Post graduate exam in hydraulics
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The document contains a final exam for an advanced water structures course. It consists of 5 questions testing knowledge of dam stability analysis, wastewater diffusers, groundwater flow concepts, emptying times for swimming pools, pump performance, and selecting suitable pipes. Net sketches are required for some answers. Forces on dams include water, uplift, earthquake, and weight. Groundwater concepts defined include porosity, permeability, drawdown, aquifer types, and protecting groundwater resources.
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Post graduate exam in hydraulic 2018.docx
The document contains a final exam for an Advanced Water Structures course. It consists of 5 multi-part questions testing various concepts in hydrology, hydraulics, and water resources engineering. Sketches and calculations are required. The exam covers topics like pump performance, open channel flow, groundwater flow, and dam and spillway design. Students are advised to show all working clearly and make reasonable assumptions where data is missing.
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1. The first question asks about tractive forces on bank stability in trapezoidal channels, the purpose of locks and dams for navigation, functions and types of surge tanks, and when braiding channels occur.
2. The second question asks about the purpose of diffusers for wastewater and calculating velocities at points along an upward discharging round jet of water from the bottom of a bay.
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Assignment 3 (CH. 7-9)
Chapter 7
Questions (use complete sentences)
1) What is an electric field? Sketch the shape of the electric field around a single proton.
2) If a uniform electric field is pointing east, what is the direction of the force on an electron? What is the direction of force on a positive particle?
3) If electrons are flowing counter clock wise in a circuit, which way is the conventional current flowing?
4) Explain what current, voltage, and resistance are?
5) Describe the differences between circuits with resistors connected in series vs. parallel.
Problems (show your work)
1) Two charged particles exert an electrical force of 16 N on each other. What will the magnitude of the force be if the distance between them is reduced by half? What if the distance is doubled?
2) What would the separation between two particles each with a charge of 1 C have to be so that they each feel a force of 1 N.
3) A particle with a charge of 2.0 x 10-6 C experiences an upward force of 8N. What is the magnitude and direction of the electric field at that point? What if the charge was negative?
4) During 30 second of use, 250 C of charge flow through a microwave over. What is the current?
5) A current of 12 A flows through an electric heater operating on 120 V. What is the heater’s resistance?
6) The resistance of each brake light on an automobile is 6.6 Ω. Use the fact that cars have 12 V electrical systems to calculate the current that flows through each bulb.
7) An electric eel can generate a 400 V, 0.5 A shock for stunning its prey. What is the eel’s power output?
8) A clock consumes 2 W of electrical power. How much energy does it use each day?
Challenge (show work)
1) Three particles each with a charge of 2.5 x 10-6 C are located on the x-axis. There coordinates are (0,0), (2,0), and (6,0). What is the magnitude and direction of the electrical force on the particle located at (2,0)?
Chapter 8
Questions (use complete sentences)
1) Sketch the shape of the magnetic field around a bar magnet.
2) List the main type of electromagnetic waves in order of increasing frequency.
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4) What does a transformer do?
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Chapter 7
Questions (use complete sentences)
1) What is an electric field? Sketch the shape of the electric field around a single proton.
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This document contains 8 questions related to mechanics of fluids for an aeronautical engineering exam. The questions cover topics like Darcy's formula for head loss in pipes, Bernoulli's equation, boundary layers, stagnation properties, viscosity, venturimeters, and more. Students are asked to solve problems and derive equations related to fluid flow concepts.
5th Semester (July-2016) Civil Engineering Question Paper
5th Semester (July-2016) Civil Engineering Question PaperBGS Institute of Technology, Adichunchanagiri University (ACU)
This document appears to be an exam paper containing multiple choice and long answer questions related to management, entrepreneurship, small scale industries, project management, and structural design of reinforced concrete elements.
Some of the long answer questions ask students to:
- Define management and discuss levels of management
- Explain planning and types of plans with examples
- Discuss steps in selection procedures and sources of recruitment for organizations
- Design structural elements like beams, slabs, columns, and footings.
The document contains questions from two parts - Part A and Part B. Questions range from design to theoretical concepts in management, entrepreneurship, and structural engineering.X10238 (ce8394)
This document appears to be an exam for a fluid mechanics and machinery course. It contains three parts:
Part A contains 10 short answer questions worth 2 marks each about fluid mechanics topics like the differences between liquids and gases, types of energy in flowing fluids, boundary layers, pipes in series, dimensional analysis, and hydraulic machinery components like impellers and turbines.
Part B contains 5 longer answer questions worth 13 marks each involving more complex fluid mechanics calculations and explanations of topics like bulk modulus, lubrication, flow types, pipe networks, boundary layers, dimensional analysis, and hydraulic similitude.
Part C contains 1 long answer question worth 15 marks involving detailed calculations about a Pelton turbine or ship model testing depending on
Appendix B_ Calculations_ STRUCTURES PORTION (1-17-2015)
This document contains calculations for a water tank and pump station project in Nicaragua. It includes hydraulic calculations to determine needed tank capacity based on population and water usage. Structural calculations are shown to check that the soil can support the weight of water tanks and that the concrete slab thickness is sufficient to resist shear forces from soil expansion/contraction. Electrical requirements are noted as using the local power grid's single phase supply. Key values like population, soil properties, material strengths, and component sizes are defined. The document concludes the soil can support the tanks and the minimum slab thickness is 16.7 cm.
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Appendix B_ Calculations_ STRUCTURES PORTION (1-17-2015)
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Summer training
This document provides an overview of various branches of civil engineering including structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, environmental engineering, construction management, quantity surveying, irrigation engineering, and earthquake engineering. It also discusses related topics like surveying, roads, railways, soil mechanics, fluid mechanics, and the roles of civil engineers in different construction projects. The key branches covered are structural design of buildings and bridges, transportation infrastructure like roads and railways, foundation design and geotechnical soil testing, water and wastewater management, construction planning and management, and disaster mitigation.
notes in fluid mechanics
This document discusses fluid mechanics and hydraulics concepts including:
1. Definitions of density, specific gravity, atmospheric pressure, absolute and gauge pressure.
2. Descriptions of viscosity, laminar flow, turbulent flow, continuity equation, and steady vs unsteady flow.
3. Explanations of surface tension, capillarity, hydrostatic pressure, buoyancy, and center of pressure.
4. Discussions of manometers, energy equations, forces on submerged surfaces, and fluid static forces.
Worked examples
The document contains 7 practice problems for applying Bernoulli's equation to fluid mechanics situations:
1) Determining the diameter of a jet of water flowing from a tank if the water level remains constant
2) Determining if the water level in a tank with inflows and an outflow weir is rising or falling
3) Calculating pressures and drawing hydraulic grade lines for a pipe system with and without a nozzle
4) Analyzing forces on a vertical gate from upstream water with varying depths
5) Calculating flow rates and pressures at several points in a branched pipeline system
Seven edition in fluid mechanics White
This document provides conversion factors between British gravitational (BG) units and International System of Units (SI) units for various quantities in fluid mechanics and heat transfer. It lists units for length, area, mass, density, force, pressure, temperature, velocity, power, viscosity, volume, and flow rate. For each quantity, it specifies the conversion factor to multiply the BG unit by to obtain the equivalent SI unit. The list of conversion factors is extensive and covers many common units needed for engineering calculations involving fluid properties, forces, heat transfer, and fluid flow behaviors.
Manometers, Pitot tube and Pumps & Turbines Final.
Manometers and Pitot tubes are devices used to measure fluid pressure and velocity. A manometer uses a liquid column to measure pressure differences, while a Pitot tube uses a pressure tap to measure flow velocity based on Bernoulli's equation. A manometer can be a simple U-tube or inclined design, while orifices are openings that can be classified by size, shape, and flow characteristics. A Pitot tube has a open end facing flow and static pressure taps, allowing velocity measurement. These devices are essential tools for analyzing fluid systems.
clarifier-calculations
This document provides information and examples for calculating surface areas and volumes of rectangular and round tanks, as well as clarifier loading calculations. It includes formulas and step-by-step worked examples for determining surface area of rectangles and circles, and volume of rectangular and cylindrical tanks, including those with conical bottoms. Clarifier detention time is defined as the time it takes for water to travel from inlet to outlet.
worked examples
1) The document presents the solution to calculating the force in a strut connecting two points on a small dam given information about the dam geometry and hydrostatic forces.
2) It also provides examples of calculating forces on structures like gates and stops subjected to hydrostatic forces from water, including determining the minimum volume of concrete needed to balance these forces.
3) The solutions involve applying principles of equilibrium, calculating hydrostatic force components, and summing moments. Analytical expressions for determining forces are developed.
Examples solutions in open channel flow
The document contains questions related to open channel flow, pipe flow, and hydraulic structures. It asks the reader to calculate parameters like normal depth, critical depth, flow depth, head loss, forces on structures, and more for channels, pipes and hydraulic elements based on given flow rates, dimensions, slopes and roughness. The reader is asked to show working and assumptions for multi-part questions involving concepts like specific energy, critical flow, flow transitions, weirs and sluice gates.
solved problems in hydrostatic
The document describes a calculation to determine the height (H) of oil in a rectangular tank at which a hinged gate will just begin to rotate counterclockwise. The gate is subjected to an upward force from the oil (F1) and a leftward force from the air pressure (F2). F1 is calculated based on the oil density, area of the gate, and height of the oil column. F2 is given as the air pressure times the gate area. Setting F1 equal to F2 and solving for H gives the critical height at which rotation will occur.
Solved Examples in fluid mechanics final
The document discusses several fluid mechanics problems involving pipes, valves, pumps, and Venturi meters. It provides the relevant equations, diagrams, and step-by-step workings to calculate pressure, velocity, discharge, and other flow parameters for each problem.
The document also contains an Arabic passage discussing philosophical concepts like thinking outside the box and challenging preconceived notions.
Solved Examples in fluid mechanics
The document contains questions related to open channel flow, pipe flow, and hydraulic structures. It asks the reader to calculate parameters like normal depth, critical depth, flow depth, head loss, force on structures, and more for channels, pipes and hydraulic elements based on given cross-sections, slopes, roughness and discharge. It also contains multiple choice questions testing understanding of concepts like Darcy-Weisbach equation, Chezy's formula, relationship between EGL, HGL and velocity head.
Problem solving in fluid mechanics
The document appears to be a 14-page final exam for a Hydraulic I course taught by Dr. Ezzat El-sayed G. SALEH in January 2017. It contains multiple pages of questions related to hydraulics for students taking the CVE 215 Hydraulic I course final.
sheet of pipe flow
The document contains lecture notes on hydraulics from Minia University in Egypt. It defines key terms related to fluid mechanics such as density, viscosity, laminar and turbulent flow, compressibility, and surface tension. It also provides the continuity equation and defines different types of fluid flow such as steady, uniform, rotational, and one, two, and three-dimensional flow. The notes conclude by listing the Bernoulli equation and its assumptions.
Sheetproblems in open channel flow
The document is a study sheet on Bernoulli's equation and its applications. It contains 7 practice problems applying Bernoulli's equation to calculate things like water flow rates, pressures at different points, and forces on gates. Diagrams illustrate the hydraulic systems and students are asked to calculate values, sketch graphs, and determine if water levels are rising or falling. The problems involve nozzles, pipes, weirs, and cylinders to demonstrate applications of Bernoulli's equation in hydraulics.
Introduction to Hydraulics "Engineering is your job"
This document provides an overview of various topics in civil engineering, including the different branches and their applications. It discusses surveying, structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, construction management, irrigation engineering, earthquake engineering, and the roles of civil engineers in construction projects like buildings and dams. The key information presented includes the different types of structures, loads, soils, roads, and the purposes and methods of each civil engineering specialty.
pelton wheel
This document discusses Pelton wheel turbines. It begins with an overview of Pelton wheels and their components. It then provides explanations of key concepts such as impulse turbines, velocity diagrams, effective head, maximum power output, and hydraulic efficiency. Practical considerations for Pelton wheel design like optimal bucket angles are also covered. Finally, it discusses turbine selection and the typical range of specific speeds for different turbine types.
Quasi steady and un steady flow
This document defines and describes different types of fluid flows. It discusses ideal and real fluids, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, laminar and turbulent flow, steady and unsteady flow, uniform and non-uniform flow, compressible and incompressible flow, rotational and irrotational flow, and viscous and non-viscous flow. Key fluid properties like viscosity, density, and compressibility are covered. Examples are provided to illustrate different fluid types and flows.
Presentation on MCQ on fluid
This document contains diagrams and questions related to fluid mechanics:
1) It shows diagrams of different devices moving in fluid and asks whether each will move in the positive or negative x-direction assuming equal pressure at the entrance and exit.
2) It shows a diagram of a sprinkler and asks to determine the torque required to prevent its rotation given the fluid velocity and distance from the point of rotation.
3) It shows a diagram of a vane moving through fluid and asks to determine the force on the vane given its angle, velocity through the fluid, and the fluid velocity striking it.
4) It asks which factors the pressure at the summit of a siphon depends on out of liquid density
How to draw EGL&HGL
The document discusses hydraulic grade lines (HGL) and energy grade lines (EGL), which are tools for representing energy in hydraulic systems. It notes that three key equations - discharge and continuity, energy, and momentum - are fundamental to solving most hydrodynamic problems. HGLs and EGLs provide a visual representation of energy along a flow path to help identify points of concern in design and analysis. Examples are given of how HGLs and EGLs change with factors like pipe diameter, valves, nozzles, pumps, and turbines.
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Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
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https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
一比一原版(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(osu毕业证书)美国俄勒冈州立大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
AI for Legal Research with applications, tools
AI applications in legal research include rapid document analysis, case law review, and statute interpretation. AI-powered tools can sift through vast legal databases to find relevant precedents and citations, enhancing research accuracy and speed. They assist in legal writing by drafting and proofreading documents. Predictive analytics help foresee case outcomes based on historical data, aiding in strategic decision-making. AI also automates routine tasks like contract review and due diligence, freeing up lawyers to focus on complex legal issues. These applications make legal research more efficient, cost-effective, and accessible.
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
Design and optimization of ion propulsion drone
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
学校原版美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
SCALING OF MOS CIRCUITS m .pptx
this ppt explains about scaling parameters of the mosfet it is basically vlsi subject
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IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
Post graduate exam in hydraulics
- 1. Final Exam.- 1 - El Minia University Advanced Water Structures II Faculty of Engineering Date: June 4, 2016 PostgraduateExam. Time: 3 hours Answer all the following questions, Assume any missing data reasonably, Net sketches and clear dimensions are required. ورقتني يف ئةلسأ مخسة من مكون الامتحان وهجان حدههامإ ، & " إلعظمي إدلرجة 0 7 “ Question No 1 (15 Marks) “Net sketches are required in your answer” A. What are the factors affecting selection of type of dams? What are the typical forces, which are considered for the analysis of an elementary profiles of a gravity dam under filled upstream reservoir and downstream water? Why are locks and dams necessary for navigation? How is the river diverted during construction? B. Neglecting ice, and earthquake forces, analyze the stability of the given gravity dam (see the attached Figure) for the following conditions: Friction coefficient between concrete-foundation is 0.70, respectively. Allowable shear stress at the foundation level is 2200 kN/m2 , Take specific weights of concrete and water as 24 kN/m3 , and 9.810 kN/m3 , respectively. Question No 2 (12 Marks) a) What is the purpose of diffusers for wastewater? b) A round jet of wastewater is discharging upward from near the bottom of a bay that is 120 m deep. The jet is 0.3 m in diameter, and the discharge rate is 2 m3 /s. What are the velocities along the axis of the jet at distances of 30 m and 60 m from the origin of the jet (Z = 30 m and Z = 60 m?),
- 2. Final Exam.- 2 - What are the velocities at these same Z-direction but at a radial distance of 6 m from the axis of the jet? (The density of the wastewater is 1000 kg/ m3 and the density of the water in the bay is 1026 kg/ m3 ). Question No 3 (20 Marks) a) How is the following defined (beside net sketches): Porosity & Permeability, Drawdown & Specific yield, Confined & Unconfined aquifer, Static water table &Hot springs. b) How can we protect groundwater recharge areas and groundwater reservoir from contamination and depletion (?)نضوب c) What we mean by well rehabilitation? d) Steady-state to an abstraction well in an unconfined aquifer is given by the following formula 𝑄 2 𝜋 𝑘 ln ( 𝑟2 𝑟1 ) = ℎ2 2 − ℎ1 2 2 Define each term in this equation and show how this formula can be re- arranged to be expressed in terms of corrected drawdown. e) A well in an unconfined aquifer is pumped over a long period at a rate of 0.05 m3 /s until approximate steady-state conditions are achieved. Two observation wells at distances of 25 m and 50 m from the abstraction well give observed drawdowns below the initial water table level of 15.3 m and 9.5 m respectively. If the saturated thickness of the aquifer prior to pumping is 80 m, determine the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer material. Question No 4 (15 Marks) A rectangular swimming pool 1.0 m deep at one end and increases uniformly in depth to 2.6 m at the other end. The pool is 8 m wide and 32 m long and is emptied through an orifice of area 0.225 m2 , at the lowest point in the side of the deep end (see the shown sketch). Taking Cd for the orifice as 0.60, find from the first principles:
- 3. Final Exam.- 3 - The time for the depth to fall by 1.0 m, The time to empty the pool completely. Question No 5 (15 Marks) A pump on test at its designed speed of 1450 rpm gave the following results: H (ft) 27 25 21.5 17.5 13.5 8 3 Q (gal/min) 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1375 (%) 0 20 42 60 69 66 61 The pump is to run continuously at its design speed and is to deliver water through 40 ft of pipe against a static lift of 5 ft. The only pipes available are 6in, 8in and 10in diameter all with f =0.028. i. Which will be the most suitable pipe for this duty? ii. Estimate the horse power required to drive the pump and calculate the specific speed of the pump at maximum efficiency? iii. Plot on the square paperan estimated head-quantity (Q) curve for the pump running at1000 rpm. With Best Wishes and Good Luck
- 4. Final Exam.- 4 - Forces and loads acting the dam: Fi : Ice Load (for cold climates and Fi1, and Fi2 for reservoir and tail water in the downstream, respectively) F w, h F Uplif t
- 5. Final Exam.- 5 - Fw: Water force produced by earthquake (Fw1, and Fw2 for reservoir and tail water in the downstream, respectively) Fwh: Hydrostatic force produced by water in the reservoir and tail water in the downstream (Fwh1, and Fwh2) Fwv: Water load produced by water weight (Fwv1, and Fwv2 for reservoir and tail water in the downstream, respectively) Fu : Uplift force produced by groundwater (since the tail water in the downstream, the diagram of uplift force will be in trapezoidal shape) W : The weight of the dam (W1, W2, W3…Wn) Fd : Earthquake forces (Fdh1 and Fdv1: horizontally and vertically) The values of the forces (total vertical and total horizontal, and moments): Forces Moment Arm about “o” Moment “kN.m ” 𝑾, 𝑭 (2) 𝑋𝒘 (3) 𝑊 × 𝑋𝒘 𝑾𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟓 × 𝟔 × 𝟕𝟎 × 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟓𝟎𝟒𝟎 𝒌𝑵 𝑋𝒘𝟏 = 𝟏 𝟑 × 𝟔 + 𝟒 + 𝟒𝟓 = 𝟓𝟏𝒎 5040 × 51 = 257040 𝑘𝑁 𝑾𝟐 = 𝟒 × 𝟕𝟎 × 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟔𝟕𝟐𝟎 𝒌𝑵 𝑋𝒘𝟐 = 𝟏 𝟐 × 𝟒 + 𝟒𝟓 = 𝟒𝟕𝒎 6720 × 47 = 315840 𝑘𝑁 𝑾𝟑 = 𝟎. 𝟓 × 𝟒𝟓 × 𝟕𝟎 × 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟑𝟕𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝒌𝑵 𝑋𝒘𝟑 = 𝟐 𝟑 × 𝟒𝟓 = 𝟑𝟎𝒎 37800 × 30 = 1134000 𝑘𝑁 𝑭𝑾,𝒉 = 𝟎. 𝟓 × 𝟔𝟓 × (𝟏 × 𝟗. 𝟖𝟏) × 𝟔𝟓 ≅ 𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟐𝟓 𝒌𝑵 𝑋𝒘,𝒉 = 𝟏 𝟑 × 𝟔𝟓 = 𝟐𝟏.𝟔𝟕𝒎 20725 × 21.67 = 449111 𝑘𝑁 𝑭𝑾,𝒗 = 𝟎. 𝟓 × 𝟔 × (𝟏 × 𝟗. 𝟖𝟏)× 𝟔𝟓 ≅ 𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟓 𝒌𝑵 𝑋𝒘,𝒗 = 𝟐 𝟑 × 𝟔 + 𝟒 + 𝟒𝟓 = 𝟓𝟑 𝒎 1915 × 53 = 101495 𝑘𝑁 𝑭𝑼 = 𝟎.𝟓 × 𝟓𝟓 × (𝟏 × 𝟗. 𝟖𝟏)× 𝟔𝟓 ≅ 𝟏𝟕𝟓𝟑𝟓 𝒌𝑵 𝑋𝒘,𝒗 = 𝟐 𝟑 × 𝟓𝟓 = 𝟑𝟔.𝟔𝟕 𝒎 17535 × 36.67 = 643010 𝑘𝑁 ∑ 𝑀 = 449111 + 643010 = 1092121 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 𝑜
- 6. Final Exam.- 6 - ∑ 𝑀 = 257040 + 315840 + 1134000 + 101495 = 1808375 𝑜 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 ∑ 𝐹𝑉 = 5040 + 6720 + 37800 + 1915− 17535 = 33940 𝑘𝑁 ∑ 𝐹ℎ = 20725 𝑘𝑁
- 7. Final Exam.- 7 -
- 8. Final Exam.- 8 -
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- 10. Final Exam.- 10 - Note: The pumping well itself can be taken as one of the observation wells, in which case r1 equals the radius of the pumping well r.
- 11. Final Exam.- 11 -
- 12. Final Exam.- 12 -
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- 14. Final Exam.- 14 - الجوفية المياه منسوب تطفو التي
- 15. Final Exam.- 15 - The vadose zone