Pharmacy career pathways | Pharmacy is Right for me
“A pharmacy career is a diverse and rewarding profession, with opportunities for patient care, scientific research and innovation.”
https://thepharmacytime.com/2021/08/12/pharmacy-career-pathways-pharmacy-is-right-for-me/
In this slides included clinical pharmacy introduction and pharmaceutical care, also explanation about the goals and objectives of the clinical pharmacy requirements
Introduction to clinical pharmacy, Concept and Objectives of clinical pharmacy, Function and responsibilities of clinical pharmacist, Clinical Pharmacy services.
In this slides included clinical pharmacy introduction and pharmaceutical care, also explanation about the goals and objectives of the clinical pharmacy requirements
Introduction to clinical pharmacy, Concept and Objectives of clinical pharmacy, Function and responsibilities of clinical pharmacist, Clinical Pharmacy services.
Why Pharmacy?
A well-rounded career
A vital part of the health care team
Outstanding career opportunities
Excellent earning potential
A trusted profession
Pharmacy Practice
Scope of pharmacy practice
Community Pharmacy
Scope of community pharmacy
Community pharmacy management
Selection of Pharmacy site
Objective
Legal requirements
Drug procurement
Drug storage and inventory control
Pharmacy Practice is the discipline of pharmacy which involves developing the professional roles of pharmacists. Pharmacy Practice offers practicing pharmacists in-depth useful reviews and research trials and surveys of new drugs and novel therapeutic approaches.
industrial pharmacy presentation will help you to know about aims,departments,and problems to pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan and pharmaceutical companies operating in Pakistan
Total parenteral nutrition is a medication used to manage and treat malnourishment. It is in the nutrition class of drugs.
TPN is a mixture of separate components which contain lipid emulsions, dextrose, amino acids, vitamins, electrolytes, minerals, and trace elements. Clinicians should adjust TPN composition to fulfill individual patients' needs. The main three macronutrients are lipids emulsions, proteins, and dextrose.
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxraviapr7
d) Education and training program in the hospital
Role of pharmacist in the education and training program, Internal and external training program, Services to the nursing homes/clinics
Code of ethics for community pharmacy, and Role of pharmacist in the interdepartmental communication and community health education. kills- communication with prescribers and patients.
Why Pharmacy?
A well-rounded career
A vital part of the health care team
Outstanding career opportunities
Excellent earning potential
A trusted profession
Pharmacy Practice
Scope of pharmacy practice
Community Pharmacy
Scope of community pharmacy
Community pharmacy management
Selection of Pharmacy site
Objective
Legal requirements
Drug procurement
Drug storage and inventory control
Pharmacy Practice is the discipline of pharmacy which involves developing the professional roles of pharmacists. Pharmacy Practice offers practicing pharmacists in-depth useful reviews and research trials and surveys of new drugs and novel therapeutic approaches.
industrial pharmacy presentation will help you to know about aims,departments,and problems to pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan and pharmaceutical companies operating in Pakistan
Total parenteral nutrition is a medication used to manage and treat malnourishment. It is in the nutrition class of drugs.
TPN is a mixture of separate components which contain lipid emulsions, dextrose, amino acids, vitamins, electrolytes, minerals, and trace elements. Clinicians should adjust TPN composition to fulfill individual patients' needs. The main three macronutrients are lipids emulsions, proteins, and dextrose.
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxraviapr7
d) Education and training program in the hospital
Role of pharmacist in the education and training program, Internal and external training program, Services to the nursing homes/clinics
Code of ethics for community pharmacy, and Role of pharmacist in the interdepartmental communication and community health education. kills- communication with prescribers and patients.
Patient Safety is a health care discipline that emerged with the evolving complexity in health care systems and the resulting rise of patient harm in health care facilities.
It aims to prevent and reduce risks, errors and harm that occur to patients during provision of health care.
A cornerstone of the discipline is continuous improvement based on learning from errors and adverse events.
Let us see what Pharmacists, Doctors and Patients can do about it.
Role of pharmacist in interdepartmental communication and community health ed...akankshasrivastava121
By- Akanksha (B.pharma 4th year, Galgotias University)
Role of pharmacist, Professsion of pharmacy practice, Interdepartmental communication of pharmacist, Communication with health proffesions , with paitients , Information leaflets, Medication counselling for patient, Impact of internal dysfunction
A Ward round is a visit made by a medical practitioner, alone or with a team of health care professionals and medical students to hospital in-patients at their bedside to review and follow-up the progress in their health.
Usually at least one ward round is conducted everyday to review the progress of each patient outcome. Pharmacist’s participating in medical ward rounds promotes health care , Participation of the Pharmacists in ward rounds in various practice settings helps to provide rational drug use. Decreases adverse drug events, improve patient care, and reduce length of hospital stay and health care cost
brief review on clinical pharmacy, drug information centre & patient safety program
The lecture was presented at Al-Mahmoudiya General Hospital as part of the training course for fresh appointed pharmacist at 16/5/2023 at 11 & 15/5/2023
How to improve the practice of clinical pharmacy in Egypt?
A call to action presentation aiming at uniting practitioners to create a work force that can help change the future of the practice in Egypt.
Join, share, participate and invite others.
If interested, please, join our group here,
https://www.facebook.com/groups/307874012697956/
Ph. Mamdouh Ezz Samy
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Pharmacy career pathways | Pharmacy is Right for me
1. PHARMACY CAREER
PATHWAYS
“A PHARMACY CAREER IS A DIVERSE AND REWARDING PROFESSION, WITH
OPPORTUNITIES FOR PATIENT CARE, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND
INNOVATION.”
2. COMMUNITY PHARMACY CHAIN
What is It?
• Community pharmacists work with customers to fill their prescriptions, explain proper medication use, and provide clinical services.
These pharmacists are often asked to give advice on diet, exercise, wellness or stress management. Community pharmacists also
advise doctors about medication therapy, and help to identify possible drug interactions for people taking more than one medication.
Key benefits:
Patient interaction; flexible hours.
• Community pharmacists have the most direct interaction with customers, along with community health center (CHC) pharmacists
and independent owners.
• Advice from the Field
• Must have good people and communication skills.
• Must be comfortable having a high level of interaction with the general public.
• Must be able to manage significant paperwork and logistical details related to health insurance issues to make sure patients get the
right care at the right price.
3. INDEPENDENT COMMUNITY PHARMACY
What is It?
• Owning an independent community pharmacy is the ideal situation for a pharmacist who enjoys working in the community but wants to be his or her own
boss. An independent community pharmacy could be a single store with one owner or several stores owned by an individual or small group. Owners have the
opportunity to practice pharmacy according to their personal style, use their business and management skills, and customize their store to the needs of their
patients and community.
Key benefits:
• Patient interaction, community engagement, flexibility to make changes to meet patients’ needs.
• Independent owners have the most direct interaction with customers and their community at large.
• Advice from the Field
• Must have good people and communication skills.
• Comfortable with a high level of patient interaction.
• Must have good business management skills, as you will be running your own business.
• Must be able to manage significant paperwork and logistical details related to insurance, inventory, payroll and other business issues.
4. COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE PHARMACY
What is It?
• Community health center (CHC) pharmacists play an important role in providing health care services and information to underserved populations. These
pharmacists work closely with low-income patients to address their medication needs and questions. CHC pharmacists also conduct wellness and preventive
health educational programs.
Key benefits:
Patient interaction, opportunity to counsel patients, help patients get the care they need but sometimes can’t afford.
• CHC pharmacists work closely with patients who may have income, educational or other challenges. This is a great area of pharmacy service for those want
to have a direct and positive impact on those in need.
• Advice from the Field
• Visit a variety of CHCs to decide what setting is most appealing to you (for example, in a rural area or in a city).
• Must have strong communication skills and be willing to contribute to patients’ knowledge about health.
• The ability to speak more than one language is a great plus.
5. VETERINARY PHARMACY CAREER
What is It?
• Students with a love for animals may want to consider becoming a veterinary pharmacist. One of their key roles is compounding
medications to meet the specific needs of pets, their owners and veterinarians. Many veterinary prescriptions are hand-made based
on the weight and size of the animal. The dosage, strength, and taste of the medicine can be adjusted to make it easier for pets to
consume. To become a veterinary pharmacist, students must complete specialized training in veterinary pharmacology and
therapeutics.
Key benefits:
Interaction with customers and their pets, and veterinary office staff.
• Advice from the Field
• Should have a strong interest in working with animals and be comfortable interacting with them.
• Be willing to work in a team with other veterinary professionals.
6. COMPOUNDING PHARMACY
What is It?
• A compounding pharmacist does essentially all of the same things as a regular pharmacist but with an emphasis on preparing
customized medication to meet a patient’s needs or a doctor’s request. Since every patient is different and has unique needs,
customized medications are a very important part of providing quality care.
Key benefits:
Interaction with patients, opportunities to work with doctors and veterinarians.
• Advice from the Field
• Be willing to work in a team with other health care professionals.
• Be comfortable doing complex calculations and working directly with liquids, tablets, and pills.
7. PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
What is It?
• Research and development (often called R&D) is regarded as the backbone of the pharmaceutical industry. Pharmaceutical researchers use their scientific
knowledge to help develop new medications, test new substances, evaluate existing products, and create new dosage forms. In addition to research, they are
also responsible for making sure that drug labeling is accurate and meets the requirements of state and federal laws.
Key benefits:
• Intellectually stimulating work, job flexibility, and dynamic work environment.
• Satisfaction attained from helping discover and develop innovative new treatments.
• Advice from the Field
• Must have excellent interpersonal and communication skills.
• Must have a strong background in medical chemistry, and consider pursuing additional advanced degrees and training.
• Should be prepared for occasional long hours and a high degree of pressure.
8. HOSPITAL PHARMACY
What is It?
• Doctors, nurses and patients rely on hospital pharmacists for important drug information. They work directly with doctors and nurses to make sure that each
patient receives the correct medication, in the right dosage, at the right time. Hospital pharmacists also keep up-to-date records on each patient, which are
used to fill medication orders and screen for drug allergies. In addition, hospital pharmacists may work directly with patients to be sure they understand their
medications while in the hospital and when they are discharged to go home.
Key benefits:
• Interaction with other pharmacists and health care professionals, fast-paced work environment with multiple responsibilities.
• Advice from the Field
• Need to stay informed about new medications and therapies so that you can provide the best care to patients.
• Must have strong attention to detail skills.
• Be prepared for long hours and unpredictable schedules.
9. NUCLEAR PHARMACY
What is It?
• Nuclear pharmacists work to improve health through safe and effective use of radioactive drugs to diagnose and treat diseases such as cancer. They provide
clinical services and fill drug prescriptions like other pharmacists, only these drugs are radioactive. This position requires scientific knowledge to safely work
with radioactive material, as well as training in radiation safety. Nuclear pharmacists can work at a large hospital or at a commercial nuclear pharmacy where
radioactive drugs are prepared and delivered to smaller hospitals.
Key benefits:
• Tackle new challenges every day, flexible hours.
• Advice from the Field
• Consider rotations and other types of experiences in nuclear pharmacy to gain a better understanding of the required roles and responsibilities.
• Must have excellent attention to detail.
• Although the hours are usually flexible, nuclear pharmacists sometimes have to work early morning or night shifts.
10. ACADEMIA
What is It?
• Academic pharmacists have many key responsibilities, including training future pharmacists and conducting research. Research may include laboratory
studies to evaluate findings with other scientific data; research also is done on patient compliance, wellness and other disease-related measurements. In
addition to sharing pharmaceutical knowledge and information with other health care professionals and students, academic pharmacists also speak at
industry events, contribute to science and education publications, and advise student pharmacists. Some academic pharmacists also have direct contact with
patients.
Key benefits:
• Flexible schedule, interaction with students, good opportunity for advancement.
• Academic pharmacists help educate the pharmacist workforce.
• Advice from the Field
• Consider obtaining advanced degrees, certification, and residencies.
• Be prepared for occasional stress, as the work load varies throughout the year.
• Must be able to balance heavy administrative loads and keep strict deadlines.
11. MEDICAL COMMUNICATIONS
What is It?
• Pharmacists specializing in medical communications educate health care professionals, consumers, and other pharmacists about
pharmaceutical products, including prescription drugs. They may provide these services internally, such as to employees of a
pharmaceutical company or externally, such as answering questions from doctors or the local community. Possible work settings include
medical communications and medical education agencies, pharmaceutical manufacturers, schools, managed care organizations, poison
control centers or hospitals.
Key benefits:
• Work with a wide variety of people (professionals and consumers), use communications skills, manage multiple activities.
• Advice from the Field
• Solid writing skills, especially the ability to translate technical information in a simple way.
• Comfortable presenting in front of groups of people.
• Ability to think critically.
12. LONG TERM CARE PHARMACY
What is It?
• Long-term care pharmacists provide medicine and drug treatments for long-term care facilities, such as nursing homes, assisted
living facilities, group homes, and rehabilitation facilities. They also educate patients and their family, friends or other caregivers
about different types of medication and treatments. Although long-term care pharmacists often work with the elderly, they also serve
patients with HIV, multiple sclerosis (a chronic, often disabling disease that attacks the central nervous system), or developmental
challenges.
Key benefits:
• Flexible day-to-day schedule, travel opportunities, wide variety of tasks and responsibilities.
• Advice from the Field
• Be prepared to work closely with prescribers (e.g., doctors, nurse practitioners).
• Must have good people and communication skills and the ability to work with little direction.
13. HOME HEALTH CARE PHARMACY
What is It?
• Home health care pharmacists specialize in treating patients in their homes or other residential facilities, such as assisted living
communities. They may partner with hospice organizations, visiting nurse teams, or social services team members. Because
preparing medication and delivering care in someone’s home takes time, home health care pharmacists usually concentrate on
fewer patients than those working in other settings.
Key benefits:
• Flexible schedule, direct clinical involvement with patients, families, caregivers, and other health care workers.
• Advice from the Field
• Must be open to an “on call” work load, as pharmacists in home health care could be called upon at any time to make in-house
visits.
14. GOVERNMENT AND FEDERALS PHARMACY
What is It?
• Government and federal pharmacists are employed by local, state, or federal government agencies. These include municipal health clinics,
state Medicaid agencies, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), branches of the U.S. Military, and the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS).
Pharmacists in the government are responsible for dispensing drugs, managing pharmacy departments within a government branch, and
reviewing new drug applications.
Key benefits:
• Wide variety of activities, flexible schedule, opportunities for growth, good salary. Regular pharmacists can serve in the military reserve and
make a difference in the lives of active military members and their families. They are able to work in their community and serve when
needed.
• Advice from the Field
• Look at long-term financial packages when considering a government/federal pharmacy job. For example, pharmacists in the military
reserve can receive free continuing education and training courses.
15. MANAGED CARE AND PHARMACY BENEFITS
What is It?
• Pharmacists at managed care organizations (MCOs) perform a wide range of important tasks that allow patients to get the appropriate medications at the right
time in a convenient, cost-effective way. These pharmacists have a variety of responsibilities, including dispensing drugs, monitoring patient safety, developing
clinical programs, and managing costs. Most pharmacists in managed care work for health plans and pharmacy benefit management (PBM) companies.
• PBMs work with pharmacies, pharmaceutical companies, and others to make sure that patients get the appropriate medications and clinical services they
need at the most appropriate cost.
Key benefits:
• Flexible schedule, ability to select appropriate medications for large groups of patients, wide variety of activities.
• Advice from the Field
• Should have an understanding of economic principles and a strong interest in understanding business practices.
• Consider an internship to learn about the various job areas in managed care, from patient counseling to research to prevention of drug fraud, waste and
abuse.
16. MAIL SERVICE PHARMACY
What is It?
• The demand for mail order pharmacy is growing because it provides people with a less expensive and convenient way to get their
prescription medications. Mail order pharmacists dispense medication and also can serve as a direct link to patients. For example, most
mail service pharmacies have toll-free numbers for patients to call when they have questions about their medication. Mail service
pharmacists are responsible for counseling callers and helping them understand their treatment in the same way that a pharmacist would in
a more traditional pharmacy or drug store.
Key benefits:
• Flexible schedule, opportunity to counsel patients (by telephone).
• Advice from the Field
• Must have good communication skills, especially by telephone.
• Stay up-to-date on new drug information.
• Comfortable working in a highly automated work setting and/or in an office setting