This document is a report on poverty and homelessness in India. It discusses the relationship between poverty and homelessness, noting that those in poverty often cannot afford housing, healthcare, education, and other necessities. It examines factors that contribute to poverty such as lack of employment opportunities, declining wages, lack of affordable housing, and more. The report also provides statistics on India's total population compared to its homeless population from Census data in 2001 and 2011. It outlines several government programs aimed at poverty alleviation. The conclusion emphasizes that poverty is a major barrier to basic amenities in developing countries and that adequate housing is important for keeping families together.

1. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal 1
A Report on
“Poverty & Homelessness”
Submitted By: Submitted To:
2016Murp020 Assis. Professor
Bhagvan Singh Mukhraiya Palouse N. Kuriakose

2. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal 2
Table of Contents
1. Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 3
2. Relation between Poverty and Homelessness.............................................................................. 4
2.1 Barriers to Education...........................................................................................................5
2.2 Homeless or At Risk For Homelessness................................................................................ 5
2.3 Inadequate or No Health Care .............................................................................................. 5
2.4 Low Income or No Income ..................................................................................................5
3.Poverty and Migration................................................................................................................ 6
4. Problem Faced By the Homeless People ..................................................................................... 6
5. Cultural Reason of Poverty and Homelessness in India................................................................ 6
6. Comparative Study of Total Population of India And Homeless Population of India...................... 7
7. Poverty Alleviation Programs (PAPs)......................................................................................... 8
8. The Scheme Of Shelter For Urban Homeless By The Government Of India..................................8
9. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 9
References ................................................................................................................................. 10

3. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal 3
1. Introduction
According to Census, houseless households are those which do not live in buildings but stay in
open or roadside, railway platforms, under flyovers, etc. Homelessness is the condition and
social category of people who lack housing, because they cannot afford, or are otherwise unable
to maintain, a regular, safe, and adequate shelter. A homeless person is defined into three
categories. In general, it is said about an individual who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate
night-time residence; and an individual who has a primary night time residence. homelessness
and poverty are in detail associated. bad people are typically incapable to pay for housing,
fitness care, childcare, training and meals. hard alternatives have to be made when restrained
resources cover only a few of those requirements. regularly the housing that absorbs huge
percentage of income that need to be dropped. If a bad man or woman who have essentially a
contamination, a fortune away from dwelling at the roads. In India, city poverty is “so real”
with plenty of homeless humans squandering at almost every nook of its cities. They commonly
occupy any vacant area i.e., temple-mandaps, structures, pavements, and roadsides as
temporary homestead at the same time as, attributed their circumstance to excessive poverty,
unavailability of low fee housing, unstable employment, and violence instituted at home. road
children, beggars, intercourse people, and daily salary earners inclusive of construction people,
rickshaw pullers, and street vendors basically are the various homeless in India.
Homelessness has been regarded as a serious and developing city social problem, scientifically
desirable methods for estimating the composition and length of the homeless populace were
lacking. Employment opportunities for huge segments of the team of workers and the declining
value and availability of public assistance are purpose that accountable for the increasing within
the Homelessness.
Low-wage workers had been especially tough hit by wage tendencies. factors contributing to
wage declines encompass a steep drop inside the quantity and bargaining power of unionized
workers, erosion inside the value of the minimal wage, a decline in manufacturing jobs and the
corresponding expansion of lower-paying carrier-quarter employment. similarly, globalization
has performed a crucial position. Many manufacturing groups have moved their manufacturing
sites to Mexico due to inexpensive labour.
A rising shortage of less expensive housing and a simultaneous increase in poverty are the 2
reasons who in large part accountable for the upward push in homelessness over the last many
years.
two elements account for growing poverty: eroding employment opportunities for massive
sections of the labour force, and the diminishing value and availability of public guide.
Lack of Affordable Health Care: For families and individuals struggling for a serious
illness or disability can start a downward spiral into homelessness, beginning with a lost job,
depletion of savings to pay for care, and eventual eviction.

4. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal 4
Domestic Violence: Abused females who live in poverty are quite often enforced to choose
amongst abusive relationships and homelessness. Approximately 63% of homeless females
facing domestic violence in their grownup lives (network to finish home Violence).
Mental sickness: homeless populace suffers from some form of extreme and protracted
intellectual illness). Regardless of the disproportionate quantity of severely mentally unwell
individuals among the many homeless population, increases in homelessness aren't as a result
of the release of severely mentally in poor health men and women from associations. Many
mentally unwell homeless folks are unable to acquire entry to supportive housing and/or
different medication services.
Dependancy disorders: dependancy and homelessness have a complicated and controversial
dating. At the same time fees of alcohol and drug abuse are excessively high most of the
homeless persons, the expand in homelessness over the last many years can't be defined through
dependancy by myself. Many people who find themselves addicted to alcohol and drugs by no
means grow to be homeless, nonetheless individuals who are dangerous and addicted are
certainly at accelerated risk of homelessness. Addiction does growth the chance of
displacement for the precariously housed; within the absence of suitable healing, it is going to
doom one's probabilities of getting housing once on the streets. Homeless individuals
customarily face insurmountable barriers to acquiring wellness care, alongside addictive
ailment treatment services and therapy helps.
2. Relation between Poverty and Homelessness
Poverty &
Homelessness
Low
Income Or
No Income
Inadequate
Or No
Health Care
Homeless
Or At Risk
For
Homelessne
ss
Barriers To
Education

5. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal 5
2.1 Barriers to Education
1. Can’t follow for tuition or access bigger schooling as a result of lack of I.D. Or
seeing that their I.D. Doesn’t match the identify or gender.
2. Drop out because of harassment, violence and/or discrimination at school
2.2 Homeless or At Risk for Homelessness
1. Everlasting housing unapproachable due to housing discernment in far flung
housing market; low-revenue housing choices are by and large gender-segregated,
and trans people are rejected for placement
2. Kicked out of residence seeing that of abuse from mom and dad and foster parents;
trans adolescence aren't allowed to specific their gender identification in gender-
segregated staff houses
1. Transitority housing inaccessible usually rejected from gender-segregated shelters
or experience harassment and abuse at shelters
2.3 Inadequate or No Health Care
1. Bias, discrimination and ignorance in medicine: inappropriate and harmful treatment,
including institutionalization and damaging, incompetent medical procedures
2. Trans-specific physical and mental health care needs are often not provided or covered
even if insured; shortage of knowledgeable health care professionals who can provide
trans-specific care
3. No access to health care: trans people are often denied all treatment or are afraid to seek
care due to past mistreatment
4. Persistent and severe medical problems: transphobic violence leads to increased mental
health and medical problems.
2.4 Low Income or No Income
1. Discrimination in hiring and place of job because few legal guidelines restrict
employment discrimination based totally on gender identity; it’s tough to find trans-
conscious legal help
2. Unequal get admission to to blessings due to the fact benefit packages require I.D.
which can also show an incorrect call or gender; if reduce off from welfare illegally,
it’s hard to find trans-conscious legal assistance
3. Can’t apply for jobs or get right of entry to correct employment because of loss of I.D.
or due to the fact their I.D. doesn’t match the call or gender they live as

6. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal 6
3.Poverty and Migration
Most homeless persons reside by means of unprotected, unsure and rough labour over a variety
of occupations alike day-to-day wage work, construction labour, pulling rickshaws, carrying
and pushing hundreds, homework and street merchandising. A mere number also make as
reputable blood donors and industrial intercourse staff. A tremendous number of kids and
single ladies were detected as heading homeless households, even as the aged and old age and
disabled individuals lived in most cases by using begging and Work shouldn't be certain on an
average foundation.
4. Problem Faced by the Homeless People
The city homeless have mild and nerve-racking access to the maximum simple network
facilities – every visit to the bathroom, every bathtub essential be paid for in cash and instantly.
The figure of displaced by using such facilities is consequently low depart-taking them
defenceless to sickness. ingesting water although now not moveable and unpredictable to
source continues to be freely available at roadside taps.
The food portions can also sometimes, though no longer constantly, be enough, the first-class
tends to be as a substitute monotonous, very basic and of bad nutritional value and unhygienic.
besides those with households on the streets, they rarely get home cooked food. however, a big
portion of their earnings is spent on meals various from 50-ninety%.
The future of job boom does now not appear promising for plenty people: a 1998 have a look
at predicted that 46% of the roles with the maximum growth among 1994 and 2005 pay much
less than 16,000 a 12 month; those jobs will no longer elevate families out of poverty (country
wide Priorities task, 1998).furthermore, seventy four% of those jobs pay under a habitable
wage (32,185 for a family of 4).
hence, for many Indian, paintings affords no get away from poverty. The benefits of economic
boom have now not been similarly dispensed; rather, they have been focused on the top of
profits and wealth distributions. A growing tide does not elevate all boats, and inside the usa
nowadays, many boats are suffering to live afloat
Poverty Affected By Two Factors
1.Growth in average income
2. Distribution
5. Cultural Reason of Poverty and Homelessness in India
Caste System in religion (Hindu, Muslim, Sikh) prevent people from ownership of land,
educational rights, and the employment rights. People belong to lower class have not equal
opportunities as upper class (privileged class). there is unequal distribution of resources effects
the basic amenities.
High population growth rate is also a symptom rather than cause of poverty. Heavy pressure
of population. Lack of proper Industrialisations and Indian Economic policies also responsible.

7. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal 7
6. Comparative Study of Total Population of India And Homeless
Population of India
Population of India (As Per to the Census of India 2001& 2011)
Table 1. 2001
India 1,02,86,10,328
Rural 74,23,02,537
Urban 28,63,07,791
Table 2. 2011
India 1,21,05,69,573
Rural 83,34,63,448
Urban 37,71,06,125
Homeless Population of India (As Per the Census of India 2001& 2011)
Table 3. 2001
India 19,43,476
Rural 11,64,877
Urban 7,78,599
Table 4. 2011
India 17,72,889
Rural 8,34,541
Urban 9,38,348

8. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal 8
7. Poverty Alleviation Programs (PAPs)
8. The Scheme of Shelter For Urban Homeless By The Government
Of India
The National Urban Housing & Habitat Policy (NUHHP), 2007 aims at promoting sustainable
development of habitat in the country
The objectives of the Shelter for Urban Homeless (SUH) component of NULM scheme
are to:
1. Ensure accessibility of the urban homeless population to permanent shelters including
the basic infrastructure amenities like water, sanitation, safety and security;
2. Provide to the needs of especially weak sections of the urban homeless like the
dependent children, old age people, disabled, mentally ill and recovering gravely ill, by
creating special sections within homeless shelters and provisioning special service
linkages for them. (Anon., 2013)
the Indira Awas Yojana and Rajiv Awas Yojana are pan-Indian valuable government schemes
initiated in 1985 and 2011, respectively, to make sure housing for the homeless rural and urban
poor, the Bhoo Odethana Yojane is a Karnataka state scheme added in 1992
India’s prime Minister Narendra Modi has set a goal for the kingdom – every Indian should
have a house by 2022. He entreated this to be a motion all through his speech in the Lok Sabha
following the President’s cope with whilst the newly constituted house met for the first time.
this means that India needs 449,761 homes for homeless households
1. IRDP – Integrated Rural Development Program
2. NREP – National Rural Employment Program
3. TRYSEM – Training Rural Youth for Self-Employment
4. AAY – Antyodaya Anna Yojana
5. RLEGP – Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Program
6. JRY – Jawahar Rozgar Yojna
7. SFDA – Small Farmers Development Agency
8. FFWP – Food for Work Program
9. DDP – Desert Development Program
10.DPAP – Drought Prone area Program
11.Scheme for Providing Self-Employment to Educated Unemployed
12.Employment Assurance Scheme
13.JGSY – Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana
14.SGSY– Swarnajayanthi Gram Swarozgar Yojna
15.PMRY – Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)

9. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal 9
9. Conclusion
The biggest barrier in the developing world is “Poverty”. Due to Poverty, Hunger, lack of
shelter (Homelessness), Poor medical assistance, Lack of representation and freedom, and
Basic amities. 1/5 population of world is living on less than 1$ and in these 44% are living in
the South Asia. In India 26% Peoples of India are living below the poverty line. Because of
Poverty and Homelessness People who are facing issues such as food and poor health care due
to low income is associated with maximum probability of new born child dying between birth
and within one year. Current situation of homeless households presents a vastly numerous
scenario of the face of homelessness. Underneath these instances homeless families could
finally lose their capability to operate as loved ones. Consequently, adequate and comfortable
housing is major in retaining families together; it's the anchor that underlies the very concept
of household. Despite the fact that the challenge of homeless households remains huge,
ingenious systems to delivering permanent housing for families had been found out in each the
industrialized and the constructing world. The pleasant of these tasks tap into the strengths and
active participation of the families.

10. A Reporton PovertyandHomelessness
School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal
1
0
References
K.l Dutta, 2014. Poverty and Development Planning in India.
Anon.,2009. Why ArePeople Homeless
Anon.,2013. Schemeof Sheltersfor Urban Homeless, s.l.:Governmentof IndiaMinistryof Housing&
Urban PovertyAlleviation.
Anon.,n.d. POVERTYANDHOMELESSNESSIN AUSTRALIA.
Hagen,J. L., 1987. Genderand Homelessness. Oxford Journals, pp.312-316.
McEachron, G., n.d.Poverty,UnemploymmentandHomelessness
Rossi,P.H., Wright,J. D. & Fisheran,G., 1987. The Urban Homeless: