Poultry and Nutrition in Bangladesh

1. Md.Nahian Rahman
INFS,DU

2. Introduction
 The poultry sub-sector is an important avenue in
fostering agricultural growth and reduce
malnutrition for the people in Bangladesh.
 It was in 1995 that the poultry industry started in
an organized manner in Bangladesh.

3. Backdrop Circumstances of Poultry
 Poultry plays a vital role in Bangladesh & involves 85% of rural
people.
 Six poultry farms were set up in 1947 at different locations of the
country, ‘Eggs and Hens’ in 1964.
 Biman poultry complex started its operation, after liberation,
 BRAC developed “Rural Poultry Model” in 1983.
 In early nineties, private parent stock farm started.
 Large scale eggs and meat production have increased production
from last 20 years in this country.
 C.P. Bangladesh Co. Ltd. started its operation as a lone foreign
company in the Bangladesh poultry industry in 1999.

4. Present Status of Poultry
Enterprise
 Numbers of farms have been established in 1990 with
bank support.
 There are 145 hatcheries of which 117 are in operation.
 Only 18 breeding farms are fully environment
controlled.
 85% hatchery produces only broiler and rest produce
layer.
 Most of the Companies now have both hatchery and
feed mill

6. CONTRIBUTION OF LIVESTOCK AND
POULTRY IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
 About 44% of human daily intake of animal protein
comes from livestock products.
 It has created job opportunity for more than 6 million
people.
 In the 90s total investment in this sector was only BDT
15 thousand million, but now it is more than BDT 150
thousand million.
 Investment in poultry sector should be doubled within
the next decade and it will enhance the growth of this
sector and contribute in the GDP and creates
employment opportunity.

7. Source: DLS., 2015. Annual report on livestock
2015.

8. Status of Poultry Industry in
Bangladesh

9. Status of Meat and egg Production

10. Present meat and egg production
status in Bangladesh

12. Effect on Nutrition

13. Effect on Nutrition

15. The benefits of increasing the iodine
content of the hen’s egg
 A hen’s egg normally contains about 53 μg iodine/100 g
edible portion, which is about 33 percent of the
recommended dietary intake (RDI), although this
varies.
 Inexpensive supplementation of a hen’s diet with 5 mg
of potassium iodide per kilogram of feed does not
affect the bird’s performance, but increases the iodine
content of a 60 g egg from 26 to 88 μg; this is more
than 50 percent of an adult’s RDI (Rottger et al., 2008).

16. The benefits of increasing the selenium
content of the hen’s egg
 The United States Department of Agriculture has allowed
the statement, “selenium may reduce the risk of some
forms of cancer”. It is particularly important in reducing
the incidence of prostrate cancer. A deficiency of selenium
can have an adverse effect on mood states, especially
depression, and may be associated with several other
health-related problems, including heart disease (Keshan’s
disease). The conversion of thyroxine (T4) to the
biologically active triiodothyronine (T3) also involves
selenium.
 Supplementation of a layer’s diet with organic selenium at
0.4 mg/kg of feed will increase the content of 100 g of
edible egg from 20 μg to about 60 μ g – the minimum RDI
of an adult.

17. The benefits of increasing n-3 PUFAs
content of the hen’s egg
 The importance of n-3 PUFAs in human health has only recently
been recognized. It ranges from protection against some forms of
cancer, several specific diseases and conditions (heart
disease,brain development, learning ability, and inflammatory
diseases such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis) to general
well-being (Anonymous, 2002).
 The diet of hens usually contains some of the n-3 fats, and 100 g
of edible egg typically contains 150 mg of total n-3; of this,
eicosapentaenoic acid, [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA])
is about 20 mg. By adding 10 percent flax seed (2 percent ALA) to
the diet of layers, the total n-3 will rise to more than 600mg/100
g. About one-third of this will be DHA + EPA. Rape seed oil and
rape seeds can also be used to enrich eggs with n-3 PUFAs,but
result in lower concentrations.

18. Folic acid in poultry meat and eggs is
especially important during pregnancy
 Folic acid deficiency is of major concern in almost all
developing countries and has been shown to lead to
neural tube defects.
 These can occur very early in pregnancy, resulting in
severe defects of the brain and spinal cord, stillbirths
and early child mortality.
 The incidence of several common metabolic diseases
associated with deficiencies of critical dietary
minerals, vitamins and amino acids can be reduced by
the contribution of poultry products rich in all
essential nutrients except vitamin C.

19. Important facts about cholesterol
 There are two not widely known facts:
i) cholesterol must be in the oxidized (rancid) form to
cause the arterial plaques that lead to partial blockage of
the blood vessels; and
ii) some forms of cholesterol are beneficial.
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) protects
against heart disease by mopping up circulating
cholesterol.
The culprit is the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(LDL) in the oxidized form that narrows or “hardens” the
arteries.
One way of counteracting this process is therefore to eat
foods rich in natural antioxidants.

20. Important facts about cholesterol
 An important point is that the fat in eggs is in the unusual
form of emulsified oil, almost half of which is made up of
healthy monounsaturated fats. This combination probably
minimizes the effect of eggs on blood cholesterol.
 Attempts have been made to lower the cholesterol in eggs
(Elkin,2007) by feeding different grains to layers, which
may reduce egg cholesterol by about 10 percent. Feeding
copper at 125 or 250 parts per million (ppm) can reduce
cholesterol in eggs by up to 31 percent. Feeding garlic as a
paste at up to 8 percent of the diet may reduce egg
cholesterol by as much as 24 percent, but there is wide
variation.

21. How many eggs should we eat?
 Nearly half (45 percent) of the public in the United
Kingdom still believe that they should be eating a
maximum of three eggs a week.
 A recent article in the British Nutrition Foundation’s
Nutrition Bulletin (2009, 34(1): 66–70) reveals that
misconceptions about eggs and cholesterol stem
largely from incorrect conclusions drawn from early
research.
 Many heart and lung health organizations have done a
complete turn-about and some have even given eggs
the “heart tick” of approval.

23. Poultry and Poverty reduction
 Poultry is used as a tool of poverty reduction.
 Fostering the idea of community group formation
and skill development.
 Training regarding improved poultry husbandry
practices rolled with micro-credit.
 For the rural poor especially the women to
improve their livelihood.
 Income generation and empowerment.
 A group of entrepreneurs (enterprises) are
established
 An integrated chain of production.

24. Women Empowerment
 Chickens are a good source of income. In fact,
chickens are known in international development
circles as “the ATM of the poor,” because they are easy
to sell on short notice to cover day-to-day expenses.
 less intuitive way that chickens make life much better
for poor people.
 In most developing countries, raising chickens is
considered women’s work, and the money from selling
chickens and eggs belongs to women to spend as they
choose.

25. Job Opportunities

28. Malnutrition In Bangladesh

29. Sustainable Development Goals

30. Poultry sector to help meet SDGs
Among 17 SDGs, ending hunger, achieving food
security and improving nutritional status are the ones
that the poultry industry can deal with and contribute
much through providing protein items.
The aim of UN goals is to end all forms of hunger and
malnutrition by 2030, making sure that all people –
especially children and those more vulnerable to
severe malnutrition – have access to sufficient
nutritious food all the year round.

31. Poultry sector to help meet SDGs
By 2021, our per capita consumption is expected to
increase by 8.42kg, and considering the aspect, we can
say Bangladesh will be able to achieve SDGs in the
field of ending hunger and removing malnutrition.
Bangladesh’s demands for eggs will rise to 4.5 crore
pieces by 2021 while demands for chicken meat 4,500
tones per day.
Talking on the production capacity, the sector people
said Bangladesh poultry sector needs investment of
Tk60,000 crore to increase production capacity to
meet the demands by 2021.

32. The challenges posed to the poultry industry
High fluctuation in poultry feed prices in country.
High fluctuations in the price of DOC which ranged
from 25-85 taka/doc
Threat of epidemics like avian influenza which leads
to huge economic losses to poultry farms.
Lack of infrastructure for storage of feed ingredients
and in terms of roads electricity etc.,
Unplanned growth of poultry farms around cities and
no biosecurity guidelines is leading to various
environmental hazards.

33. The policy framework for poultry development
should have following points for developing
poultry sector in Bangladesh
 Promotion of young entrepreneurs in poultry sector by providing
support in terms of some subsidy.
 Focus towards price stabilization of various inputs mainly poultry feed
(Maize).
 Introduce some legal measures for the quality control/ quality checks
of feed and poultry products.
 Development of environment friendly commercial farms.
 Major focus should be on preventive health measures (vaccination)
against major diseses. Availability of vaccines in country should not be
a constraint. Infact, the country should be well prepared to face any
challenge of avian flue.
 Supporting the poultry industry by favourable policies like tax holidays
to new players, reduced import duties on import of equipment and
inputs, infrastructure support like electricity and roads.
 Organized meat market, including the processing facilities need to be
promoted in country.