This document discusses key aspects of Philippine culture and temperament. It addresses the following topics: 1. Filipinos place great importance on relationships and status. Relationships are a way to measure one's worth and access resources. Those in political power enjoy exercising control in an indirect manner. 2. Filipinos believe in fate ("Bahala na") and optimistic fatalism. Success is viewed as due more to luck than effort, and should be shared with less fortunate others. 3. There are often gaps between public values and private behavior. A double standard of morals is accepted, with pre-marital heterosexual behavior prohibited but extramarital affairs common.

1. Philippine Temperament (2)
Nacorda, Shiella H.

2. Philippine Temperament
 STATUS, POWER AND CONTROL
 FATE, HOPE AND CHARITY
 WHAT LIFE IS ALL ABOUT
 INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM AND FAMILY CONTROL
 CHANGING PHILIPPINES, CHANGING FILIPINOS
 PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND THE AMERICAN VISITOR
 THE CHALLENGE OF PERSONALITY DIFFERENCES

3. Status, Power and Control
1. Status recognition

4. HUMAN RELATIONS
• Filipinos place great importance and visibility to relationships.
• Relationships are resources or potentially convertible to material
resources.
• Relationships are basis for measuring one’s worth.
• Filipinos are relationship inventor

5. Status, Power and Control
1. Enjoys power exercised in political offices

6. Status, Power and Control
Face to face situation control is
managed in an oblique fashion.

7. Status, Power and Control
1. Status recognition
2. Enjoys power exercised in political offices
3. Face to face situation control is managed in an
oblique fashion

8. Fate, Hope and Charity
 “It was my fate” or “ Bahala na”
Success is due to luck rather than effort.
Optimistic fatalism
Success should be shared with those less
fortunate.

9. What life is all about
 Great gaps between public values and
private behaviour
 A double standard of morals is tacitly
accepted and maintained
Heterosexual behaviour is not permitted
before marriage.
Divorce is not possible but queridas /
mistresses is widespread.

10. What life is all about
 Parental approval of the marriage partner.
 Filipinos attitude emphasize control rather than inhibitions.
(prohibiting being alone with the opposite sex)
 There is a considerable tolerance of individual differences, and an
attempt at enforcement of expectations by many forms…

11. Individual freedom and family control
 Filipino is found to be skilful as anyone
in devising ways to evade society’s
expectations and controls.
Uses finely developed skills to gain
exceptions; exceptions become linked
with status, it will then prove his status
by avoiding a procedure which others
are compelled to follow.

12. Individual freedom and family control
Advising is a powerful form of control.
Appreciates in a form of being helpful
Adviser should present the difference
between a criticism and an advice.

13. Individual freedom and family control
 Quarrels within the family are concealed,
because family conflicts are deemed a disgrace.
 This “protection” expresses a level of family
solidarity
 It is reminded that what he does reflects on his
family.

14. Changing Philippines, Changing Filipinos
 Change exists as a result of education (formal or informal).
 Filipinos are affected by different forms of media, influx of
different foreign influences.
 Split –level personality of Filipinos

15. Philippine Culture and the American Visitor
 Ningas Cogon; enthusiasm quickly fades.
 Poorly developed sense of public
responsibility (forests are destroyed,
dynamite fishing is rampant…)
 Bayanihan is no longer working due to
severe want and poverty; it no longer
produce cooperation but rather seem to
encourage indifference and greed.

16. Objectives
Predict reactions;
Infer the goals for which they are striving;
Able to achieve acceptance & understanding
of values in the midst of diversity.

17. Thank You…