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2. Qualities of a farm worker
Participating in workplace communication
Working in a team environment
Practicing career professionalism and occupational health
and safety procedures
Applying safety measures in farm operations
Using farm tools and equipment
Performing estimation and calculations
Processing farm wastes; and
Performing record keeping

4. Agriculture operations primarily include:
 Forestry –include everything in the operations of tree farms, forest
nurseries, and activities such as reforestation and gathering of forest
products.
 Crop production – include all establishments such as farms, orchards,
greenhouses, and nurseries in the production of crops, plants, vines,
and trees as well as production of mushrooms, flowers, vegetables
seeds, and hydroponics.
 Livestock farming – include everything in keeping, grazing, and
feeding of livestock animals.
 Aquaculture cultivation – include everything engaged in fish
production including shellfish in a controlled space.

7. Agriculture remains to be a source of employment for many
Filipinos despite accounting for only around 10% of the GDP
(Food and Fertilizer Technology for the Asian and Pacific
Region, 2018). Furthermore, it suggested that there is a low
labor productivity in agriculture due to the limited
diversification of traditional crops such as rice, corn, and
coconut – lagging behind in total productivity, compared to
other ASEAN countries.

8. The Philippine Statistics Authority (2021) has identified that
the agricultural production in the country has decreased in
the fourth quarter of 2020. These include production declines
for crops, livestock, poultry, and fisheries. Most of the
agricultural outputs consist of crops, which account for 57.9%
of the outputs had a -0.4% decrease, with livestock at -12.9%,
poultry at -5.5%, and fisheries at 14.5%.

9. Natural disasters and climate change also pose a great
challenge which threaten agricultural yield by a large,
unprecedented impact. In the World Risk Report (2019),
the Philippines ranked 9th out of 180 countries –
indicating the country’s high risk of disaster, natural and
man-made, as well as the country’s ability to adapt,
respond, and prepare in such conditions.

10. A person who has achieved the Agricultural Crops Production NC II
Qualification can become either of the following:
 Farmer/Grower - operates establishments which produce crops,
livestock, and other agricultural outputs.
 Farm worker - hired worker in the farm employed for specific on-farm
jobs (e.g. fruit picking)
 Nursery operator - farm worker primarily assigned in nursery farm
operations
 Farm aide - assists farm workers in various agricultural activities
 Farm caretaker - maintains farm property and guards equipment,
crops, and other farm essentials

11. Phases of Agricultural Crops Production
Land preparation covers everything from clearing operations to tillage operations
such as plowing, harrowing, leveling, furrowing, and other tilling procedures for
the crop to be planted.
It will also include conducting field layout depending on the recommended
planting system and the crops that will be planted.
Digging holes is also an essential element in preparing the land before the actual
seeding and transplanting input.

12.  Seeding and planting covers direct seeding and transplanting seedlings
according to recommended rate, distance, and depth.
 Everything that you need to learn from Occupational Safety and Health
standards and Good Agricultural Practices in proper handling of
seedlings as well as the seeding and planting proper will be tackled as
we progress through the modules.
 Rebagging and replanting will also be discussed as needed in plant
protocols

13.  Nursery operations include everything in performing nursery operations
such as establishing the nursery shed, preparation of planting materials
and growing media, as well as handling nursery tools and equipment.
 These also include maintenance of the nursery facilities and necessary
repair and safety measures to be observed inside the nursery.
 One of the essential skills to be learned in nursery operations would be
the preparation of germinated seedlings or asexually produced planting
materials and transplanting them.

14.  Care and maintenance of crops cover everything from applying pest
control measures, applying fertilizers, and watering crops.
 The appropriate tools and materials needed in controlling pests and
fertilizer application methods are covered while observing Good
Agriculture Practices and Occupational Health and Safety procedures.
 Physical growth-enhancing practices such as pruning, cultivation practices,
rejuvenating activities, growth training techniques, and mulching are also
covered under care and maintenance.

15.  Harvest operations include pre-harvest and harvest
operations. Under pre-harvest operations, it will cover
determining crop maturity and pre-harvest activities such as
crop history and preparing records and harvesting tools.
Harvesting operations will cover both manual and mechanical
methods for vegetables, fruit crops, and field crops.

16.  Postharvest operations include various postharvest treatments
such as hot water, vapor heat, chemical, and precooling
treatment.
 Postharvest operations for vegetables and field crops are also
different and covered. It will include cleaning, sorting, grading,
grading, drying, packaging, and different storage practices
depending on the type of crop. It also includes monitoring
and assessing damages in crops.