This document discusses various techniques used to characterize drug nanocarriers, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), zeta potential, microscopy methods, and porosimetry. These techniques are used to determine properties like particle size, shape, crystallinity, surface charge, and pore structure. Nanocarriers offer advantages over traditional drug delivery like improved stability and ability to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. Their characterization is important to understand properties affecting pharmacokinetics and drug release.