CfA Postdoc Symposium, Harvard CfA, Cambridge, USA, October 7, 2016, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13699069

1. Ashkbiz DanehkarAshkbiz Danehkar
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for AstrophysicsHarvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
ashkbiz.danehkar@cfa.harvard.eduashkbiz.danehkar@cfa.harvard.edu
October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium, Phillips Auditorium, Harvard/CfA/SAO, Cambridge , MA
In collaborations with: Julia Lee (Harvard), Mike Nowak (MIT),In collaborations with: Julia Lee (Harvard), Mike Nowak (MIT),
Randall Smith (SAO), Gerard Kriss (STSI) and et al.Randall Smith (SAO), Gerard Kriss (STSI) and et al.
Photoionization ModelingPhotoionization Modeling
of Warm Absorbing Outflowsof Warm Absorbing Outflows
in Active Galactic Nucleiin Active Galactic Nuclei
PG 1211+143

2. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 2
Outline
● Introduction
– Active Galactic Nuclei Unified Model
– Ionized X-ray Absorbers in AGNs of Seyfert I Galaxies
● X-ray Ionized Absorbers
– Warm Absorbers (WAs) and Ultra-fast Outflows (UFOs)
● Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
● Absorber Density Profile
● Unification of WAs and UFOs
● Conclusion

3. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 3
IntroductionIntroduction
AGN Unified Model (radio-loud & -quiet AGN, Seyfert I & II Galaxies)
Beckmann & Shrader 2012,
Active Galactic Nuclei
Unified Models for AFNs
Antonucci, ARA&A, 1993, 31, 473
Unified Schemes for AGNs
Megan Urry & Padovani, 1995, PASP, 107, 803
Fanaroff–Riley
class I
Fanaroff–Riley
class II

4. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 4
Ionized X-ray Absorbers in AGNs of Seyfert I Galaxies
IntroductionIntroduction
Warm
Absorbers
Beckmann & Shrader 2012
(bbody + powerlaw + ∑ emis) x ∏ abs
Hot Corona
K-shell Iron
Disk
Black-body PG 1211+143

5. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 5
X-ray Ionized AbsorbersX-ray Ionized Absorbers
● Ultra-fast Outflows (UFOs):
– Highly Ionized absorption lines
(primarily H-like & He-like Fe)
with Velocity > 10,000 km/s (0.03c)
– high velocity ~ 0.1– 0.4c
(Pounds + 2003, Cappi 2006, Braito + 2007)
– Recently observed in 30% of
radio-quiet and -loud AGNs
(Tombest + 2010,2011,2012,2014)
● “Warm” Absorbers (WAs):
– Ionized absorption lines (primarily
H-like & He-like O, Ne, Mg, Si, S) with
Velocity < 10,000 km/s (0.03c)
– Observed in 50% of Seyfert I galaxies
(Reynold & Fabian 1995, Reynold 1997, George + 1998)
PG 1211+143

6. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 6
● XSTARDB & XSTAR2XSPEC
● Parallelization with MPI_XSTAR github.com/xstarkit/mpi_xstar
● Physical Conditions (free parameters):
– Column density (NH)
– Ionization parameter (ξ)
– Number density (n)
– Ionizing SED (Radio+UV+Opt+X-ray)
Photoionization Modeling of Ionized AbsorbersPhotoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
● Photo-emission, Ionized absorption
XSTAR (Kallman + 1996, 2004) or CLOUDY (Ferland + 1998)
(bbody + powerlaw + ∑ photemis) x ∏ warmabs
PG 1211+143

7. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 7
The Quasar PG 1211+143The Quasar PG 1211+143
Warm Absorber at -0.06c
but further analysis needed
PG 1211+143 Chandra Observations (PI J.C. Lee)
PG 1211+143

8. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 8
Ionization
parameter
Photoionization Modeling of Ionized AbsorbersPhotoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman + 1996, 2004)
Gas
density
Luminosity
(0.0136-13.6 keV)
Radius
Column
density
Shell
thickness
Outflow
velocity
BH
mass
King & Pounds 2015; XMM-Newton & Suzaku (42 radio-quiet, Tombesi et al 2011; 51 AGN, Gofford et al. 2013)

9. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 9
● Absorption Measure Distribution (AMD): similar to Emission Measure Distribution (EMD)
Absorber Density ProfileAbsorber Density Profile
Tombesi + 2013
n(r) ~ r -1.4 density profile
Behar 2009

10. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 10
Unification of UFOs and WAs
Unification of X-ray Ionized AbsorbersUnification of X-ray Ionized Absorbers
Tombesi + 2013

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SummarySummary
● Seyfert I galaxies
– WAs: X-ray absorption lines in soft excess (mainly H-like & He-like O,
Ne, Mg, Si & S ions) with low velocity < 10,000 km/s
– UFOs: X-ray highly ionized absorption line (mainly H-like & He-like
Fe) with high velocity higher than 10,000 km/s ~ 0.1– 0.4c
● Photoionization Code XSTAR (XSTAR Grids, xstardb)
– Physical Conditions: ionization parameters,
column density, & gas density
● Absorber Density Profile: n(r) ~ r -1.4
● Unification of X-ray Ionized Absorbers:
UFOs + WAs ?

12. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 12
Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention

13. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 13
● XSTAR Grids
– log(NH) = 18 … 25 cm-2
– log(ξ) = -3 … 5
– log(n) = 12 cm-3
– Vturb = fix (100 … 1000 km/s)
– Abundances = const. (solar)
● XSTAR2TABLE, XSTAR2XSPEC
● PVM_XSTAR (Noble et al 2009)
– Parallel Virtual Machine
● MPI_XSTAR
– Message Passing Interface
● xout_mtable.fits: absorption spectrum
● xout_ain.fits: emission spectrum
Photoionization Modeling of Ionized AbsorbersPhotoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
(bbody + powerlaw + ∑ emis) x ∏ abs
● xo01_detail.fits (pops.fits)
● xstardb in isis
– log(NH) = variable (18 … 25 cm-2)
– log(ξ) = variable (-3 … 5)
– log(n) = variable (11-14 cm-3)
– Vturb = variable
– Abundances = variables
● photemis() & warmabs()
Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman et al 1996, 2004)
(bbody + powerlaw + ∑ photemis) x ∏ warmabs
● PModel: PVM-based parallelization of ISIS models
(bbody+powerlaw)*pm_mult(1,warmabs(1),warmabs(2))

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Ionization
parameter
Photoionization Modeling of Ionized AbsorbersPhotoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman et al 1996, 2004)
Gas
density
Luminosity
(0.0136-13.6 keV)
Radius
Column
density
Shell
thickness
Outflow
velocity
BH
mass(Haring & Rix 2004)
σ = 4.4
(Kormendy & Ho 2013)
King & Pounds 2015; XMM-Newton & Suzaku (Tombesi et al 2011; Gofford et al. 2013)

15. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 15
X-ray Ionized AbsorbersX-ray Ionized Absorbers
Cappi 2006