The document discusses water pollution and its causes. Water pollution is defined as any undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of water. The main causes of water pollution identified are domestic sewage containing pathogens, waste water from industries like petroleum and chemicals, and algal blooms caused by excess nutrients. The document recommends giving awareness about water pollution, controlling the disposal of domestic sewage and industrial waste into water bodies, and protecting water from algal blooms.