Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds necessary for plant growth and reproduction, plant metabolism and their external supply. In its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal life cycle.
Plant nutrients are the chemical elements that are essential to the nourishment of plant health.
Each plant nutrient performs a crucial role in plant growth and development.
Primary nutrients : are also known as macronutrients and are the ones that are needed the most. Carbon, phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and potassium are the elements.
Secondary nutrients : are required at fewer levels than primary essential nutrients. Calcium, magnesium, and sulphur are the elements.
Micro or trace nutrients : are only necessary for trace amounts compared to primary or secondary nutrients. Boron, chlorine, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum and zinc.
Nitrogen : By impacting the plant’s leaf development, nitrate (the type of nitrogen used by plants) aids in the growth of strong foliage. It also contributes to the green hue of plants by assisting in the formation of chlorophyll.
Phosphorus : Phosphorus is a mineral that aids in the development of roots and blooms. Phosphorus also aids in the resistance of plants to environmental stress and hard winters.
Potassium :Potassium boosts plants, aids early growth, and aids water retention. It also affects disease and pest resistance in the plant.
Sulphur :Sulphur aids plant disease resistance while also aiding plant growth and seed development. Vitamins, enzymes, proteins, and amino acids, are all produced with their help.
Calcium : Calcium is necessary for cell wall formation and development because strong cell walls aid the plant’s resistance to disease. It’s also required for the plant’s metabolism and nitrogen uptake.
Magnesium :Magnesium acts as a phosphorus carrier in plants and is essential for phosphate metabolism. Furthermore, it is also needed for cell division and protein formation, activation of several enzyme systems and is an essential component for plant respiration.
Zinc : activates enzymes that are responsible for the synthesis of certain proteins and excess zinc compete with plant uptake of phosphorus, iron, manganese or copper.
Boron : used with Ca in cell synthesis and essential for cell division, pollination and seed development, helps to transport sugar, tissue development.
Iron : maintenance and synthesis of chlorophyll and RNA metabolism, increases the thickness of the leaf, photosynthesis, N2 fixation and respiration.
Manganese : resistance against diseases, activating over 35 enzymes and tolerance to different environmental stress.
Balanced fertilizer use refers to application of essential plant nutrients in optimum qualities and in right proportional through appropriate method and time of application suited for a specific crop and agronomic situation.
Balanced fertilizer rates differ from area and also from crop to crop.Soil testing is one of the most important
These slides are all about Plant density and Crop geometry. According to the definitions and their importance. Also, the factors affecting plant density.
Soil-less cultivation is a new advanced method for improving cultivation of different vegetable crops. It is a method of growing vegetables without the using soil as a rooting medium, in which the inorganic nutrients absorbed by the roots are supplied through irrigation water. It includes hydroponics, aeroponics and aquaponics. Hydroponics is the growing of vegetables in a fed with a solution containing a mixture of macro and micro-nutrients. Aquaponics is the technique in which, aquatic animals such as snails, fish, crayfish, prawns, etc., are grown in tanks with combination of hydroponics with vegetables are grown in water in a symbiotic environment. In aeroponics system, sealed root chamber is used as reservoir for nutrient solution where the plants above the reservoir cover with polystyrene/other material. It must be supported or hanged through holes in the expanded cover and are misted with nutrient solution to keep it always moist. Soil- less cultivation has been followed in number of vegetables such as, tomato, chilli, brinjal, green bean, bell pepper, cauliflower, cucumber, melons, radish, onion, lettuce, beet, winged beans, water spinach, spinach, coriander, and so on. Soil-less cultivation helps in early nursery raising and easy management, production of healthy vegetable seedlings free from disease, insects and pest. It has various benefits like; year-round production and off season, higher productivity and uniform quality, management of insect-pests, diseases and weeds is easier which helps in more efficient and less use of resources. Soilless culture is rapidly gaining its popularity and get accepted in many countries, especially in commercial vegetable production. Soilless culture could well dominate food production in the future As population increases and cultivable land declines due to poor land management, so people turn towards new technologies like soilless culture. In order to popularize soilless culture, it is very important to provide scientifically proven results for awareness and massive production of vegetable through soilless farming system and with this advanced technologies and techniques involved in soilless vegetable cultivation can be said as next-generation crop science hence, it can open a doorway to establish a new civilization in outer space.
this slide includes recent approaches to evaluate cropping system.
It includes system profitability,relative production efficiency,land use efficienct(LUE),Calculation of LUE,energy efficiency,specific energy,Rotational intensity,Cropping intensity,Multiple cropping index(MCI),Land equivalent ratio (LER),Relative yields total (RYT),Crop equivalent yields (CEY),Relative Spread Index
Integrated Nutrient Management refers to the maintenance of soil fertility and of plant nutrient supply at an optimum level for sustaining the desired productivity through optimization of the benefits from all possible sources of organic, inorganic and biological components in an integrated manner
Integrated nutrient management (INM) involves efficient and judicious use of all the major components of plant nutrient sources for sustaining soil fertility, health and productivity
Integrated approach for plant nutrition is being advocated because single nutrient approach often reduces fertilizer use efficiency and consequently creates problem fertilizers can help in enhancing and maintaining stability in production with least degradation in chemical and physical properties of the soil.
A healthy soil is a living, dynamic ecosystem that performs many vital functions.
A healthy soil produces a healthy feed for consumption. Improved soil health often is indicated by improvement on physical, chemical and microbiological environment.
Introduction of high yielding varieties, irrigation and use of high analysis fertilizer without proper soil tests, accelerated the mining of native soil nutrient resources.
Under intensive cultivation without giving due consideration to nutrient requirement has resulted in decline in soil fertility and consequent productivity of crops
Vegetables are rich source of energy and nutrition.
describes the irrigation and irrigation requirements of different crops. this ppt also describes about different methods to measure the soil moisture availability.
These slides are all about Plant density and Crop geometry. According to the definitions and their importance. Also, the factors affecting plant density.
Soil-less cultivation is a new advanced method for improving cultivation of different vegetable crops. It is a method of growing vegetables without the using soil as a rooting medium, in which the inorganic nutrients absorbed by the roots are supplied through irrigation water. It includes hydroponics, aeroponics and aquaponics. Hydroponics is the growing of vegetables in a fed with a solution containing a mixture of macro and micro-nutrients. Aquaponics is the technique in which, aquatic animals such as snails, fish, crayfish, prawns, etc., are grown in tanks with combination of hydroponics with vegetables are grown in water in a symbiotic environment. In aeroponics system, sealed root chamber is used as reservoir for nutrient solution where the plants above the reservoir cover with polystyrene/other material. It must be supported or hanged through holes in the expanded cover and are misted with nutrient solution to keep it always moist. Soil- less cultivation has been followed in number of vegetables such as, tomato, chilli, brinjal, green bean, bell pepper, cauliflower, cucumber, melons, radish, onion, lettuce, beet, winged beans, water spinach, spinach, coriander, and so on. Soil-less cultivation helps in early nursery raising and easy management, production of healthy vegetable seedlings free from disease, insects and pest. It has various benefits like; year-round production and off season, higher productivity and uniform quality, management of insect-pests, diseases and weeds is easier which helps in more efficient and less use of resources. Soilless culture is rapidly gaining its popularity and get accepted in many countries, especially in commercial vegetable production. Soilless culture could well dominate food production in the future As population increases and cultivable land declines due to poor land management, so people turn towards new technologies like soilless culture. In order to popularize soilless culture, it is very important to provide scientifically proven results for awareness and massive production of vegetable through soilless farming system and with this advanced technologies and techniques involved in soilless vegetable cultivation can be said as next-generation crop science hence, it can open a doorway to establish a new civilization in outer space.
this slide includes recent approaches to evaluate cropping system.
It includes system profitability,relative production efficiency,land use efficienct(LUE),Calculation of LUE,energy efficiency,specific energy,Rotational intensity,Cropping intensity,Multiple cropping index(MCI),Land equivalent ratio (LER),Relative yields total (RYT),Crop equivalent yields (CEY),Relative Spread Index
Integrated Nutrient Management refers to the maintenance of soil fertility and of plant nutrient supply at an optimum level for sustaining the desired productivity through optimization of the benefits from all possible sources of organic, inorganic and biological components in an integrated manner
Integrated nutrient management (INM) involves efficient and judicious use of all the major components of plant nutrient sources for sustaining soil fertility, health and productivity
Integrated approach for plant nutrition is being advocated because single nutrient approach often reduces fertilizer use efficiency and consequently creates problem fertilizers can help in enhancing and maintaining stability in production with least degradation in chemical and physical properties of the soil.
A healthy soil is a living, dynamic ecosystem that performs many vital functions.
A healthy soil produces a healthy feed for consumption. Improved soil health often is indicated by improvement on physical, chemical and microbiological environment.
Introduction of high yielding varieties, irrigation and use of high analysis fertilizer without proper soil tests, accelerated the mining of native soil nutrient resources.
Under intensive cultivation without giving due consideration to nutrient requirement has resulted in decline in soil fertility and consequent productivity of crops
Vegetables are rich source of energy and nutrition.
describes the irrigation and irrigation requirements of different crops. this ppt also describes about different methods to measure the soil moisture availability.
In this presentation you will come to know about the HANDLING OF SEGREGATING GENERATIONS, that is (PEDIGREE METHOD, MASS PEDIGREE METHOD, BULK METHOD, SINGLE SEED DESCENT METHOD).
These slides discuss our recent cultivation of groundnut and its oil extraction. We have organically cultivated groundnut and its yield was better than an average non-organic farming. The procedures are presented in the slides.
An introduction to professional plant nutrition | Haifa GroupHaifa Group
Explore an in-depth agronomic introduction to plant nutrition. Learn about the essential nutrients crops consume, and the specific role of every mineral on the overall plant growth. Haifa Group’s experts are sharing knowledge. Haifa Group’s experts are sharing knowledge.
factor responsible for nutrient in soil and their contribution to soil fertility. importance of soil fertility, processes involved in sustaining soil productivity
Foliar feeding is a technique of feeding plants by applying liquid fertilizer directly to their leaves. Plants are able to absorb essential elements through their leaves. The absorption takes place through their stomata and also through their epidermis.
In this presentation you will come to know about the HANDLING OF SEGREGATING GENERATIONS, that is (PEDIGREE METHOD, MASS PEDIGREE METHOD, BULK METHOD, SINGLE SEED DESCENT METHOD).
These slides discuss our recent cultivation of groundnut and its oil extraction. We have organically cultivated groundnut and its yield was better than an average non-organic farming. The procedures are presented in the slides.
An introduction to professional plant nutrition | Haifa GroupHaifa Group
Explore an in-depth agronomic introduction to plant nutrition. Learn about the essential nutrients crops consume, and the specific role of every mineral on the overall plant growth. Haifa Group’s experts are sharing knowledge. Haifa Group’s experts are sharing knowledge.
factor responsible for nutrient in soil and their contribution to soil fertility. importance of soil fertility, processes involved in sustaining soil productivity
Foliar feeding is a technique of feeding plants by applying liquid fertilizer directly to their leaves. Plants are able to absorb essential elements through their leaves. The absorption takes place through their stomata and also through their epidermis.
In this lesson, we will dive into the essential topic of fertilizer and nutrient management for successful tomato cultivation in Tanzania. Understanding the nutritional requirements of tomato plants, the types of fertilizers available, and proper soil testing techniques will help you optimize plant health and achieve high yields.
essential plant nutrient ,its classification, different form of nutrients some more about the nutrient ,plant nutrient ,essential plant nutrient and its introduction and detailed about the potassium element its function ,deficiency and chemical fertilizer and cultural method used and potassium cycle and the factors which affect the potassium ion in the soil .
Definition and introduction of fertilizer use efficiency , Causes for Low and Declining Crop Response to Fertilizers and FUE.Methods to increase fertilizer use efficiency.
This lesson helps the learners to develop their reasoning skills and this will help the learners in creating business plan .Educating the learners is one ways to upholds the credibility of the learners with this we can easily create a business plan.
Explains the role of every nutrients added to Plant tissue culture media and its importance. It also introduces the very well known media used for growing plants
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...
plant nutrition, their role and deficiency symptoms - balanced nutririon.pptx
1. TITLE :
PLANT NUTRIENTS, THEIR ROLE AND
DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS-BALANCED
NUTRITION
PRESENTED BY : AMANPREET KAUR SOHI
2. PLANT NUTRIENTS
• Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical
elements and compounds necessary for plant growth and
reproduction, plant metabolism and their external supply.
In its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal
life cycle.
• Plant nutrients are the chemical elements that are
essential to the nourishment of plant health.
• Each plant nutrient performs a crucial role in plant
growth and development.
3. TYPES OF NUTRIENTS
• Primary nutrients : are also known as macronutrients
and are the ones that are needed the most. Carbon,
phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and potassium
are the elements.
• Secondary nutrients : are required at fewer levels than
primary essential nutrients. Calcium, magnesium, and
sulphur are the elements.
• Micro or trace nutrients : are only necessary for trace
amounts compared to primary or secondary nutrients.
Boron, chlorine, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum
and zinc.
4. PRIMARY NUTRIENTS
• Nitrogen : By impacting the plant’s leaf development,
nitrate (the type of nitrogen used by plants) aids in the
growth of strong foliage. It also contributes to the
green hue of plants by assisting in the formation of
chlorophyll.
• Phosphorus : Phosphorus is a mineral that aids in the
development of roots and blooms. Phosphorus also aids
in the resistance of plants to environmental stress and
hard winters.
• Potassium :Potassium boosts plants, aids early growth,
and aids water retention. It also affects disease and pest
resistance in the plant.
5. SECONDARY NUTRIENTS
• Sulphur :Sulphur aids plant disease resistance while also
aiding plant growth and seed development. Vitamins,
enzymes, proteins, and amino acids, are all produced with
their help.
• Calcium : Calcium is necessary for cell wall formation and
development because strong cell walls aid the plant’s
resistance to disease. It’s also required for the plant’s
metabolism and nitrogen uptake.
• Magnesium :Magnesium acts as a phosphorus carrier in
plants and is essential for phosphate metabolism.
Furthermore, it is also needed for cell division and protein
formation, activation of several enzyme systems and is an
essential component for plant respiration.
6. MICRO OR TRACE
NUTRIENTS
• Zinc : activates enzymes that are responsible for the
synthesis of certain proteins and excess zinc compete
with plant uptake of phosphorus, iron, manganese or
copper.
• Boron : used with Ca in cell synthesis and essential for
cell division, pollination and seed development, helps to
transport sugar, tissue development.
• Iron : maintenance and synthesis of chlorophyll and
RNA metabolism, increases the thickness of the leaf,
photosynthesis, N2 fixation and respiration.
• Manganese : resistance against diseases, activating over
35 enzymes and tolerance to different environmental
stress.
8. BALANCED NUTRITION
• Balanced fertilizer use refers to application of
essential plant nutrients in optimum qualities and in
right proportional through appropriate method and
time of application suited for a specific crop and
agronomic situation.
• Balanced fertilizer rates differ from area and also from
crop to crop. Soil testing is one of the most important
tools to practice balanced fertilization.
9. AIMS OF BALANCED FERTILIZATION
• Increasing crop yield
• Improving quality of the produce
• Increasing farm income
• Correction of soil nutrient deficiencies
• Improving soil fertility
• Reduces environmental hazards
10. 4 ‘R’PRINCIPLE IN BALANCED
NUTRITION :
• Right product :
• (a)matches fertilizers type to crop needs.
• (b)Different crop species have different nutrient
requirements and there is wide range of
fertilizers with different profiles to meet these.
Product selection takes into account the needs of
a particular crop, climate amd soil properties,
economic considerations and method of
application
11. • Right rate :
• (a) Matches amount of fertilizers type crop needs.
• (b) Understanding the nutrient needs of a crop
throughout its growth cycle is the first step to
calculating a suitable fertilizer application rate.
• (c) An excess of nutrients will lead to
environmental losses, while an insufficiency will
limit crop yield.
12. • Right time :
• (a) makes nutrients available
when crops needs them.
• (b) for optimum yields, sufficient nutrients need to
be accessible to a crop as it moves through its
various growth stages. But if a nutrient is present in
the soil for an extended period prior to crop uptake,
it may move outside the root zone or be converted
into a less plant-available form.
• (c) the best timing for fertilizer application is
therefore based on consideration of the timing of
crop uptake, the dynamics of the soil nutrient supply
and the release rates of specific products.
13. • Right place :
• (a) Keep nutrients where
crops can use them.
• (b) A plant’s full genetic potential is only
achieved when the soil structure allows its roots
to grow and exploit the maximum soil volume.
• (c) A good soil structure ensures the right
proportion of voids of different sizes for good
rooting conditions and improves the roots
ability to locate nutrients.
• (d) With nutrients in the right location within
the soil, crops have the best access to them.
