The term pit and fissure sealant is used to describe a material that is introduced into the occlusal pits and fissures of caries susceptible teeth, thus forming a micromechanically bonded, protective layer cutting access of caries-producing bacteria from their source of nutrients.
The term pit and fissure sealant is used to describe a material that is introduced into the occlusal pits and fissures of caries susceptible teeth, thus forming a micromechanically bonded, protective layer cutting access of caries-producing bacteria from their source of nutrients.
Tooth hypersensitivity is a common problem encountered in everyday life and clinical practice. This presentation clearly shows causes, methods of prevention and treatment in such cases.
This presentation features the various measures which can be undertaken to prevent pit and fissure caries to develop i an otherwise healthy oral environment. The use of pit and fissure sealants is emphasised in case of deep pits and fissures.
Due to the complex morphology of the root canal system in primary teeth, the clinician must rely primarily on chemical cleansing and sterilization and secondarily on mechanical instrumentation during pulpectomy procedure.
And in order to increase the chance of success of the endodontic treatment, substances with antimicrobial properties are frequently used as root canal filling materials in deciduous teeth
Tooth hypersensitivity is a common problem encountered in everyday life and clinical practice. This presentation clearly shows causes, methods of prevention and treatment in such cases.
This presentation features the various measures which can be undertaken to prevent pit and fissure caries to develop i an otherwise healthy oral environment. The use of pit and fissure sealants is emphasised in case of deep pits and fissures.
Due to the complex morphology of the root canal system in primary teeth, the clinician must rely primarily on chemical cleansing and sterilization and secondarily on mechanical instrumentation during pulpectomy procedure.
And in order to increase the chance of success of the endodontic treatment, substances with antimicrobial properties are frequently used as root canal filling materials in deciduous teeth
11th publication - Dr Rahul VC Tiwari - Department of oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu,Guntur, Andhra Pradesh - 522509. QUEST JOURNALST
History and Selection of Pit and Fissure Sealents – A Review.QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Two strategies for fluoroprophylaxis have been proposed: the first is the systemic fluoroprophylaxis which is especially effective in averting interproximal caries, however it doesn't frame a satisfactory defensive obstruction on the occlusal surfaces; the other is the topical use of a fluoride gel to the tooth surface, in spite of the fact that this second strategy does not fundamentally diminish the frequency of caries. The viability of the fixing methods relies on upon the right application procedure. Watching an agent convention will guarantee a more extended enduring maintenance of the sealant on the occlusal surface and in this manner drags out the security against caries. This review gives the in and out details about pit and fissure sealents.
Pediatric and a periodontal dental treatment - deccan multispecialitydeccanmultispecialit
We Offers excellent services for pediatric & periodental dentists in Pune. We established ourselves as one of the leading dentists for child dental care.
preventive and interceptive for general practitioners.docxDr.Mohammed Alruby
Scope of orthodontics
for general practitioner
Prepared by
Dr. M Alruby
Orthodontics: is a branch of science and art of dentistry dealing with prevention, interception, and correction of positional and dimensional dentofacial abnormalities.
Orthodontic treatment could be divided as follow:
1- Preventive orthodontic treatment.
2- Interceptive orthodontic treatment.
3- Corrective orthodontic treatment. a) Early corrective. b) late corrective.
4- Post. Treatment maintenance or retentive and follow up.
Preventive orthodontics:
It is defined as that phase of orthodontics employed to recognize and eliminate potential irregularities and malposition in the developing dentofacial complex. It is directed toward improving environmental conditions to permit future normal development
N: B: the child as a patient: children will accept orthodontic treatment if the purpose for treatment is explained in a simple terms that they can understand. Information concerning treatment aims and procedures should be given to the child without hesitation and under authority; neither gives him a great attention nor neglect him. Be familiar with the child and give him some sympathy.
Most children at preadolescent age are ready to accept orthodontic treatment if the orthodontist was able to establish a sympathetic relationship with the child. The child must not force to treatment but it is better to postpone treatment until the child feels the needs for treatment.
The adolescent patients: the 15 years old patient frequently consider himself as a man and must has a special management. Adolescent patient may deny that his teeth need correction and warning of the appliances. It is very important to know whether the patient came to the office alone, with friends or forced by his parents.
Preventive orthodontics is a long range approach and it is largely a responsibility of the general dentist. Many of the procedures are common in preventive and interceptive orthodontics but the timing are different.
Preventive procedures are undertaken in anticipation of development of a problem. Interception procedures are undertaken when the problem has already manifested. For extraction of supernumerary teeth before they cause displacement of other teeth is a preventive procedure, while their extraction after the signs of malocclusion have appeared is an interceptive procedure.
Preventive procedures:
A- Pre-dental preventive procedure ( parents education):
Instruct the mother to feed her baby from breast and if the baby to be feed by a bottle, the nipple should be long enough to rest on the anterior third of the tongue. It also should contain a small side opening instead of single large end hole, this allows the milk to flow on the dorsum of the tongue and prevent it from being squeezed directly into the pharynx, by this method the tongue is allowed to function properly during swallowing which is very important in general growth of the jaws, al
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
3. A thin plastic coating placed in the pit and fissures
of the teeth to act as
a physical barrier
to decay.
As a way to prevent caries and protect the
tooth .
strategy based on assessment of caries risk
include application of fluoride varnish, education, nutritional
counselling and regular clinical review
4. The molar teeth have many fissures and pits, which
can be very difficult to keep clean.
These are the sites most susceptible to developing
decay
5. resin-based sealants :
o May or may not contain filler particles or fluoride.
o The setting reaction can be automatic(auto-
polymerised) or light activated (light-
polymerised). .
o Low viscosity resin-based RM (flowable
composite) have also been used as fissure sealant.
o retention rates 2%–80% better than the GIC
sealants.
6. glass ionomer sealants :
o can adhere directly to tooth substance.
o release fluoride over time.
o Less sensitive to moisture contamination than
resin-based materials.
o Retention is a major problem with GIC
sealants, but if this concern can be resolved, there
maybe advantages to the GIC sealants through the
release of fluoride.
7.
8.
9. Sealants are able to:
o prevent pit and fissure caries initiation .
o arrest caries progression by providing a physical
barrier that inhibits micro-organisms and food
particles from collecting in pits and fissures.
the effectiveness of sealants decreased over time and
was higher in populations exposed to fluoridated
water.
10. o type of sealant material
o placement technique
o retention of sealant
o cooperation of patient
o follow-up time
o the content of fluoride in the drinking water
o dietary, oral hygiene
o the socioeconomic factors
11.
12. all permanent molar teeth without cavitation
(i.e., free of caries or incipient caries).
early (non- cavitated) carious lesions in children,
adolescents and young adults to reduce the
percentage of lesions that progress (Griffin et al. 2008).
teeth that have deep and narrow pit and fissure
morphology (the caries risk is increased because of
difficulties to clean the tooth).
teeth with stained grooves
13. on the primary molars of children who are
susceptible to caries (i.e., high caries risk).
Sealants should be placed on first and second
permanent molar teeth within 4 years after
eruption.
14. Sealants should not be placed on partially
erupted (i.e., once there is gingival tissue on
the crown)
Teeth with cavitation or caries of the dentin
15.
16. the most important teeth for sealant
application are the first and second
permanent molar teeth.
Other teeth, such as premolars, third molars or the
palatal surfaces of incisor teeth, may be considered
for sealant application, based on:
o caries risk status.
o and assessment of the tooth surface.
17. 1. Child with occlusal caries on one of the first
permanent molar.
Seal the remaining sound first permanent molars.
2. Occlusal caries affecting one or more first
permanent molars
Need to seal the second permanent molar as soon as
they have erupted sufficiently.
3. Tooth should be sealed within 2 years of eruption.
18. for some children, such as those with medical or
other conditions where the development of
caries or its treatment could put the child’s general
health at risk, sealing primary molar teeth should
be considered as part of a comprehensive caries-
preventive program .
19.
20. Teeth should be clean, dry and well-illuminated for
visual assessment.
A probe should not be used to explore pits or
fissures
((Forceful use of a probe can damage tooth surfaces))
Radiographs should not be taken for the sole
purpose of placing sealants.
Other diagnostic technologies are not necessary for
the sole purpose of placing sealants.
21.
22. The results indicated that teeth with fully or
partially lost sealant are not at higher risk of
developing caries than teeth that were never seal
in order to reduce the possibility of formerly
sealed teeth returning to their original risk status,
sealants need to be maintained.
answer be yes just if :
This is particularly
true for children who have sealants applied to
teeth with demineralised enamel or suspicious
lesions.
23.
24. as soon as the tooth is sufficiently
erupted to be isolated.
Time of eruption:
first permanent molars :
o 6.0–6.3 years for girls
o 6.3–6.5 years for boys
second permanent molars:
o 11.5–12.3 years for girls
o 11.8–12.4 for boys
25.
26. patients are not at risk of exposure to BPA from
the use of dental sealants, but recommended
precautionary measures to reduce potential exposure
to BPA from dental sealants which include:
rinsing the surface of the cured material for 30
seconds with water while using effective suction;
getting the patient to rinse for 30 seconds and
spit out after the procedure; removing the
surfaceresidual monomer layer with pumice on a
cotton pellet or a prophy cup.
27.
28. the placement of sealants should be on
permanent molar teeth as both cost-effective
and efficacious in the prevention of caries.
the supporting evidence of the placement of
sealants on primary molars is more limited.
29.
30.
31.
32. the recall interval for high caries risk children
should not exceed 12 months.
if isolation has been difficult to achieve or the
sealant has been applied over a suspicious
lesion, recall within 6 months.
33.
34. In a randomized trial (Bravo et al. 2005), after nine
years, caries reduction was:
65.4% (SE=8.5%) for sealants
27.3% (SE=10.2%) for varnish
Furthermore, the varnish programe was not
effective during the discontinuation period.
35.
36. by isolation of the teeth.
application of bonding agents ((use of
flowable resin, following phosphoric acid
gels))
37.
38. it is very important to adequately isolate the teeth
because the salivary contamination is the major
cause of loss of sealants in the first year.
Just remember
Isolate the tooth to be sealed with either a
dental dam or cotton wool rolls/isolation
shields combined with effective aspiration
39.
40. (1) age
(2) dmft
(3) no fluoride
(4) operator
47. Sealant retention should be checked with a probe
after polymerisation to ensure that all fissures are
completely sealed.
If any material is dislodged, the sealant should be
reapplied after re-cleaning (if necessary.
Editor's Notes
Resin-based sealants are basedon acrylic (methacrylate), may or may not contain filler particles or fluoride, and the setting reactioncan be automatic (auto-polymerised) or light activated (light-polymerised). Low-viscosity resin-basedrestorative materials (flowable composites) have also been used as fissure sealants.Glassionomer sealants have evolved from glass ionomer cements, which can adhere directly to toothsubstance.15 Glass ionomer materials release fluoride over time and have the advantage of being lesssensitive to moisture contamination than resin-based materials, making them a potential alternative toresin-based sealants when moisture control is an issue
Glassionomer sealants have evolved from glass ionomer cements, which can adhere directly to toothsubstance.15 Glass ionomer materials release fluoride over time and have the advantage of being lesssensitive to moisture contamination than resin-based materials, making them a potential alternative toresin-based sealants when moisture control is an issue
the impact of fissure sealants alone onreducing caries is likely to be less for primary teeth than for permanent teeth.
careful visual assessment of the tooth was appropriate for assessingthe need for sealants, and also that existing radiographs, if recent, should be consulted before sealantapplication. Additional caries detection tools should only be considered when there is concern thatcaries might extend into dentine.