Poverty - BAF 2
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Poverty is a lack of basic human necessities like food, water, shelter, education, and healthcare. Over 4 billion people live in developing countries, where three-fifths lack sanitation, one third lack clean water, a quarter lack adequate housing, and a fifth lack access to healthcare. Poverty violates human rights to an adequate standard of living including necessities. It is both a social and economic issue defined by an inability to meet basic needs.
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The document discusses zero hunger and its causes and effects. It defines hunger as a feeling of discomfort or weakness from lack of food. Prolonged starvation can cause permanent organ damage and death. Around 842 million people, or 12.5% of the world population, suffer from undernourishment. To stop hunger, people should stop wasting food and donate excess food to those in need. Individuals can play a part by not wasting food and giving food to hungry families when possible.
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The document discusses criticisms of Malthusian theory, which predicted population would grow geometrically while food production grew arithmetically, leading to famine. Key criticisms include: 1) the mathematical forms were empirically wrong; 2) Malthus failed to foresee new agricultural areas; and 3) he applied a static law without considering technological and scientific advances that increased food production. Overall, empirical evidence shows Malthus was incorrect, as population growth has not outpaced food supply in developed countries.
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The document discusses rural and urban poverty in Bangladesh. It notes that while Bangladesh has reduced the number of people living in poverty from 63 million to 46 million between 2000 and 2010, rural poverty remains a significant issue with an estimated 35% of the rural population living below the poverty line. Causes of rural poverty include flooding which damages crops and homes, forcing many into debt, as well as a fast growing population putting pressure on resources. Urban poverty is also an issue, with limited jobs and poor housing and sanitation contributing to the 21% of the urban population living in poverty. The cycle of poverty is difficult to escape as the poor often cannot afford safer housing and so continue suffering flood damage. Poverty impacts education, employment,
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Social inequality in bangladesh
Social inequality exists in Bangladesh and is evident across several dimensions including education, employment, health, and income. Inequalities exist between gender, rural/urban areas, and socioeconomic classes. Literacy and education completion rates are higher for males compared to females. Employment rates are also higher for males, while unemployment rates are higher for females. Health indicators like child mortality and skilled birth attendance are worse for females. Poverty rates remain higher in rural areas compared to urban areas. Occupational inequalities also exist across class and caste divisions in Bangladeshi society. The document analyzes trends in these various forms of social inequality in Bangladesh over time.
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The document discusses how technology can help eradicate poverty through initiatives like boosting agricultural productivity, providing clean energy and water. It outlines the UN's Millennium Development Goals and how scientific advances in areas like electronics and nanotechnology could enable technologies to alleviate poverty through access to energy, improved farming, and clean water. Additionally, information and communication technologies like telecenters and mobile phones can help bring important information to poor communities and empower them through access to education, healthcare resources, and participation in local decision making. The document advocates for combining different media like radio, television, print, and the internet to maximize outreach of anti-poverty information to rural populations.
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Social inequality in bangladesh
Social inequality exists in Bangladesh and is evident across several dimensions including education, employment, health, and income. Inequalities exist between gender, rural/urban areas, and socioeconomic classes. Literacy and education completion rates are higher for males compared to females. Employment rates are also higher for males, while unemployment rates are higher for females. Health indicators like child mortality and skilled birth attendance are worse for females. Poverty rates remain higher in rural areas compared to urban areas. Occupational inequalities also exist across class and caste divisions in Bangladeshi society. The document analyzes trends in these various forms of social inequality in Bangladesh over time.
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This ppt talks about the poverty and inequality measures as mentioned in Alkire and Santos Chapter 6.
It talks about the various measures of poverty and the limitations of using income measurement as a criteria of poverty.
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Poverty is defined as lacking basic needs like food, water, shelter, and clothing. It is caused by a lack of money, natural disasters, lack of opportunities, overpopulation, and issues like drugs and alcohol. The major causes of extreme poverty are hunger, lack of access to healthcare, limited education, and insufficient clean water. Billions of people worldwide live in poverty, with millions dying each year due to lack of food, nutrition, and preventable health issues.
Unemployment
This document discusses unemployment in India. It defines unemployment and outlines the main types: demand deficient, frictional, structural, and voluntary. It then examines the causes of unemployment in India including large population, lack of skills, and slow private investment. The impacts are also explored such as increased poverty and crime. The government has implemented initiatives to address unemployment like rural development programs, self-employment training schemes, and employment guarantee programs. Solutions involve improving education, expanding employment services, and promoting full employment.
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The document discusses poverty globally and in specific regions and countries. It begins by defining poverty and providing statistics on its global prevalence. It then examines poverty levels and causes in developing countries, Haiti, Africa, and the United States. Several charitable organizations that provide aid to reduce poverty are also mentioned. Theories like conflict theory and structural functionalism are used to explain causes and functions of poverty in societies.
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together. Urbanization is regarded as one of the key dimensions of the process of socio-economic development.
It is a multifaceted process. It is a necessary condition for economic development, because economies of scale
and of agglomeration in the urban areas make possible economic development through industrialization. India
is at accelerating stage of the process of urbanization. In the current paper West Bengal, an Indian state, which
was one of the most urbanized states of India before independence, has been taken as unit of the study. Still the
state of West Bengal is one of leading urban state of India with 28.03% of the total population residing in
various urban areas. The state West Bengal has a particular pattern of urbanization that is the overwhelming
role of the primate city. It may be said that this contrasting pattern of urbanization has a great deal to do with
the differing land tenure systems, the colonial economic policies pursued by the British, and the course followed
in terms of economic development in these two types of areas during the post-independence period. Keeping in
view all the background history of urbanization of the state of West Bengal, The major objective of this paper
will be to assess the present trends and patterns of urbanization in West Bengal and also to examine the
relationship with the urbanization and human development index, which is an indicator of socio-economic
development. For the purpose of this study the secondary data source has been used i.e. Census of India, 2001,
Town directory of West Bengal.
This paper finds that there is sluggish urban growth rate is observed in comparison to other advanced states of
India during the post-independence period and the huge concentration of urban growth in and around Kolkata
districts. This paper also finds the fact that, at the district level there is a positive relationship between the level
of urbanization and the HDI.
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This document discusses the role of women in agriculture and the gender dynamics within rural economies. Some key points:
- Women make up a significant portion of the agricultural workforce globally and in developing countries, comprising 43% globally and performing many labor-intensive tasks.
- However, their contributions are often undervalued and they face numerous constraints that reduce their productivity, including less access to resources, education, and decision-making power compared to men.
- Economic and social changes are transforming agriculture and increasing the demand for female labor in some areas like export crops, but women still tend to work in lower-paid, lower-status, and more insecure jobs than men. They have less land ownership and control over decisions
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This document defines and describes poverty. It notes that poverty refers to a lack of material possessions or money needed to meet basic needs like food, water, shelter and healthcare. Absolute poverty means deprivation of basic human needs, while relative poverty is defined within a particular society or location. The document then discusses characteristics of poverty like hunger, lack of education, poor housing, and causes and effects like unemployment, stress, and increased risk of violence and human trafficking. It provides statistics on poverty rates in Pakistan and solutions like employment generation, government spending transparency, and developing agriculture and industry.
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The document discusses poverty around the world. It defines poverty as a lack of basic needs including food, shelter, water, education, and healthcare. Poverty can be absolute, with income below a minimum level to afford basic needs, or relative, with income 50% below the average. The document then lists causes of poverty such as corruption, lack of education, overpopulation, and economic issues. Effects of poverty include problems with health, society, and the economy. Some solutions proposed are creating jobs, access to services, empowering women, and microfinancing. In 2015, 10% of the world lived in extreme poverty of less than $1.90 per day.
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Malthusian theory proposed that population grows exponentially while the food supply grows arithmetically, leading to population outstripping the food supply. Neo-Malthusians revived these concerns in the 20th century, predicting mass starvation. However, their predictions did not come true due to technological advances increasing food production. While some neo-Malthusians continue predicting famine, data from the UN and World Bank show that global food production has increased steadily, keeping pace with population growth through yield improvements and the green revolution.
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This document discusses various concepts and definitions related to poverty. It defines absolute poverty as having income less than $2 per day, while relative poverty compares one's economic status to others in the society. Both concepts fail to consider non-income aspects of poverty. Other definitions discussed include income poverty, extreme poverty of less than $1 per day, and India's poverty lines. Causes and impacts of poverty are also outlined. Various poverty indices like the Human Poverty Index and Global Hunger Index are explained. Strategies to address hidden hunger and malnutrition are provided.
3. Poverty definition and descriptions
3rd Lecture delivered under the course - Poverty and Environment taught at the Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Poverty 1.pptx
The document discusses poverty studies and definitions of poverty in India. It notes that the Planning Commission initiated research on poverty after independence and that poverty is typically defined based on food consumption and expenditure. Poverty lines were established based on the minimum food needs supplemented by some non-food items. The document also discusses how poverty is a multidimensional issue involving a lack of assets, employment, education, health, and political power. Causes of poverty in India include colonial exploitation, lack of investment in education and health, social systems that disadvantage certain groups, reliance on agriculture, and population growth.
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The document defines and discusses different types of poverty. The United Nations defines poverty as the inability to access opportunities and basic human needs like food, water, shelter, and education. The World Bank sees poverty as lacking well-being in multiple dimensions like income, health, education, and security. Absolute poverty refers to deprivation of basic needs and is measured as living on less than $1.25 or $2 per day. Relative poverty measures income inequality within a society. Common indicators used to measure poverty include the headcount ratio of those below the poverty line and the poverty gap reflecting resources needed to eliminate poverty.
Poverty and Inequality Measurement.pptx
This ppt talks about the poverty and inequality measures as mentioned in Alkire and Santos Chapter 6.
It talks about the various measures of poverty and the limitations of using income measurement as a criteria of poverty.
poverty
Poverty is general scarcity or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money. It is a multifaceted concept, which includes social, economic, and political elements. Poverty in Pakistan has fallen dramatically, independent bodies supported estimates of a considerable fall in the statistic by the 2007-08 fiscal year, when it was estimated that 17.2% of the total population lived below the poverty line
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Poverty is defined as lacking basic needs like food, water, shelter, and clothing. It is caused by a lack of money, natural disasters, lack of opportunities, overpopulation, and issues like drugs and alcohol. The major causes of extreme poverty are hunger, lack of access to healthcare, limited education, and insufficient clean water. Billions of people worldwide live in poverty, with millions dying each year due to lack of food, nutrition, and preventable health issues.
Unemployment
This document discusses unemployment in India. It defines unemployment and outlines the main types: demand deficient, frictional, structural, and voluntary. It then examines the causes of unemployment in India including large population, lack of skills, and slow private investment. The impacts are also explored such as increased poverty and crime. The government has implemented initiatives to address unemployment like rural development programs, self-employment training schemes, and employment guarantee programs. Solutions involve improving education, expanding employment services, and promoting full employment.
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Poverty
Poverty is defined as a lack of basic human needs like food, shelter, and clothing. It can be measured through relative poverty, which is a lack of resources relative to a society, and absolute poverty, which is a lack of resources to satisfy basic physical needs. India's poverty rate has declined from 45% in the 1990s to 22% in 2011-2012 according to government estimates, though poverty remains a significant problem, especially in rural areas and certain states. Poverty is caused by issues like overpopulation, unemployment, underdevelopment, and low economic growth. The government has implemented various programs aimed at poverty alleviation and increasing employment opportunities in rural areas.
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Urbanization is now a burning issue in all over the world and it related with many things all
together. Urbanization is regarded as one of the key dimensions of the process of socio-economic development.
It is a multifaceted process. It is a necessary condition for economic development, because economies of scale
and of agglomeration in the urban areas make possible economic development through industrialization. India
is at accelerating stage of the process of urbanization. In the current paper West Bengal, an Indian state, which
was one of the most urbanized states of India before independence, has been taken as unit of the study. Still the
state of West Bengal is one of leading urban state of India with 28.03% of the total population residing in
various urban areas. The state West Bengal has a particular pattern of urbanization that is the overwhelming
role of the primate city. It may be said that this contrasting pattern of urbanization has a great deal to do with
the differing land tenure systems, the colonial economic policies pursued by the British, and the course followed
in terms of economic development in these two types of areas during the post-independence period. Keeping in
view all the background history of urbanization of the state of West Bengal, The major objective of this paper
will be to assess the present trends and patterns of urbanization in West Bengal and also to examine the
relationship with the urbanization and human development index, which is an indicator of socio-economic
development. For the purpose of this study the secondary data source has been used i.e. Census of India, 2001,
Town directory of West Bengal.
This paper finds that there is sluggish urban growth rate is observed in comparison to other advanced states of
India during the post-independence period and the huge concentration of urban growth in and around Kolkata
districts. This paper also finds the fact that, at the district level there is a positive relationship between the level
of urbanization and the HDI.
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This document discusses the role of women in agriculture and the gender dynamics within rural economies. Some key points:
- Women make up a significant portion of the agricultural workforce globally and in developing countries, comprising 43% globally and performing many labor-intensive tasks.
- However, their contributions are often undervalued and they face numerous constraints that reduce their productivity, including less access to resources, education, and decision-making power compared to men.
- Economic and social changes are transforming agriculture and increasing the demand for female labor in some areas like export crops, but women still tend to work in lower-paid, lower-status, and more insecure jobs than men. They have less land ownership and control over decisions
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This document discusses various indicators used to measure economic development. It describes two main categories of indicators - income-based and quality-based. Among the most important indicators are per capita income, the Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI), and the Human Development Index (HDI). The PQLI uses measures of life expectancy, infant mortality, and literacy to evaluate quality of life. The HDI takes a broader approach by considering factors like health, education, and standard of living. While useful, all indicators have limitations. The HDI is now widely used internationally to provide a more comprehensive view of development.
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Poverty is a major issue in Bangladesh due to its large population and limited economic resources. Some key causes of poverty include rapid population growth, unequal land distribution, low wages, natural disasters, and lack of education. Poverty leads to issues like malnutrition, disease, lower quality of life, and increased crime. Reducing poverty will require efforts like improving education, empowering women, reducing unemployment and corruption, and ensuring local government participation in evaluation and alleviation programs.
Poverty
This document defines and describes poverty. It notes that poverty refers to a lack of material possessions or money needed to meet basic needs like food, water, shelter and healthcare. Absolute poverty means deprivation of basic human needs, while relative poverty is defined within a particular society or location. The document then discusses characteristics of poverty like hunger, lack of education, poor housing, and causes and effects like unemployment, stress, and increased risk of violence and human trafficking. It provides statistics on poverty rates in Pakistan and solutions like employment generation, government spending transparency, and developing agriculture and industry.
Poverty in Pakistan
Poverty in Pakistan is a growing concern, as nearly one-quarter of the population was classified as poor as of 2006, though this declined to 17.2% by 2008. Some key causes of poverty in Pakistan discussed in the document include lack of education and job skills, materialism weakening social bonds and support systems, division of agricultural land reducing farm viability, and dishonest and irresponsible behaviors undermining the economy. Poverty carries significant health, educational, and social risks, especially for children and homeless families. The document argues that poverty will not end without economic and political reforms that promote equality, transparency, environmental sustainability, and basic human rights for all people worldwide.
Poverty ppt
The document discusses poverty around the world. It defines poverty as a lack of basic needs including food, shelter, water, education, and healthcare. Poverty can be absolute, with income below a minimum level to afford basic needs, or relative, with income 50% below the average. The document then lists causes of poverty such as corruption, lack of education, overpopulation, and economic issues. Effects of poverty include problems with health, society, and the economy. Some solutions proposed are creating jobs, access to services, empowering women, and microfinancing. In 2015, 10% of the world lived in extreme poverty of less than $1.90 per day.
George simmel (1)
George Simmel was a German sociologist born in 1858 who received his PhD from the University of Berlin. Despite being a popular lecturer supported by Max Weber, he was considered an outsider academically. Simmel focused on social interactions and published works on topics like the metropolis and mental life, philosophy of money, poverty, and the stranger. He took a dialectical approach to sociology looking at social relations, conflicts, and contradictions. Simmel viewed the individual in modern society as being in trouble due to things people produce taking on a life of their own externally coercing the actor.
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Gender plays an important role in agricultural development. Statistics show closing the gender gap could increase GDP by 9-16%, reduce hunger by 12-17%, and increase agricultural yields by 20-30%. While women constitute 50% of the agricultural workforce and produce 50% of the world's food, they only receive 10% of income and own 1% of property. They face disparities in areas like income, wages, education, and health. Addressing issues like food security, rural finance, land policy, markets, labor, and infrastructure could help empower women and boost agricultural productivity and economic growth. However, achieving gender equality faces political, policy, practical, and technological challenges that need to be overcome.
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Malthusian theory proposed that population grows exponentially while the food supply grows arithmetically, leading to population outstripping the food supply. Neo-Malthusians revived these concerns in the 20th century, predicting mass starvation. However, their predictions did not come true due to technological advances increasing food production. While some neo-Malthusians continue predicting famine, data from the UN and World Bank show that global food production has increased steadily, keeping pace with population growth through yield improvements and the green revolution.
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This document discusses various concepts and definitions related to poverty. It defines absolute poverty as having income less than $2 per day, while relative poverty compares one's economic status to others in the society. Both concepts fail to consider non-income aspects of poverty. Other definitions discussed include income poverty, extreme poverty of less than $1 per day, and India's poverty lines. Causes and impacts of poverty are also outlined. Various poverty indices like the Human Poverty Index and Global Hunger Index are explained. Strategies to address hidden hunger and malnutrition are provided.
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Poverty 1.pptx
The document discusses poverty studies and definitions of poverty in India. It notes that the Planning Commission initiated research on poverty after independence and that poverty is typically defined based on food consumption and expenditure. Poverty lines were established based on the minimum food needs supplemented by some non-food items. The document also discusses how poverty is a multidimensional issue involving a lack of assets, employment, education, health, and political power. Causes of poverty in India include colonial exploitation, lack of investment in education and health, social systems that disadvantage certain groups, reliance on agriculture, and population growth.
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Social Justice Module 7 Poverty and Hunger - ENGLISH.pdf
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Igala development plan as a solution to poverty
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Sample Eco project poverty class 12
Rough sample project for class 12 on poverty its only rough project it will give 90% hint to all who use this project highly recommended for school project
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This document discusses poverty, including its definition, causes, effects, and measures to address it. Poverty is defined as the inability to meet basic needs and standards of living. Key causes discussed include a nation's history of colonialism or conflict, inequality, debt, and vulnerability to natural disasters. Effects of poverty examined are malnutrition, poor health, lack of education, weak economies, and social issues. The document also compares poverty rates and definitions in India, China, Australia, USA, and California. Suggested remedies include job creation, education, healthcare access, gender equality, and improving sanitation and nutrition.
Poverty and health- a gap still to be bridged
this presentation was made to clear the concept that on basis of what parameters the poverty is made in India, various classification to define poverty, its relation with health mainly hunger and malnutrition.
POVERTY_GROUP-8.pptx
The document discusses poverty, including its definition, types (absolute and relative), characteristics, causes, effects, and impacts on society. It notes that poverty means a lack of basic needs and opportunities according to the UN. There are also discussions of determining the poverty line, characteristics of those in poverty such as living in rural areas and relying on agriculture, and some measures that can be taken to reduce poverty such as increasing access to education, healthcare, and economic security.
Poverty in india
This document provides an overview of poverty in India, including key statistics and information. It discusses that over 27.5% of India's population lives below the poverty line, with 75% living in rural areas. Rural poverty is caused by factors like rapid population growth, lack of capital, illiteracy, and lack of job opportunities outside of agriculture. The document also addresses urban poverty in India and government initiatives to address employment, housing, and other issues. It concludes by emphasizing the need to continue efforts to alleviate poverty in India.
1361306 634674039025726250
This document provides an overview of poverty in India, including key statistics and facts. It discusses that over 27.5% of India's population lives below the poverty line, with 75% of those living in rural areas. Rural poverty is caused by factors like rapid population growth, lack of capital, illiteracy, and lack of employment opportunities other than agriculture. Urban poverty is also discussed, and is caused by issues like slow job growth, migration from rural areas, and lack of housing facilities. The government has implemented various schemes aimed at employment, family planning, insurance, housing, and development in order to address poverty. NGOs play a role in helping the poor through supply-side and demand-side approaches.
Binal thakkar
This document defines and discusses poverty. It begins by defining poverty as a condition where basic needs for food, clothing and shelter are not being met. It then discusses absolute and relative poverty. The document also examines the effects of poverty globally and in India, particularly rural and urban poverty in India. It notes that while India's economy is growing, poverty remains a major challenge, with over 80 million people in urban India and around 170 million in rural India considered poor. The conclusion states that India has the world's largest number of people in poverty and that alleviating poverty is important for peace.
Community medicine i
The field concerned with the study of health and disease in the defined community or group.
Its goal is to identify the health problems and needs of people (community diagnosis) and to plan, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of health care system.
Social Development Issues and Role of Development Professionals
Social development is about improving the well-being of every individual in society so they can reach their full potential.
-The success of society is linked to the well-being of each and every citizen. Social development means investing in people.
Poverty background
The document discusses poverty from multiple dimensions including lack of access to food, shelter, health services, education, clean water and sanitation facilities. It notes that poverty is not just about low income but also human deprivations. It outlines the effects of poverty on children, women, education and sanitation. It provides statistics on poverty rates in India over time and discusses the evolution of the concept of minimum living standards in India through various committees and plans. It analyzes different strategies and programs adopted by the government to directly tackle poverty and ensure minimum living standards.
POVERTY
This document discusses poverty, including its definition, types, causes, and effects. It also examines strategies to reduce poverty. Poverty is defined as a lack of material goods or money. There are two main types: absolute poverty involving basic needs, and relative poverty comparing living standards within a society. Major causes include lack of education, disease, and limited economic opportunities. Effects are on both individuals, like poor health, and societies, such as less economic growth. Recommended solutions involve both short-term actions like job creation, and long-term investments in education, healthcare, and sustainable development. The ultimate goal is to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty.
Poverty and hunger
a brief idea about poverty and how's hunger playing a major part of it in the world and in India, as it's the very basic need for a human to survive.
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Poverty and health . Social and preventive pharmacy
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Social Justice Module 7 Poverty and Hunger - ENGLISH.pdf
Social Justice Module 7 Poverty and Hunger - ENGLISH.pdf
Social Development Issues and Role of Development Professionals
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留信网认证的作用:
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Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024)
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
Who Is Abhay Bhutada, MD of Poonawalla Fincorp
Abhay Bhutada, the Managing Director of Poonawalla Fincorp Limited, is an accomplished leader with over 15 years of experience in commercial and retail lending. A Qualified Chartered Accountant, he has been pivotal in leveraging technology to enhance financial services. Starting his career at Bank of India, he later founded TAB Capital Limited and co-founded Poonawalla Finance Private Limited, emphasizing digital lending. Under his leadership, Poonawalla Fincorp achieved a 'AAA' credit rating, integrating acquisitions and emphasizing corporate governance. Actively involved in industry forums and CSR initiatives, Abhay has been recognized with awards like "Young Entrepreneur of India 2017" and "40 under 40 Most Influential Leader for 2020-21." Personally, he values mindfulness, enjoys gardening, yoga, and sees every day as an opportunity for growth and improvement.
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Poverty - BAF 2
- 2. Poverty is the lack of basic necessities that all human beings must have: food and water, shelter, education, medical care, security, etc. A multi-dimensional issue, poverty exceeds all social, economic, and political boundaries.
- 3. 4.4 billion people live in developing countries.
- 4. Three-fifths lack basic sanitation Of these …
- 5. Almost one third have no access to clean water
- 6. A quarter do not have adequate housing
- 7. A fifth have no access to modern health services
- 8. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of him/(her)self and his/(her) family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services... Everyone has the right to education. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- 9. Percentage of people living below the poverty line Europe and Central Asia 3.5% Latin America and Caribbean 23.5% Sub-Saharan Africa 38.5% Middle East and North Africa 4.1% South Asia 43.1%
- 10. CONCEPT OF POVERTY • It is a socio-economic problem • Poverty can be defined as a social phenomenon in which a section of the society is unable to fulfill its basic necessities of life
- 11. KEY CONCEPTS • ABSOLUTE POVERTY • RELATIVE POVERTY • URABAN POVERTY • RURAL POVERTY • MASS POVERTY • POVERTY LINE
- 12. CAUSES OF POVERTY IN INDIA 1. Rapid growth of population 2. Lack of employment opportunities 3. Heavy dependence of agriculture 4. Inflation 5. Poor infrastructure 6. Social inequality 7. Absence of optimum utilisation of resources 8. Illiteracy among poor 9. Natural calamities 10. Deficiencies in present educational system
- 13. EFFECTS OF POVERTY ECONOMIC EFFECTS 1. Unhygienic and low standard of living 2. Low productivity 3. Low saving and low capital 4. Illiteracy and poor skills 5. Indebtedness 6. Unemployment SOCIAL EFFECTS 1. Poor sanitary conditions 2. Unhappy life 3. Anti social activities 4. Biasness due to social status 5. Division of society
- 14. POLITICAL EFFECTS OF POVERTY 1. Easy exploitation by political class 2. Threatens political stability and integrity
- 15. MEASURES TO ERADICATE POVERTY 1. Population control 2. Accelerate the rate of economic and industrial growth 3. Create massive employment opportunities 4. Rural industrialization 5. Remove regional imbalances 6. Social security to poor