This document discusses poverty in India, providing statistics and facts. It states that two-thirds of Indians live below $2 per day, with over 30% living on less than $1.25 per day. Poverty disproportionately impacts women and children. It then outlines various topics to be covered, including definitions of poverty, poverty lines, causes of poverty such as low education and rapid population growth, and effects like increased health risks. Schemes aimed at poverty alleviation in rural India are also mentioned.

1. Presentation By Chirag, Bhavesh, Ayushi & Akash

2. Two-thirds of people in India live in poverty: 68.8%
of the Indian population lives on less than $2 a day
. Over 30% even have less than $1.25 per day
available - they are considered extremely poor.
This makes the Indian subcontinent one of the
poorest countries in the world; women and
children, the weakest members of Indian society,
suffer most.
Some Facts on Poverty in India

3. Topics Covered
1. Introduction
2. How a person considered to be a poor ?
3. Types of poverty
4. Poverty Line & BPL
5. Vicious Circle of poverty
6. Causes of poverty
7. Effect of poverty
8. Poverty ratio in India
9. Poverty Alleviation Schemes in India for Rural Development
10. List of Poorest Countries in the World
11. Concluding remarks

4. INTRODUCTION
Poverty is scarcity, dearth, or the state of one
who lacks a certain amount of material
possessions or money.
It includes low incomes and the inability to
acquire the basic goods and services necessary
for survival with dignity.

5. How a person considered to
be a poor ?
• The World Bank's poverty definition says, “A
person is considered poor if his or her income
level falls below some minimum level
necessary to meet basic needs.” It sets this
minimum level, or international poverty line,
as living on less than $1.90 a day.

6. Types of Poverty
1. Absolute Poverty
2. Relative Poverty
3. Situational Poverty
4. Generational Poverty
5. Rural Poverty
6. Urban Poverty

7. What is Poverty Line
(BPL)
Poverty Line is a concept used to determine if
the individual is struggling with Absolute Poverty.
This can be determined with these factors…
• Satisfactory level of Nutritional Diet
• Minimum required clothing & housing.
• Health Facilities, Clean water, Education etc.

8. Vicious Circle of Poverty
• Vicious Circle of Poverty cab be defined as a situation
of Self-reinforcing Forces in which there are Certain f
actors that are related in a circular way and results In
continuation of Poverty..
There are Many kinds of Vicious Circle of Poverty
Below is the most common one…

9. Demand Side of
Capital
Low Investment
Low
Productivity
Low
Real Income
Low Demand,
Limited Size of market
Under Development
Low
Capital Formation

10. • Low Rate of Economic Development : This is one of
the major factor for Poverty because Low Rate of
Development leads to low Per Capita Income and low
standards of living
• Rapid Population growth among the Poor: Populatio
n Growth among Poor people is high because of
their illiteracy, Traditional attitudes and lack of family
planning.
Causes of Poverty

11. • Low Education: This is another major cause of Poverty.
Poor and illiterate and semi-educated therefor they
can do only low paid jobs
• Inflationary Pressure : The continuous Rise in prices
particularly of essential commodities, has added to
the miseries of the poor. Sharp rises in prices has led
to fall in Real Income of fixed Income earners.
• Unemployment: The continuously expanding army of
unemployed is another cause of poverty. The job seek
er is increasing in number at a higher rate than the ex
pansion in employment opportunities.

12. Effects of poverty
• High Mortality Rates.
• Increased health risk and perpetuation of epidemics
such as HIV/AIDS and Malaria.
• Hampers children’s ability to grow & develop properly
and contributes to a cycle of poverty.
• Inhibits education and social advancement.
• Increased armed conflict.

13. Poverty ratio in India

14. Poorest States of India in 2020
By GDP Per capita
1. Bihar - $ 659
2. Uttar Pradesh - $ 1,043
3. Jharkhand – $ 1,179
4. Manipur – $ 1,222
5. Assam – $ 1,365
Bihar and Uttar Pradesh are Among the Poorest states due to their vast
Population and lack of Education.

15. A Glimpse at Miserable Conditions in Poor States of India

16. Poverty Alleviation Schemes in
India for Rural Development
1. National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM)
2. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment
Guarantee Act 2005 (MNREGA)
3. Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana-Gramin (PMAY-G).
4. Public Distribution System (PDS)

17. 17
Concluding remarks
• Reducing poverty takes a commitment of resources
• Improve opportunities
• Invest in education from early childhood through acces
s to college
• Encourage work and supplement income:
• Further expansions of the EITC
• Provide the necessary work supports (child care)

19. Thank You