The document discusses key concepts in population and community ecology. It covers:
1) Factors that influence population growth rates and carrying capacity.
2) Life history strategies such as r-selected and K-selected reproduction.
3) Trophic structure in food webs and how energy is transferred between species.
4) The role of disturbances in shaping communities over time through ecological succession.
Franz 2017 uiuc cirss non unitary syntheses of systematic knowledgetaxonbytes
Invited Presentation given at the University of Illinois Urbana Champaign iSchool, Center for Informatics Research in Science and Scholarship, CIRSS Seminar, Friday, February 17, 2017.
Franz 2017 uiuc cirss non unitary syntheses of systematic knowledgetaxonbytes
Invited Presentation given at the University of Illinois Urbana Champaign iSchool, Center for Informatics Research in Science and Scholarship, CIRSS Seminar, Friday, February 17, 2017.
Genetic basis and improvement of reproductive traitsILRI
Presented by Aynalem Haile and Mourad Rekik (ICARDA) at the EIAR-DBARC-ICARDA-ILRI (LIVES)-FAO Training Workshop on Reproduction in Sheep and Goat, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 13-15 October 2014
Biodiversity, resource base, animal breed level characterization, and utility...ILRI
Presented by Tadelle Dessie (ILRI) at the ILRI-ICARDA Training Course on Methods and approaches of Phenotypic characterization of Animal Genetic Resources (Goats), Addis Ababa, 20-21 December 2012
It is as per the syllabus of M.Sc. NRM including detailed study of population ecology
It describes the meaning of population with respect to ecology and includes population attributes, dynamics, dispersal, Population growth models, survivorship curves and limitations.
It also entails factors that influence and regulate population growth on the basis of density.
It is as per the syllabus of M.Sc. NRM including detailed study of population ecology
It describes the meaning of population with respect to ecology and includes population attributes, dynamics, dispersal, Population growth models, survivorship curves and limitations.
It also entails factors that influence and regulate population growth on the basis of density.
Genetic basis and improvement of reproductive traitsILRI
Presented by Aynalem Haile and Mourad Rekik (ICARDA) at the EIAR-DBARC-ICARDA-ILRI (LIVES)-FAO Training Workshop on Reproduction in Sheep and Goat, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 13-15 October 2014
Biodiversity, resource base, animal breed level characterization, and utility...ILRI
Presented by Tadelle Dessie (ILRI) at the ILRI-ICARDA Training Course on Methods and approaches of Phenotypic characterization of Animal Genetic Resources (Goats), Addis Ababa, 20-21 December 2012
It is as per the syllabus of M.Sc. NRM including detailed study of population ecology
It describes the meaning of population with respect to ecology and includes population attributes, dynamics, dispersal, Population growth models, survivorship curves and limitations.
It also entails factors that influence and regulate population growth on the basis of density.
It is as per the syllabus of M.Sc. NRM including detailed study of population ecology
It describes the meaning of population with respect to ecology and includes population attributes, dynamics, dispersal, Population growth models, survivorship curves and limitations.
It also entails factors that influence and regulate population growth on the basis of density.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
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Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
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2. Changes to
population size
• Adding & removing individuals
from a population
• birth
• death
• immigration
• emigration
2005-2006
3. Growth rate
• Exponential growth
• characteristic of a population without limiting factors
• ex. introduced to a new environment
Whooping crane African elephant
coming back from near extinction protected from hunting
2005-2006
4. Carrying capacity
• Can populations continue to grow
exponentially?
• of course NOT!
• what sets limit?
• resources, predators, parasites
• Carrying Capacity (K)
• maximum population
size that environment
can support with no degradation of
habitat
• not fixed; varies with
changes in resources
2005-2006
5. Model of growth
Decrease in rate of growth as reach carrying capacity
2005-2006
6. Different life strategies
• K-selection
• r-selection
K-selection
mortality constant
r-selection
2005-2006
7. Reproductive strategies
• K-strategy
• have few offspring & invest a lot of energy in
raising them to reproductive age
• primates
• coconut
• r-strategy
• have many offspring & invest little in their
survival
• insects
• dandelion & other weeds
2005-2006
9. Age structure
• Relative number of individuals of each age
What do the data imply about population growth in these
countries?
2005-2006
10. Human population
What factors have contributed to this exponential
growth pattern?
2005→6 billion
Is the human
population reaching
carrying capacity?
1650→500 million
2005-2006
17. Trophic structure
• Food chains
• feeding relationships
• food chain usually 4 or 5 links =
trophic levels
• length of food chain limited by
inefficiency of energy transfer
2005-2006
18. Energy transfer
• Energy in
• from the Sun
• captured by autotrophs =
producers (plants)
• Energy through
• food chain
• transfer of energy
from autotrophs to
heterotrophs
(herbivores to carnivores)
• heterotrophs = consumers
• herbivores
• carnivores
2005-2006
20. Pyramids of production
• represent the loss of energy from a food chain
• how much energy is turned into biomass
2005-2006
21. Food webs
• Food chains are hooked
together into food webs
• Who eats whom?
• a species may weave
into web at more than 1
trophic level
• bears
• “there’s always a bigger
fish”
What limits the length of
a food chain? 2005-2006
22. Implications
• Dynamics of energy through ecosystems have
important implications for human populations
• what food would be more ecologically sound?
2005-2006
23. Disturbances
• Most communities are in a state of
change due to disturbances
• fire, weather, human activities, etc.
• not all are negative
2005-2006
25. Different life strategies
• K-selection
• r-selection
K-selection
mortality constant
r-selection
2005-2006
26. Reproductive strategies
• K-strategy
• have few offspring & invest a lot of energy in
raising them to reproductive age
• primates
• coconut
• r-strategy
• have many offspring & invest little in their
survival
• insects
• dandelion & other weeds
2005-2006
28. Age structure
• Relative number of individuals of each age
What do the data imply about population growth in these
countries?
2005-2006
29. Human population
2005→6 billion
What factors have contributed to this exponential
growth pattern?
Is the human
population reaching
carrying capacity?
1650→500 million
2005-2006
36. Trophic structure
• Food chains
• feeding relationships
• food chain usually 4 or 5 links =
trophic levels
• length of food chain limited by
inefficiency of energy transfer
2005-2006
37. Energy transfer
• Energy in
• from the Sun
• captured by autotrophs =
producers (plants)
• Energy through
• food chain
• transfer of energy
from autotrophs to
heterotrophs
(herbivores to carnivores)
• heterotrophs = consumers
• herbivores
• carnivores
2005-2006
39. Pyramids of production
• represent the loss of energy from a food chain
• how much energy is turned into biomass
2005-2006
40. Food webs
• Food chains are hooked
together into food webs
• Who eats whom?
• a species may weave
into web at more than 1
trophic level
• bears
• “there’s always a bigger
fish”
What limits the length of
a food chain? 2005-2006
41. Implications
• Dynamics of energy through ecosystems have
important implications for human populations
• what food would be more ecologically sound?
2005-2006
42. Disturbances
• Most communities are in a state of
change due to disturbances
• fire, weather, human activities, etc.
• not all are negative
2005-2006
44. Ecological cycle
fire as part of a natural community cycle
2005-2006
45. Ecological succession
• The sequence of community changes after a disturbance
• transition in species composition over ecological time
• years or decades
Mt. St. Helens 2005-2006
46. Successionover time
Change in species mix
• From bare soil,
then…
{
• bacteria
make
soil • lichens & mosses
• grasses
• shrubs
• trees
2005-2006
47. Succession
from mosses & lichens
= pioneer species
to shrubs & trees
2005-2006
48. Climax forest
The species mix of
climax forest is
dependent on the
abiotic factors of the
region
solar energy levels
temperature
rainfall
fertility & depth of soil
2005-2006
birch, beech, maple, hemlock
Editor's Notes
The J–shaped curve of exponential growth is characteristic of some populations that are introduced into a new or unfilled environment or whose numbers have been drastically reduced by a catastrophic event and are rebounding. The graph illustrates the exponential population growth that occurred in the population of elephants in Kruger National Park, South Africa, after they were protected from hunting. After approximately 60 years of exponential growth, the large number of elephants had caused enough damage to the park vegetation that a collapse in the elephant food supply was likely, leading to an end to population growth through starvation. To protect other species and the park ecosystem before that happened, park managers began limiting the elephant population by using birth control and exporting elephants to other countries.
The population doubled to 1 billion within the next two centuries, doubled again to 2 billion between 1850 and 1930, and doubled still again by 1975 to more than 4 billion. The global population now numbers over 6 billion people and is increasing by about 73 million each year. The population grows by approximately 201,000 people each day, the equivalent of adding a city the size of Amarillo, Texas, or Madison, Wisconsin. Every week the population increases by the size of San Antonio, Milwaukee, or Indianapolis. It takes only four years for world population growth to add the equivalent of another United States. Population ecologists predict a population of 7.3–8.4 billion people on Earth by the year 2025.
We consume more than just food: water, energy, space/habitat
The population doubled to 1 billion within the next two centuries, doubled again to 2 billion between 1850 and 1930, and doubled still again by 1975 to more than 4 billion. The global population now numbers over 6 billion people and is increasing by about 73 million each year. The population grows by approximately 201,000 people each day, the equivalent of adding a city the size of Amarillo, Texas, or Madison, Wisconsin. Every week the population increases by the size of San Antonio, Milwaukee, or Indianapolis. It takes only four years for world population growth to add the equivalent of another United States. Population ecologists predict a population of 7.3–8.4 billion people on Earth by the year 2025.
We consume more than just food: water, energy, space/habitat