VIP Call Girls Ramanthapur ( Hyderabad ) Phone 8250192130 | ₹5k To 25k With R...
Philippine_Popular_Culture.pdf (1).pdf
1. 1 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
In this lesson, you will be introduced to the Philippine Popular
culture through the times; from after the wars up to the present.
You are to learn more about the importance of Philippine
Popular Culture. All of these about the Philippines, you will
encounter at once herein and so, it is hoped you enjoy your
read and relish the splendor of the Philippine culture in this
journey of yours!
At the end of this lesson, you must have:
1. Identify the meaning of Philippine Popular Culture.
2. Analyze the importance of Philippine Popular Culture.
Activity 1.
Instruction. Read and Analyze the Dialogue of Betsy and Becky on their vlog entitled
“Popular Culture in Philippines” and answer the guide questions below.
Popular Culture in Philippines
BETSEY AND BECKY VLOG
Betsey: Mabuhay! Hi everyone! I’m Betsey!
Becky: And I’m Becky. Welcome back to FilipinoPod101.com! This is All About, Lesson 10 - Popular
Culture in the Philippines. What are the main topics we’ll learn about in this lesson, Betsey?
Betsey: Hmm, why don't we start with the fun stuff?
Lesson focus
Becky: Okay, in this lesson, we’ll be talking about Filipino television, Filipinos abroad, music, sports,
and international pop culture.
Introduction
Lesson 1: Introduction to Philippine Popular Culture
Learning Outcomes
2. 2 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Betsey: Okay. Let’s get right to it!
Becky: First off, Popular TV.
Betsey: There are two major broadcasters - ABS-CBN, and GMA. These two stations have been around
since the 50s and 60s. In the past couple of years, a new station called TV5 has also been growing in
the industry.
Becky: These stations usually hold their own mainstream film productions, and handle their own
talents. So, each talent is usually limited to participating in projects backed by one station.
Betsey: If you are even a little familiar with Spanish and Latin American culture, you’ll know that
they absolutely love “telenovela”, also known as TV dramas.
Becky: Yes. The dramatic acting, Cliché story plots - Filipinos are the same way. They can’t get enough
of it!
Betsey: There are both locally-made ‘teleseryes’ or “TV series”, but Latin American telenovelas are
also broadcasted, or remakes are produced.
Becky: There are also a lot of talent-based singing and dancing shows,
Betsey: like ASAP and Showtime!
Also, Filipinos enjoy their singing and dancing so much, it`s not uncommon for people to have their
own karaoke set in their homes! In fact, it`s often the norm!
Becky: Oh yes! There’s always Karaoke at Filipino parties. Actually, you don't even have to have the
excuse of a party to hear someone belting out a Whitney Houston song in their living room.
Betsey: Yes, Filipinos really love their Karaoke! Which leads us to our next topic - Popular Filipinos
abroad.
Becky: Well, we've given you an idea of how much Filipinos love to sing, and naturally the most
famous Filipinos abroad are singers!
Betsey: You may know Charice Pempengco. She became famous because The Ellen Degeneres Show
discovered her on YouTube. She came from a famous kids’ talent show on Filipino TV, and now she
performs with greats such as Celine Dion and producer David Foster.
Becky: She’s really made it big! But I wasn’t surprised when I first heard her on YouTube - she is truly
amazing.
Betsey: We also have Lea Salonga, and you may know her because she sang “A whole new world” in
the movie Aladdin.
Becky: Didn't she also do the songs from Mulan?
3. 3 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Betsey: Yes, she did. She’s been in many musical productions since she was young, including the
famous “Miss Saigon”. She’s known for singing ‘simple love songs’ which is by far Filipinos’ favorite
music genre.
Becky: Alright. Next up is Popular Music.
Betsey: Well, love ballads are the most popular music genre among Filipinos.
Becky: When you listen to mainstream radio in the Philippines, you will still hear great love songs
from the 80s and 90s.
Betsey: Foreign singers like Whitney Houston and Celine Dion are the most popular singers and
Filipinos still avidly listen to their songs today.
Becky: Radio stations are usually divided into music genres, so there’s a station for love songs old and
new, then there are OPM stations, which stands for Original Pilipino Music. There are also foreign
pop music stations.
Betsey: In the local market, there are usually two types of mainstream musicians - the soul singers
who often cover classics by Houston and Celine Dion and other foreign singers of the like, and then
there are the OPM Rock bands.
Becky: Great local rock bands sing in both English and Filipino - they often sing on the theme of
Filipino life and pride.
Betsey: Rock bands have always been a big part of the local industry. There are so many of them, and
you can usually enjoy performances from both famous and independent bands and performers in
smaller venues.
Becky: It’s actually one of the best parts of nightlife in Manila. You get to enjoy listening to these great
bands in really intimate settings. Now let’s get to the next topic - popular sports.
Betsey: Well, the most famous or popular sport would probably be Basketball.
Becky: I’ve noticed that Filipinos are very good at playing basketball.
Betsey: Yes. They are very competitive, and a lot of them get good practice at local courts, where they
can play with skilled amateurs.
Becky: So, what kind of leagues do the Philippines have?
Betsey: Well, there’s the PBA, which is also known as the Philippine Basketball Association. It’s
actually the oldest in Asia, and second oldest after the NBA.
Becky: It must have a long history then!
Betsey: It does, but of course height is a big Achilles heel for Filipinos. But local teams actively
participate in tournaments such as the FIBA Asia Championships.
4. 4 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Becky: What about other sports?
Betsey: Well, boxing is also popular. Before Manny Pacquiao started becoming famous, there were
quite a few skilled boxers, including Pancho Villa and Flash Elorde.
Becky: Both boxers won World Flyweight and Featherweight championships, right?
Betsey: Yes. But boxing in the Philippines became popular again only recently, after Manny Pacquiao
proved to be one of the best boxers in the world.
(International Pop Culture)
Becky: Now let’s move on to international pop culture. So, I think we can tell that the Philippines is
up to date with what’s going on internationally.
Betsey: Yes, it is. And like we mentioned earlier, imported music and movies are especially popular.
Becky: There are also a lot of retail stores from the U.S.
Betsey: A lot. I mean, from books, to food, to Starbucks, to Krispy Kreme and P.F. Changs. Basically,
a lot!
Becky: I guess you won’t really miss a lot from the States then.
Betsey: Other than that, there are also a lot of Japanese and Korean supermarkets to visit when you
have cravings. So, it’s pretty diverse.
Becky: Well, that was it guys. I hope you had fun in this lesson!
Betsey: And I’m sure it’s making you want to visit the Philippines more and more!
Outro
Becky: Until next time, thanks for listening, and bye everyone!
Betsey: Paalam!
5. 5 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Activity 1. Share Your Thoughts!
1. How did Becky and Betsey describe The Philippine Popular
Culture?
2.What makes Philippine Popular Culture Unique?
3.Why is it important to study Philippine Popular Culture?
Rubrics
Features 5
Expert
4
Accomplished
3
Capable
1
Beginner
Quality of
Writing
Piece
was
written
in an
extraordi
nary
style and
voice
Very
informati
ve and
well
organize
d
Piece was
written in
an
interesting
style and
voice
Somewhat
informativ
e and
organized
Piece had
little style
or voice
Gives
some new
informati
on but
poorly
organized
Piece had no
style or voice
Gives no new
information
and very
poorly
organized
Grammar,
Usage and
Mechanics
Virtually
no
spelling,
punctuat
ion or
grammat
ical
errors
Few
spelling
and
punctuatio
ns errors,
minor
grammatic
al errors
A number
of
spelling,
punctuati
on or
grammati
cal errors
So many
spelling,
punctuation
and
grammatical
errors that it
interferes
with the
meaning.
Activity
6. 6 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Name:
Section Code:
7. 7 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Popular culture in the Philippines is a concern of recent
trends and popular activities. Philippines is a developing
nation with a history of colonization which leads to
cultural influence particularly in the Spanish and the
American occupation.
Another is the present socio-economic state that is still
predominantly agricultural wherein there is still many
agricultural practices and related lifestyles still continue.
We also depend on foreign economies, wherein there is a
multinational companies in our country.
The meaning "popular culture" is about the mass which is applied to the
Philippines and its peoples, the trends in our country which includes our lifestyle, arts
and literature, media and technology.
Question
1. What are the best ways to study Philippine Popular Culture?
2. Why is it hard to define Philippine Popular Culture?
3. What’s your own Definition of Popular Culture?
Rubrics
Features 5
Expert
4
Accomplished
3
Capable
1
Beginner
Quality of
Writing
Piece was
written in
an
extraordi
nary style
and voice
Very
informati
ve and
well
organized
Piece was
written in
an
interesting
style and
voice
Somewhat
informativ
e and
organized
Piece had
little style
or voice
Gives
some new
informatio
n but
poorly
organized
Piece had no
style or
voice
Gives no
new
information
and very
poorly
organized
Grammar,
Usage and
Mechanics
Virtually
no
spelling,
punctuati
on or
grammati
cal errors
Few
spelling
and
punctuatio
ns errors,
minor
grammatic
al errors
A number
of
spelling,
punctuatio
n or
grammatic
al errors
So many
spelling,
punctuation
and
grammatical
errors that it
interferes
with the
meaning.
Evaluation
8. 8 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
9. 9 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Feedback
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
10. 10 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Probably by now, you have already been introduced to
the Philippine Popular culture through the times; from after the
wars up to the present. You should’ve learned that popular
culture means the culture enjoyed by the masses, usually, the
middle class. In this module, you are to learn more about what
constitutes the Philippine Popular Culture as we delve into
popular Philippine art, theater and literature of all times.
Defining art, it refers to any form of expression by the use of
knowledge and skill which can be in forms of music, paintings,
architecture and dance. Theater on the other hand is performed
live to deliver or present a drama. Meanwhile, literature refers
to the body of artistic, imaginative and creative written works
which includes poetry, epics, novels and even personal documents. All of these about the
Philippines, you will encounter at once herein and so, it is hoped you enjoy your read
and relish the splendor of the Philippine culture in this journey of yours!
At the end of this module, you must have:
1. Identified the elements influencing the Philippine Popular Culture in terms of Arts
and Literature through time.
2. Identified arts and literature in the present times that are considered part of the
Philippine Popular Culture.
ARTS
Architecture
Architecture as the art and science of building is thought to
be the mother of arts as it is said to provide and create space for
all other forms of art. In the Philippines, architecture has gone
through so many changes along with time and the influences of
its colonists especially the Spaniards and Americans with their
many years of taking over the Philippines.
During the Pre-Spanish period, Philippine architecture
was made of bamboo and nipa and seldom were there houses made of stones. In the
Philippines, it is best known as the Bahay-Kubo which even in the present times, still exist
usually resided upon by lowland dwellers in the country. Only was it in the Spanish
Occupation when plazas, town centers, churches and convents became popular.
Introduction
Discussion
Lesson 2: Arts and Literature
Learning Outcomes
11. 11 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Churches were in its earthquake baroque style which can be seen today in Visayan
Islands, Cebu and Bohol.
In the American Commonwealth Period, there was the establishment of a civil
government thus the American mission style architecture which are buildings of
commerce in their modern 20th century and Greek-like building styles. Today,
Contemporary Architecture in the Philippines succumbed to the modern-mundane style
which includes the concrete structure of cities. Architecture became more vibrant with
historical influences and globalization resulting to the dwellings and buildings you see
of today in the country.
Dance & Music
Music and Dance
Anglo-American popular music was very popular then in the early twentieth
century. The famous musical genres at the time, the cakewalk, foxtrot and ragtime—which
would soon develop as Jazz were played by Filipino dance bands in shows. Vaudeville
shows (bodabil) includes a range of acts like slapstick comedy routines and tap dance
numbers apart from popular music. Even Filipino folk songs then were arranged into
dance rhythms just to fit the evolving American flavor very much revered by Filipinos.
When radio, sheet music, live entertainment and movie themes came, popular music
became part of the mainstream of Philippine society.
In the Japanese Occupation, American entertainment were banned which is why
a pro-Filipino and Japanese virtue was encouraged in the music industry. In the late
1940’s, American entertainment returned exposing Filipinos to swing and continued
shows like the bodabil. Soon, in the 1950’s, a version of the samba came then the rise of
instrumental groups, the cumbachero (a local version of a Latin-American band), which
became renowned in fiestas and social gatherings. In the 1950’s-1960’s, rock and
roll and country music attracted younger generation of Filipino artists. Filipino equals of
Western artists like, Jerry Vale, Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Buddy Holly, and the Beatles
became popular. In the 1970’s was the creation of Pinoy Rock, or Pinoy Jazz and Filipino
pop ballad; the Manila Sound. In the late 70’s, Metro Manila Popular Music Festival a song
writing competition boosted the creation of new pop songs. Other local competitions
inspired even more artists and composers to create more music like Likha Awit Pambata (a
children’s song competition), the Himig Awards, and the Cecil Awards.
It was in this time that the Organisasyon ng mga Pilipinong Mang-aawit (OPM), was
created for Filipino popular artists. OPM also means Original Pilipino Music; music
Fig. 1 Bahay-Kubo. Source: ArtStation
- Bahay Kubo, Miguel Pido
Fig. 2 Baclayon Chruch, Bohol- Historical
Church. Source: The Poor Traveler
Itinerary Blog
Fig. 3 The Supreme Court. Greek-like
Style. Source: openthedorr-
WordPress.com
13. 13 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
THEATER
The Philippine Theater, just like the arts
have evolved through time with the
influences of the various cultures the
Philippines has been dawned upon. Before
Colonization, Philippine theater was more
on verbal jousts, indigenous rituals, songs,
games and dances to praise gods. In early
records, the dramas in pre-colonial timed
were in three elements – myth, mimesis,
and spectacle. Such mimetic performances
were dramatized rituals and epic poetry of
mythical legends and deities where deities
would usually possess a catalonan (priest) or babaylan (priestess). The priest or priestess
then would ingest the sacrificial offering in the form of a chicken, pig, wine, nuts or rice.
In the Spanish Regime, Spanish people casted off dramas like zarzuelas as their
instructive tool in influencing and teaching the Filipinos Christianity. One more
significant theater form propagated during the time was the comedia, or the moro-moro.
It’s a play that depicts the loves, lives, and wars of moors and Christians. Moro-Moro is
a worldly comedy that stages the war among Christians and Muslims over the forbidden
love of the prince and the princess which resolved with the non-Christian converting to
Christianity, or through death then resurrection. Comedias used to be performed in the
village centers to invite people. The first Filipino comedia was in 1958 in Cebu executed
by Fr. Vicente Puche in Latin and Spanish. Moreover, zarzuela as a musical theater is a
mix of spoken word and song that rejoices Catholic liturgical feasts. The first zarzuela in
the country was Jugar Con Fuego by Francisco Asenjo Barbieri in the late 1878.Today,
these kinds of plays are still being performed, although with modern traces and other
influences.
During the American Colonization, education, media, and language were
introduced with its most obvious influence, the bodabil (vaudeville) including plays and
dramas translated or presented in English. The Manila Dramatic Guild first produced
bodabil for entertaining American soldiers and other Americans in Manila, being the first
theatrical play since the revolt. The bodabil combines songs, comedy skits, dances, and
magical routines which became very popular on local audiences. Later, the bodabil was
inserted as intermission numbers into comedias and zarzuelas. In the 1930s, Broadway
theatre/stage plays dawned through westernized education in private schools for
fortunate children. Shakespearean comedies and tragedies, including western classics,
were performed in English.
By the 1940s, as the Japanese commenced, all film equipment got confiscated. The
bodabil comedia and zarzuela endured only as entertainment and expression. The bodabil
then became variety shows with a short drama at the end to provide accommodations for
actors and actresses who turned to bodabil and theatre. The Manila Grand Opera House
and the Savoy Theatre became the venue of bodabil. Later, movies regained popularity
when the war ended and the bodabil era gradually faded.
Fig. 6 Millenials Representing the Philippine Theatre Arts
– Philippine Contemporary Arts Source: wordpress.com
14. 14 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
From after the Japanese Occupation to today, Philippine theatre has grown to
become an incorporation of the various influences of all abovementioned, mostly
performed in English during the time, until it became part of classroom education.
Zarzuelas like “Ang Kiri,” “Dalagang Bukid,” and “Paglipis ng Dilim” became famous
and by the 1950s, the idea of paying for a ticket for a theatrical performance arose held in
closed theaters. Playwrights Severino Montano, Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero, and Alberto S.
Florentino honed their crafts and contributed to the development of performing arts in
the Philippines. In 2018, The Theatre at Solaire presented The Lion King, an
internationally famous production.
LITERATURE
Before the Spaniards, records show that
Filipinos created epics, poems, songs myths, tales
and legends which must’ve been imitations from
the Indians, elucidating existence through stories
about their lives and the nature, creating brave
and patriotic heroes with supernatural powers.
Meanwhile, their songs cover birth, love, death,
harvest, building and fishing. There were also
literatures made on superstition bridging the known to the unknown. Later, when faith
took over, realistic literature on life came to light;
in forms of proverbs, aphorisms/riddles.
During Spanish Occupation, literary creativity was quietened as Spaniards
promoted Christianity. In the late nineteenth century though, literature came back as
poetry and in prose; Florante at Laura of Francisco Balagtas was born. Filipinos also wrote
in Spanish where Spaniards then supported creative writing and gave prizes. It was also
at this time that the works of Dr. Jose Rizal, the Philippine National hero became
phenomenal with literary works voicing against Spanish oppression and colonization.
His works include the Noli Me Tangere, the El Filibusterismo among others.
In the American occupation, a voice of power and authority came. The first
Filipino who wrote in English took 20 years of studying the new language. Later, writers
in English began to rise in number but were paid very poorly. Nevertheless, it boosted
when writers were offered prizes by the Commonwealth Literary Contest. The Palanca,
Free Press, Solidaridad, Zobel, and Cultural Heritage Awards followed. Educational
Institutions sustained English, Spanish and, later, Filipino literature to be obligatory
subjects. Today, with the influx of technology, literature and the humanities have been
negatively affected but despite it, Filipino writers didn’t stop writing as works of foreign
writers continued to be read by Filipinos.
Filipino Literature has been and until now a mixture of traditional folk-tales, real-
life experiences and socio-political histories often promoting Filipino cultural values and
struggles of locals.
Source: mamrenoblas.weebly.com
15. 15 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Below is a list of 10 phenomenal and popular Filipino books of all time.
Title Author
Noli Me Tángere Dr. José Rizal
Florante at Laura Francisco Balagtas
Mga Ibong Mandaragit Amado V. Hernandez
The Woman Who Had Two Navels Nick Joaquin
Po-on A Novel F. Sionil Jose
Banaag at Sikat Lope K. Santos
Ilustrado Miguel Syjuco
Dekada ’70 Lualhati Bautista
Smaller and Smaller Circles F.H. Batacan
ABNKKBSNPLAko?! Bob Ong
Activity 2. Write your Song!
You have been brought to different times in this module as you
explored the Philippine Popular Culture. In a space provided below,
you are to write your own song about the arts, theater or literature
(choose one from the three) of the Philippine Popular Culture in the
present times. You can include things you know but were not
mentioned in this module. Enjoy and unleash the artist in you!
Rubrics
Features 10
Exemplary
7
Satisfactory
3
Fair
Lyrics Lyrics was
outstanding
Lyrics was good Lyrics was less
interesting
Creativity and
Organization
Lyrics was well
organized
The words are less
likely organized
Lyrics was not organized
Activity/
Application
Rules:
1.The song shall not be less than 5 stanzas
2. It should have a chorus or a refrain
3. There should be no foul/vulgar words in the song
4. Write on the bottom part of your paper the genre of
the song you composed
5. The song should be written in English or Filipino
16. 16 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Name:
Section Code
17. 17 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Activity 3. Timeline.
Instruction. Create a simple timeline tracing the popular culture on the different period.
Rubrics
Features Excellent
10
Satisfactory
6
Fair
3
Title
Timeline has creative
and unique title
Timeline has an easy title
to locate
Title is missing or difficult
to locate
Documentation
of events
All significant events
are included
There is only a good
number of significant
event are included
Only few significant
events are mentioned.
Style and
Organization
Timeline covers all
relevant time period
Timeline covers most of
the relevant time period
Time period was in
appropriate
18. 18 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
AGREEMENT:
Please read and analyze each statement below. Write Agree or
Disagree on the blank provided according to your answers.
_______ 1. Bodabil was introduced to the Filipinos by the Japanese
people.
________2. In the American Occupation, Greek-like architectural
designs was the pattern followed for Government
Buildings.
________3. The Palanca, Free Press, Solidaridad, Zobel, and
Cultural Heritage Awards boosted the number of
writers in the Philippines.
________4. Ang Kiukok was the one who painted the painting “The Fruit Gatherer”.
________5. Filipinos until the present time continue to consume foreign music as well as
dance crazes especially with the rise of digital technology and globalization.
Evaluation
Feedback
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
19. 19 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
In the previous module, you were able to encounter
popular arts, theater and literature which largely comprise the
Philippine Popular Culture. However, it does not stop there.
More to what the Filipino masses enjoy and experience include
lifestyle or the daily life being lived, fashion statements or the
trends in clothes including what Filipino usually wear and of
course, the foods which the Filipino people usually consume.
In this module, you can expect knowing more about these
things, all stemming from the Filipino culture and other
influences that has brought about the practices and trends
being followed and liked by the Filipino people. Later, you will
understand why particular things are being enjoyed by a lot of
people in the Philippines. By that, we wish you have a good read as you proceed and
learn more!
At the end of this module, you must have:
1. Identified popular Filipino foods, fashion styles and practices.
2. Envisioned the future Filipino lifestyle and fashion based on the past and present
times.
LIFESTYLE AND FOOD
A person’s lifestyle or way of life is heavily influenced by the
history, culture and the values embedded in the place he or she
is in. Filipinos, as people of one country are expected to share
commonalities in terms of dealing with existence. Apart from
geographic location, it is undeniable that the way Filipinos live
has also been influenced by its colonists such that Spaniards
were the ones to bring into the country Christianity of which
majority of the Philippine population adhere to, and the
Americans propagated education among many, decisive to the
socioeconomic progress of the country. With the harsh conditions of the country being
prone to typhoons; also with the number of colonization that transpired, Filipinos were
able to develop resiliency and a stronger faith, above all. With those said, these factors
truly affect the way Filipinos have led and are continuing to lead their lives until now.
Daily Life and Social Customs
Living a Filipino life means giving high regard to the family and by that, it includes
extended family members like grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins and relatives. In
Introduction
Discussion
Lesson 3: Lifestyle, Fashion and Food
Learning Outcomes
20. 20 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Catholic families, they also include godparents assigned as the people responsible of a
child should the parents die or be disabled. The people abovementioned are the same
people you will see in major life gatherings and events like baptism and confirmations
for Catholics, circumcision for Muslims, marriages, and other special, religious and
national holidays. Official holidays celebrated in the country include Christmas (big
celebration on Noche Buena or Christmas Eve), Easter, Eid al-Fitr (the end of the Muslim
fasting month of Ramadan), New Year’s Day, Undas or Halloween Season (celebrated in
cemeteries usually crowding the cemeteries in the 1st and 2nd day of November), Labor
Day and Independence Day. Other holidays are dependent to the localities like the
festivals usually celebrated through dance parades.
Filipino families are also tight-knit. Children don’t leave the household easily
unlike in other cultures where children are ought to leave by the age of 18. Usually,
children leave their parents’ house the moment they decide to marry but there are also
instances where children do not leave at all and stay with their parents despite having a
family of their own. Most of these who do not leave the house are also making themselves
responsible of taking care of their parents as they grow old. Education as well is revered
by Filipinos. Usually, the first wish among parents for their children is to have them finish
their studies. They even celebrate graduations with a feast of food, inviting family and
friends to come and join the celebration. Academic achievement other than work is
something that one would take pride over in the Philippines.
Filipinos are very fond of communicating, in fact, Filipinos are internationally
being attributed to hospitability. The spirit of pakikisama, and pakikibagay which means
being able to blend well with others are common among Filipino people; it is easy for
Filipinos to connect even with strangers and foreigners as most can understand and speak
English. Moreover, Filipinos have the thing they call bayanihan which means helping one
another or extending help to those in dire need especially in times of disaster and
calamity. Filipinos value respect to the elders and you can often hear them say po or opo
as honorifics to those who are older.
In terms of leisure, Filipinos enjoy singing in
karaokes usually at home especially when there is a
special occasion. Other than that, Filipino families love
going out to the beach or pools, usually including
members of the extended family. Filipinos also love
mountaineering with family and friends and for the
youth, they love going out with their barkadas or their
‘group of friends’. Filipinos love going to cinemas in
the day and concerts at night. When it comes to sports,
basketball, boxing, football, billiards, and volleyball are
the most famous. In fact, every time the renowned World Boxing Filipino Champion
Manny Pacquiao has a fight, the streets become peaceful and almost empty as almost all
of the Filipinos are watching and cheering for him in televisions. Shopping is also a thing
in the Philippines. There are heaps of malls but most of those who are thrifty or are saving
money opt to buy at ukay-ukay (store for second-handed clothes and apparels) and
tiangges or flea markets.
Fig. 1 Tiangge -Philippines. Source: Yahoo
News Singapore
21. 21 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Nowadays, with the impact of digital technology, the Internet of Things and
globalization, Filipino lifestyle also changed enormously. Things and machines have
become more advanced which made work easier. Even the means of transportation and
home appliances advanced. In socializing, social media has become a major platform in
which people can share and post things. Most of the youth dedicate a lot of their time
surfing the net for entertainment like scrolling on their social media accounts, watching
foreign dramas and youtube videos. A great number of Filipino people has become
involved in these online platforms where they can communicate with those in far-away
places and where they can usually vent out and express emotions too.
Food
Meals in the Philippines always include rice. Small
amounts of meats be it chicken or pork for non-muslim
communities, fish, goat, beef and a variety of vegetables
usually are the viands. Filipino dishes can be seen as the
combined cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Malay, Spanish, and
American. When it comes to meat there are pork or chicken
adobo, sinigang (sour soup), lechon, sisig (pig’s head), crispy
pata (pig’s leg), kare-kare (stew) and bulalo (beef shank and
marrow bones stew). For vegetarians, there are pinakbet (mixed
vegetables) and laing (shredded/whole taro leaves). As for the sweets, there are halo-halo
(crushed ice with various ingerdients and milk), taho (fresh silken tofu, arnibal and sago pearls
with milk), halayang ube (boiled and mashed purple yam), and leche flan (crème caramel). For
those who love exotic foods, there’s a duck’s embryo also called as balut. In Filipino
celebrations, lechon or a whole roasted pig is something being expected to be in the table
especially in big celebrations. Fililipinos call it handaan or having a feast as their way of
celebrating achievements and special occasions. Other than lechon, you can expect lechon
manok (roasted chicken), pancit (noodle dish), lumpia (rolls), spaghetti, mango float, fruit salad
and other sweets with the variety of viands. When it comes to drinks in these occasions,
there always are soft and hard drinks. More often than not, the ones to drink the hard
drinks are the male visitors or family members. Females in the Philippines are often not
expected to drink alcohol.
Filipinos also like street foods very much. Street foods
include kwek-kwek (boiled egg dipped in orange batter), fish balls,
tempura (mixed sea food, meat and vegetables), siomai (steamed
Chinese dumplings), sweet corn, turon (banana rolled in thin layer of
pastry), banana que (fried banana coated with sugar), isaw (chicken
intestines) and barbecue which can be paired with buko juice
(coconut juice with milk), lemonade and gulaman (drink with jelly).
Filipinos especially students enjoy eating these a lot outside
while chit-chatting with friends and others.
Fig. 3. Filipino Street Foods.
Source: FilipiKnow
Fig. 2. Lechon. Source: The Food
Dictator
22. 22 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
When it comes to snacks and sweets, Filipinos
also have a lot to offer. There are foods refered to as
kakanin or food made out of glutinous rice widely
known as rice cakes. Kakanin includes puto (steamed
rice cake), biko (coconut milk and malagkit rice), sapin-
sapin (layered glutinous rice), suman (rolled rice cake),
kutsinta (ground rice and sugar), bibingka (baked rice
cake) and palitaw (ground sticky rice mixed with sugar
powder and milk). All of these are very popular around
the country and people search for these every buwan ng wika; a whole-month celebration
for the richness of the Filipino language. In the buwan ng wika, students and pupils in
different schools often are required to dress their filipiniana and barong-tagalog attire
(national attire) for the culmination day.
Fashion
Fashion speaks a lot about someone; it’s become a way of expressing the self
without having to say something and clothing, being a universal culture would mean
that wherever you go, there will always be certain ways of dressing in places according
to trend, culture and other influences. Such a fact would not exclude the Philippines of
which fashion changed over time. Thus, we tackle in this module the Philippine fashion
evolution.
One way to look at fashion could be by eyeing into its historical and social contexts.
It is important to look back in history and have a glimpse of the way clothes have evolved
and its societal impact. The way Filipinos dress through time is incontestably influenced
by the colonizations it has undergone, reflecting in it the rich history of the country but
before these extensive occupations, Filipinos dressed according to social status. In Central
Philippines, the Tagalog men wore baro, while women put on baro at saya made of silk in
corresponding colors. The textile for baro’t saya showed social status. Women in the
upper class wore silk, while the lower class used white bark fibers. Colors of the clothes
also indicated social status and tattoos were worn signifying power and strength in
warriors, beauty, power and wealth for women. In the Visayas, clothes were like the
Malays. Baquero (ankle-long jacket without collar) or marlota (a colorful robe) were their usual
outfit. Putong/pudong (strips of cloth wrapped around the forehead) were also worn. Only the
braves wore a red pudong, while commoners wore pudong-pudong. In Mindnao, malong
or tubular skirt is a fashion basic.
With Spaniards came a different fashion style was born. Baro’t saya changed into
its Hispanized version and a floor-length skirt. Baro turned into Barong Tagalog, with
collars and buttoned lace shirt. In the 19th century, the Hispani zed baro’t saya changed
again due to the rising economy and globalization. The Maria Clara was born named after
the female protagonist in Jose Rizal’s novel Noli Me Tangere with the full-wide skirt, long
train, camisa or blouse, panuelo or scarf, and tapis or knee-length over-skirt. Barong
Tagalog also evolved. From collarless baro, there came buttons, collars and intricate
embellishments. In the early 20th century, Maria Clara became the Traje de Mestiza, a
modernized version with biggest sleeves and narrower floor-length skirt. This look
Fig. 4. Filipino Kakanin. Source: Spot.ph
23. 23 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
echoed the Edwardian fashion fsmoud in the West during that era but as more Filipinos
travelled and lived in Europe and the US, Western influences became more prominent.
Women started wearing loose dresses and knee-length skirt while men wore suit and
coat. Floral dresses replaced Traje de Mestiza in 1930s. While the elders still used it daily,
the younger generation saw it only as a formal dress for special events and occasions.
During the Second World War, the Japanese occupied factories, which resulted in
shortage of textiles. Tailoring shops, boutiques and dressmakers closed. Trade and the
economy got affected, people lived through rations and clothes became simpler. Men
abandoned coat and “Americana.” Women didn’t wear terno resulting to its death as
stores only sold one-colored dark dresses. In the 1950s, the country’s economy rose.
People began buying floral dresses and fuller knee-length skirts for women, and
sweaters, colored printed polos, pants and flannels for men. Under Ramon Magsaysay’s
presidency, he backed the Barong Tagalog with his advocacy promoting nationalism and
wore Barong Tagalog in all official functions he attended leading to the Filipiniana’s
rebirth. It was then often used as formal attire in special events.
With the fame of British pop culture, Philippine fashion changed in 1960s. Mod
became an instant hit. Hemlines got shorter, while the clothes became more loose. Mini
skirt and mini dresses became popular for women. With the invention of hairspray,
hairstyle got bigger and bolder. In the late 1960s to 1970s, Filipinos had the hippie
culture. Vintage clothes were back and women abandoned miniskirts and dresses to
modest clothing with long sleeves, laces and collars. In this era, bell bottom pants in
bright colors was popular. Turtle necks, sweater vests, colorful patterned polos and pants
were the norm. Long hair for men became usual. In mid-1970’s, Disco culture arose. Bell
bottoms stayed a fashion basic paired with polos in bright colors. Women wore short
dresses. The sloppy vibe of the era led to the fame of casual look. Bakya, a footwear,
became famous and the denim-shirt ensemble. Wearing neo-colored clothes with
miniskirts was a huge trend. Curls were in, sporty look got popular. Shorts were okay for
both boys and girls and leggings became an everyday clothing with headbands and
legwarmers. The 1990s was all about loose fashion, an oversized shirts and pants with
the rock music influence. Dark, leather and overly sized clothes was the trend. Denim
became famous including the long hair or chachupoy, a straight hairstyle with middle
parting at the center.
The 21st century was a combination of different styles from different eras, but the
is characterized by the rise of spaghetti strap clothes. Women wore innerwear as
outerwear. Men’s fashion remained the same, with cargo pants and oversized shirts still
famous. Colorful clothes returned in the mid-2000s, with flannel and checkered polos.
Layering became popular like dresses worn over leggings. Short shorts made a look
paired with boots and shirts. With new technology and social media in 2010 until the
present, Filipinos got exposed to diverse fashion styles and brands. They began looking
for fashion inspirations in various social media apps like Tumblr, Instagram, Facebook
and etc. Skinny jeans and shorts are not just for women. Men begin to wear intersexual
fashion styles. Women’s fashion became more feminine. Fashion from mid-1960s and
mid-1990s resurfaced with mini-skirts, denim jackets, knitted sweaters and boat shoes
resurfaced. Fashion businesses then began working on firming their online existence to
24. 24 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
reach a wider target market. The arrival of smart phones led a strong demand for latest
fashion choices, with affordable prices. This changed the way people shop and review
items.
Activity 4. Share Your Thoughts!
Have you ever thought how the future Filipino lifestyle and fashion
would be in the future? Do you perhaps have a vision about how
things like these would turn out in the next 20 years? Share your
thoughts by writing an essay about the Filipino lifestyle and fashion
in the next 20 years!
Rubrics
Features 5
Expert
4
Accomplished
3
Capable
1
Beginner
Quality of
Writing
Piece was
written in an
extraordinary
style and
voice
Very
informative
and well
organized
Piece was
written in
an
interesting
style and
voice
Somewhat
informative
and
organized
Piece had
little style
or voice
Gives some
new
informatio
n but
poorly
organized
Piece had
no style or
voice
Gives no
new
informatio
n and very
poorly
organized
Grammar,
Usage and
Mechanics
Virtually no
spelling,
punctuation
or
grammatical
errors
Few
spelling
and
punctuatio
ns errors,
minor
grammatica
l errors
A number
of spelling,
punctuatio
n or
grammatic
al errors
So many
spelling,
punctuatio
n and
grammatic
al errors
that it
interferes
with the
meaning.
Activity/
Application
Rules:
1.The essay should have 3-5 paragraphs
2. Have reasons why you see the future in a particular way that you do.
3. Make your own title for your essay
4. Write it in a first person point of view
5. The essay should be written in English or Filipino
25. 25 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Name:
Section Code
26. 26 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
IDENTIFICATION
Identify what is being asked by the questions below. Write your
answers on the space provided before each item.
_______ 1. A fashion culture where bell-bottoms was a trend.
________2. A kind of Filipino food expected in tables in big
celebrations
________3. It is used by Filipinos as honorifics to someone of age.
________4. Filipino word for snacks made of glutinous rice like
puto, biko and bibingka.
________5. A fashion culture where vintage outfits were so
popular.
Evaluation
Feedback
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
27. 27 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
In this lesson, you will be introduced to the Philippine
In this lesson, you will be introduced to the Philippine
Popular culture on Media; before wars up to the present. You
are also to learn more about the importance of media in the
Philippine Popular Culture. All of these about the Philippines,
you will encounter and enjoy the Philippine culture.
At the end of this lesson, you must have:
1. Identify the importance of media
2. Create an infographics that aims to preserve and enhance the future of the
Philippine Pop Culture.
Media
Media is one of the most important tool for information. It helps to reached out
with the people for different purposes; entertainment, news, lifestyle and others. It is one
of the reasons why many Filipinos were up-to-date on the trends not just in the Philippine
set up but also around the world. Korean Pop or popularly known as “K-Pop” is one of
the trends Filipino are following. This implies that through media in any form, we are
able to acquire different information and events around the world.
In the field of films, the first films shown in the Philippines were short features
called cinematrografo (Fernandez, 1981). Jose Rizal’s life was the first feature film
produced in the country but Jose Nepomuceno’s “Dalagang Bukid” was the first full-
length feature film in 1919. Musser produced “Ang Aswang” in 1932 which became the
first talking picture in the country. Dolphy, Vilma Santos and Nora Aunor were the
superstars which are always talked because of their exemplary performances.
While on radio, the longest-running shows were "Ilaw ng Tahanan" and "Gulong
ng Palad," recently translated to television, both built on the fool proof formula of
cascades of tears and flocks of martyred women (Fernandez 1981).
Introduction
Lesson 4: Media
Learning Outcomes
28. 28 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Activity 5. Infographics
Create an infographics that aims to preserve and enhance the future
of Philippine Pop Culture.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Infographics are a visual representation of
knowledge and information designed to make complex ideas and large
amounts of data easy to understand.
RATIONALE: When students create infographics, they are using
information, visual and technology literacies, which are considered
vital in the 21st century.
OBJECTIVES:
The students are expected to have:
1. Utilize political, economic and cultural themes in explaining how they affect multi-
dimensional landscape of human society;
2. Analyze major events and its global impact; and
3. Create an infographics that aims to preserve and enhance the future of the
Philippine Pop Culture.
PROCEDURE:
1. For guidance, the students may refer to the following questions about the topic
they wanted:
a. What is your topic about? Why is it important?
b. What theme(s) did that topic cover?
c. Who are the most notable or influential people in your topic? (if there is)
d. What significant dates, places and figures do we need to learn from your
topic? Why are these significant?
e. What impact did it leave in the world?
f. Why does this topic matter today?
2. The student must process your data and include only the most important details.
3. The students must choose the wireframe of the infographic.
4. The students must then choose the tone of the infographic design.
5. The students must include their name at the bottom right portion of their
inforgraphics. They must also properly cite their resources.
6. The minimum dimension of the infographic should be 600x600 pixels.
7. The infographics must be send at johnrelch_batiller@buksu.edu.ph
8. The infographics will be rated using the attached rubric.
Activity/
Application
29. 29 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Feedback
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
30. 30 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
References:
Chaillet, N., & Davis, T. (2020, April 28). Theatre. Retrieved August 07, 2020, from
https://www.britannica.com/art/theatre-art
Fernandez, D. (1981). Philippine Studies. Philippine Popular Culture: Dimensions and
Directions The State of Research in Philippine Popular Culture. Vol. 29, No. 1.
Ateneo de Manila University. Retrieved from
https://www.jstor.org/stable/42632570?seq=1
Fernandez, D. (1981). Philippines Philippine Popular Culture: Dimensions and
Directions. Philippine Studies vol. 29, no. 1 (1981) 26–44 Copyright Ateneo de
Manila University Retrived from
http://www.philippinestudies.net/files/journals/1/articles/1645/public/1645-
1642-1-PB.pdf
Hernandez, C., & Cullinane, M. (2020, July 31). Cultural life. Retrieved August 07, 2020,
from https://www.britannica.com/place/Philippines/Cultural-life
History of Philippine Architecture. Retrieved August 07, 2020, from
https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-
sca/architecture-and-allied-arts-2/history-of-philippine-architecture/
Jica Simpas Words Talia Cortez Recipe Development Pamela Cortez Photos
Jerome Jocson Photo Editing July 1, Jica Simpas Words Dan Aragon Video &
EditingArchie Lim VideoJerome Jocson Photos March 25, & Jica Simpas
WordsTalia Cortez Recipe Development Dan Aragon Video & Editing Archie Lim
Video Jerome Jocson Photos January 16. (2019, February 03). Kakanin: The History
of 7 Our Favorite Sticky Rice Snacks. Retrieved August 07, 2020, from
https://www.pepper.ph/the-history-behind-7-of-our-favorite-kakanin/
Lent, J. (n.d.).Philippine Radio- History and Problems. Retrieved from
https://www.asj.upd.edu.ph/mediabox/archive/ASJ-06-01-1968/lent-
philippineradio-history-problems.pdf
Lifestyle in Philippines. (n.d.). Retrieved August 07, 2020, from
http://www.retireinasia.com/lifestyle-in-philippines/
Philippine Lifestyle. (2017, June 04). Retrieved August 07, 2020, from
https://lanebrook.com/retiring-in-philippines/philippine-lifestyle/
Pietro Santos Jul 7, 2. (2010, July 07). Top 10 Dance Crazes in the Philippines. Retrieved
August 07, 2020, from https://www.spot.ph/entertainment/46029/top-10-dance-
crazes-in-the-philippines-
31. 31 | P h i l i p p i n e P o p u l a r C u l t u r e
Popular Music in the Philippines. Retrieved August 07, 2020, from
https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-
sca/music/popular-music-in-the-philippines/
Rexroth, K. (2019, February 22). Literature. Retrieved August 07, 2020, from
https://www.britannica.com/art/literature
Sutori. (n.d.). Retrieved August 07, 2020, from https://www.sutori.com/story/the-
history-of-dancing-in-philippines--Hsx9wiCeRSbeZCZ7xpwcuaWP
The Evolution of Philippine Theatre: Solaire Resort & Casino. (n.d.). Retrieved August
07, 2020, from https://www.solaireresort.com/article/the-evolution-of-
philippine-theatre
The Manila Times - August 6. (2018, June 08). Fashion State Of The Nation. Retrieved
August 07, 2020, from https://www.manilatimes.net/2018/06/08/weekly/the-
lookbook/fashion-state-of-the-nation/405988/
Valdeavilla, R. (2018, March 27). The 10 Best Books in Philippine Literature. Retrieved
August 07, 2020, from https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/the-
10-best-books-in-philippine-literature/
https://www.filipinopod101.com/lesson/all-about-8-top-5-things-you-need-to-know-
about-filipino-society/
https://www.filipinopod101.com/lesson/all-about-10-popular-culture-in-the-
philippines/
