This document provides an overview of Philippine mythology and the diverse gods and goddesses that were worshipped across different regions prior to Spanish colonization. It describes the supreme god Bathala and other first, second, and third generation deities. It also outlines harmful Tagalog dieties and shares many gods and goddesses of specific regions, including Visayan, Bicolano, Hiligaynon, and Mindanao traditions. Philippine mythology was primarily passed down orally and centered around explaining nature and the roles of deities, heroes, and mythological creatures.

3. HOW DID
PHILIPPINE
MYTHOLOGY
BEGIN?

4. ANITISM
-simply referred as Philippine
mythology or indigenous Philippine
ANCESTRAL RELIGIONS.
- body of myths, tales and
superstitions held by Filipinos mostly
originating from beliefs held during pre-
Hispanic era.

5. Philippine myth is incorporated from
various sources, having similarities with
Indonesian and Malay myths, as well as
Hindu, Muslim, Shinto, Buddhist and
Christian traditions, such as the notion
of heaven (kaluwalhatian, kalangitan,
kamurawayan, etc.), hell (kasamaan,
sulad, etc.) and the human sould
(kaluluwa, kaulolan, etc.)

6. Philippine mythology attempts
to explain the nature of the
world through the lives and
actions of dieties (called anitos
in the north and diwatas in the
south), heroes and
mythological creatures.

7. The majority of the myths were
passed on through oral tradition and
preserved through the aid of
community spiritual leaders or
shamans (babaylan, katalonan,
mumbaki, baglan, machanitu, walian,
mangubat, bahasa etc.) and
community elders.

8. THE STORY
OF CREATION
(TAGALOG)

9. BATHALA:
THE STORY
OF CREATION

10. BATHALA
-the supreme God of being;
creator of man and earth and
addressed sometimes as
Bathalang Maykapal.
- Dwells in Kaluwalhatian
together with the lesser gods
and goddesses.
- He sent his anitos to assist
the daily lives of every
human.

11. ULILANG
KALULUWA
-”orphaned spirit”
- a huge serpent who lived
in the clouds

12. GALANG
KALULUWA
-”wandering
spirit”
-the winged God
who loves to
travel.

14. FIRST
GENERATION
GODS

15. BATHALA
-the supreme God of being;
creator of man and earth and
addressed sometimes as
Bathalang Maykapal.
- Dwells in Kaluwalhatian
together with the lesser gods
and goddesses.
- He sent his anitos to assist
the daily lives of every
human.

16. AMANIKABLE
-god of hunters
-ill-tempered god of
the sea replacing
Aman Sinaya among
the first generation
gods.

18. IDIYANALE
-the goddess of labor
and good deeds.
- The natives used to
call her for guidance
in order to make their
works successful.

19. IKAPATI
- Goddess of
cultivated
land.

20. LAKAPATI
-fertility deity

21. MAPULON
-the god of
seasons and
husband of
Ikapati

22. SECOND
GENERATION
GODS

23. DAUTHERS OF BATHALA

24. MAYARI
- Goddess of the
moon and one of the
three daughters of
Bathala by a mortal
woman.

25. TALA
-goddess of
the stars

26. HANAN
- Goddess of
morning

27. DUMAKULEM
-the strong, agile god
of mountains and the
son of IDIYANALE
and DIMANGAN.

28. ANITUN-
TABU
-the fickle
minded goddess
of wind and
rain.

29. ANAGOLAY
-the goddess of lost
things and the only
off spring of Ikapati
and Mapulon.

30. THIRD
GENERATION
GODS

31. APOLAKI
-the god of sun
and the chief
patron of
warriors

32. DIYAN
MASALANTA
-the goddess of
love, conception
and childbirth and
the protector of
lovers.

33. HARMFUL TAGALOG
DIETIES IN ANCIENT
PHILIPPINE MYTHOLOGY

34. SITAN
- The guardian
of kasamaan
and the keeper
of all souls.

35. MANGGAGAWAY
-she was the first agent of Sitan and was the primarily blamed as the
cause of diseases.

36. MANISILAT
- The second agent of Sitan, she
was tasked to destroy and break
every happy and united family that
she could find.

37. MANGKUKULAM
-the only male agent of
Sitan, he was to emit fire
at night when there was
bad weather.

38. HUKLUBAN
- The last agent of Sitan could change herself
into any form she desired.

39. OTHER TAGALOG
DIETIES

40. BAKUNAWA
-a mythical creature
found in the early
Bicolano and Hiligaynon
culture.

41. LAKANDANUM
-water god
depicted as a
serpent-like
mermaid (naga)

42. LAKAMBAKOD
- Lord of fences
- Protector of crops

43. DUMANGAN
-sky god of good
harvest

44. HALIYA
-the masked moon
goddess of ancient
Bikol

45. VISAYAN
DEITIES

46. ALUNSINA
- Visayan chief
god of the upper
world according to
Panay myth.

47. BULALAKAW
-Visayan god
- Giver of illnesses

48. BURIGADANG
PADA
SINAKLANG
BULAWAN
-Visayan goddess
of greed

49. DALIK-
MATA
-Visayan many eyed-
goddess

50. KAPTAN
- Visayan God
- Supreme god for
Visayan region

51. LALAHON
-Visayan deity goddess
of harvest for the
natives.
- Sometimes mistaken as
the goddess of
volcanoes

52. LIADLAW
-god of the
sun
-Visayan deity

53. LIBULAN
-Visayan deity
-goddess of
the moon

54. LIDAGAT
-Visayan
goddess of
the sea

55. LIHANGIN
-Visayan goddess
of wind

56. SARAGNAYAN
-lord of darkness
-Visayan deity

57. MAGWAYEN
-Visayan goddess
of sea and death

58. RIBUNG
LINTI
- Visayan God
of lightning and
thunderstorms

59. VARANGAO
-Visayan god
of rainbow

60. YNAGUINID
-Visayan god
or war

61. SANTONILYO
-Visayan deity of
good graces

62. SUMALONGSON
-Visayan god of the
river and seas

63. MINDANAO
DEITIES

64. LUMABAT
- Ancient
Mindanao
deity
- God of the
sky

65. TUGLAY
AND
TUGLIBON
-Mindanao deity
-two of the most
prominent figures in
ancient Bagobo
culture

66. MEBUYAN
- Mindanao deity
- Diwata of the
afterlife who takes
care of all the souls
before they receive
Manama’s
judgement.