This document discusses reproduction, which is the fundamental characteristic of living things to produce new individuals of the same species from existing individuals. It describes different types of binary fission in single-celled organisms like amoeba and prokaryotes where the parent cell divides along any axis to form two daughter cells through simple, transverse, or longitudinal binary fission.

4. All living organisms produce new individuals of the same species,
that is, a new generation of the species from an existing individual.
This fundamental characteristics of living things is known as
reproduction.

6. n
n
2n
return

7. Amoeba

8. Most prokaryotes
Some protozoa
Some organelles within eukaryotic cells
Any axis Simple binary fission

9. Transverse axis Transverse binaryfission

10. Longitudinal axis Longitudinal binary
fission