking, burning fuels for heat, and volatile chemicals in building materials and household products. The effects of air pollution include respiratory illnesses, cancers, acid rain, and contamination that harms both humans and other living things. Reducing pollution requires efforts from industries, improved transportation options, and changes in individual behaviors.