Nanomaterials have potential to help mitigate pollution and climate change through various applications. They can efficiently capture carbon dioxide from air and toxic pollutants from water, and degrade waste into useful products. Some examples include nano-scale CO2 harvesters that convert carbon dioxide into fuels and chemicals using sunlight, and highly permeable carbon capture membranes that more efficiently separate carbon dioxide from power plant exhaust. However, nanomaterials must become more economical and replace existing technologies completely to be fully implemented. Overall, continued research into novel graphene and biocatalytic nanomaterials may lead to more effective carbon capture and storage solutions.

1. PHY1901 - Introduction to Innovative Projects

2. 2
Nanomaterials that Could fight
environmental
Change and Reduce Pollution by converting it in
sustainable way
Or Alternative Way
28-04-2021

3. REVIEW 1

4. INTRODUCTION

5. INTRODUCTION
The list of environmental problems that the world faces may be huge, but some strategies for solving
them are remarkably small.
Nanoscience is the study of the fundamental principles of molecules and structures with at least one dimension
between 1 and 100 nanometers
Nanotechnology has the potential to change our standard of life.
Scientists across the globe are developing nanomaterials that can efficiently use carbon dioxide from the
air, capture toxic pollutants from water and degrade solid waste into useful products.
Nanomaterials could help us mitigate pollution.
They are efficient catalysts and mostly
recyclable. Now, they have to become
economical for commercialization and better to
replace present-day technologies completely
Nanomaterials have been widely studied for removing heavy metals and dyes from wastewater

6. INTRODUCTION
Nanotechnology is also reducing emissions elsewhere in the oil industry: for instance,
molybdenumdisulphide nanocrystals are used as catalysts to remove potentially harmful
sulphur compounds from crude oil
INTRODUCTION
Nanotechnology is also reducing emissions elsewhere in the oil industry: for instance, molybdenum
disulphide nanocrystals are used as catalysts to remove potentially harmful Sulphur compounds from
crude oil
Solutions in responding to climate change, namely nanotechnology, ocean energy and forestry
For example, larger more efficient wind turbines are only possible today because carbon
nanotubes are used in their blades, which reduce weight and increase tensile strength
allowing them to be made larger and break under their own weight.

7. Climate Change
Climate change is a long-term change in the average weather patterns that have come to define
Earth’s local, regional and global climates. These changes have a broad range of observed effects.
Scientists use observations from the ground, air and space,
along with theoretical models, to monitor and study past,
present and future climate change
Earth’s climate has constantly been changing even
long before humans came into the picture
When the whole Earth’s temperature changes by one
or two degrees, that change can have big impacts on
the health of Earth's plants and animals, too.
As the earth’s atmosphere heats up, it collects, retains, and drops more water, changing
weather patterns and making wet areas wetter and dry areas drier. Higher temperatures worsen
and increase the frequency of many types of disasters, including storms, floods, heat waves,
and droughts

8. CAUSES

9. All those gases are in the air, and when sunlight gets into the earth’s atmosphere, some of the heat gets
trapped, and the planet gets warmer That’s why they call it the “Greenhouse Effect”
GREEN HOUSE EFFECT
The quantity of greenhouse gases is increasing as fossil fuels are
burned, releasing the gases and other air pollutants into the atmosphere
INTRESTING FACT:
Without the greenhouse effect the Earth's average global temperature would be much colder and life on Earth as
we know it would be impossible.
Greenhouse gases include water vapor, CO2, methane, nitrous oxide
(N2O) and other gases. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse
gases turn like a blanket, gripping Infra-Red radiation and preventing it
from escaping into outer space
The ability of certain gases, greenhouse gases, to be transparent
to inbound visible light from the sun, yet opaque to the energy
radiated from the earth is one of the best still events in the
atmospheric sciences

10. Global warming is the long-term heating of Earth’s climate system observed since the pre-industrial
period (between 1850 and 1900) due to human activities, primarily fossil fuel burning, which
increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth’s atmosphere
GLOBAL WARMING
The pre-industrial period, human activities are estimated
to have increased Earth’s global average temperature by
about 1 degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit), a
number that is currently increasing by 0.2 degrees Celsius
(0.36 degrees Fahrenheit) per decade
The WHO(World Health Organization) says that after 2100 the
Earths temperature is 2 It is ok and earth can be stable but the
Earth’s temperature will rise to 1.5 within 2030 so It’s a difficult
job to perform.

11. Water bodies like lake, river, ocean and ground water get contaminated due to discharge of pollutants in the water
bodies without any treatment to remove harmful compounds.
Water pollution adversely affects not only aquatic plants and animals but it also affects human beings and
ecosystems.
Causes of Water Pollution
Water pollution is caused due to several reasons. The few major causes of water pollution:
Sewage And Waste Water: Sewage, garbage and liquid waste of households, agricultural
lands and factories are discharged into lakes and rivers.
Dumping: Dumping of solid wastes and litters in water bodies causes huge problems. Litters
include glass, plastic, aluminum etc. Different things take different amount of time to degrade
in water. They affect aquatic plants and animals.
Industrial Waste: Industrial waste contains pollutants like asbestos, lead, mercury and
petrochemicals which are extremely harmful to both people and environment. Industrial waste
is discharged into lakes and rivers by using fresh water making the water contaminated.
Water pollution

12. Oil Pollution: Sea water gets polluted due to oil spilled from ships and tankers while
traveling. The spilled oil does not dissolve in water and forms a thick sludge polluting
the water.
Acid Rain: Acid rain is pollution of water caused by air
pollution. When the acidic particles caused by air pollution
in the atmosphere mix with water vapor, it results in acid rain.
Global Warming: Due to global warming, there is an
increase in water temperature. This increase in temperature
results in death of aquatic plants and animals. This also
results in bleaching of coral reefs in water.
Eutrophication: Eutrophication is an increased level of nutrients in
water bodies. This results in bloom of algae in water. It also depletes the oxygen in
water, which negatively affects fish and other aquatic animal population.

13. SOLUTION

14. 2 ways to stop CLIMATE CHANGE
REDUCE
ALTERNATIVE
01
02
Nanotechnology also helps in
manufacturing eco-friendly
materials by replacing currently
used toxic materials so that the
industries and others can be
reduced
By methods in order to
reduce green house
gas in air

15. HARVESTING CO2
The way is that is nanoCO2 harvesters that can suck atmospheric carbon dioxide and deploy it
for industrial purposes.
Nanomaterials can convert carbon dioxide into useful products
like alcohol. The materials could be simple chemical catalysts or
photochemical in nature that work in the presence of sunlight.
A nanoCO2 harvester that uses water and sunlight to convert
atmospheric CO2 into methanol, which can be employed as an
engine fuel, a solvent, an antifreeze agent and a diluent of
ethanol
The efficiency of such materials can be improved further, providing hope for
useful application in the future.
Due to their small size, the nanoparticles have a
tendency to clump up, making them inactive with
prolonged use

16. A new, highly permeable carbon capture membrane developed by scientists from the U.S.
It could lead to more efficient ways of separating carbon dioxide
from power plant exhaust, preventing the greenhouse gas from
entering the atmosphere and contributing to climate change
NANO SPONGES
The researchers focused on a hybrid membrane that is part
polymer and part metal-organic framework, which is a porous
three-dimensional crystal with a large internal surface area that
can absorb enormous quantities of molecules.
This is the first hybrid polymer-MOF membrane to have
these dual transport pathways, and it could be a big step
toward more competitive carbon capture processes

17. Novel graphene-based
nanomaterials
There are many more methods like
Biocatalytic nanoparticle membrane contactor
for CO2 removal
TiO2 functionalized biocatalytic nanoparticle and
membrane
ALERNATIVE WAYS LIKE:
Forests and agricultural lands
Demonstration of underground carbon dioxide storage
Fuel Gems
Clime works

18. PLAN OF
ACTION

19. PLAN OF ACTION
Studying and acquiring deep knowledge about nano particles and their
uses reducing global warming.
Doing simulation and analyze the cause and effect of them