Pharmacy and therapeutic committee

1. THE PHARMACY AND
THERAPEUTICS
COMMITTEE
Presented By:
Siddharth Singh
PGDM (HEAD) Inlead

2. INTRODUCTION
Many countries will spend 30 to 40 percent of their
health care budgets on drugs and much of that money is
wasted on irrational drug use and inefficiencies in
procurement of drugs.
Other serious problems that health care organizations
face are the over use of antibiotics, increasing
antimicrobial resistance, increasing adverse drug
reactions, and considerably higher costs associated with
drug use.
PTC’s can provide the leadership and structure to select
appropriate drugs for the formulary, promote rational
drug use, and help reduce drug costs to acceptable level.

3. PHARMACY
Definition: Pharmacy services in a hospital can be
defined as “Premises licensed for retail sale or supply to
hospital OPD and/or IPD areas of drugs which have
qualified licensed persons & indulge in compounding of
drugs.

4. ROLE & FUNCTIONS OF
PHARMACY
Demand estimation.
Compounding and manufacturing of sterile and non sterile products.
Quality control of drugs purchased.
Supply of drugs.
Maintenance of formulary system implementations of the decisions
of the PTC.
Training, teaching, research and clinical trials.
Patient Education.

5. TYPES OF PHARMACIES
Depending upon the organizational policy of the hospital,
pharmacy services can be of following types:
Pharmacy for OPD
Pharmacy for IPD
A combination of both.

6. DRUG DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEM
Floor stock system
The individual patient drug order system
Unit dose system

7. STAFFING
Up to 50 bedded: 3 pharmacist
Up to 100: 5 pharmacist
Up to 200: 8 pharmacist
Up to 300: 10 pharmacist
Up to 400: 15 pharmacist

8. RECOMMENDED STAFF
Chief hospital pharmacist: 1
Manufacturing Pharmacist: 1
Assistant Chief hospital pharmacist: 1
Technical Assistant: 3
Head Pharmacist: 2
Pharmacist: 10

9. MANAGERIAL ISSUES
Control of drug costs.
Effective staff utilization.
Human relations.
Drug pilferage.
Drug distribution system.
Non availability of drugs.
Customer satisfaction.

10. DEFENITION
The pharmacy and therapeutics committee is a policy
framing and recommending body to medical staf f and
administration of hospital on matters related to therapeutic
use of drugs.

11. OBJECTIVE
The pharmacy and therapeutics have three major roles to
play:
Advisory
Educational
Drug safety and adverse drug reaction monitoring.

12. FUNCTIONS
Advising medical, administrative, and pharmacy
departments on drug related issues.
Developing drug policies and procedures.
Evaluating and selecting drugs for the formulary and
providing for its periodic revision.
Assessing drug use to identify potential problems.
Promoting and conducting effective interventions to
improve drug use (including educational, managerial, and
regulatory methods.
Managing adverse drug reactions.
Managing medication error.

13. COMPOSITION
Composition of pharmacy and therapeutics committee
(PTC) might vary from hospital to hospital in general it is
composed of:
A representative of the nursing staff
Physician
Medical Staff
Hospital Pharmacist
Chairman
Administrator
Director

14. OPERATION OF PHARMACY AND
THERAPEUTICS COMMITTEE
This committee should meet regularly at least six times
in an year and also when necessary.
The agenda and the supplementary materials should be
prepared by the secretary and furnished to the
committee members well in advance so that the
members can study them properly before meeting

15. ROLE OF PHARMACY AND
THERAPEUTICS COMMITTEE (PTC) IN
DRUG SAFETY
Drug safety is the moral, legal and professional obligation of
pharmacist.
It includes responsibility from dispensing of drugs to drug
administration.
Following guidelines may sub serve the committee in
ascertaining the adequate safety factor of hospital pharmacy:
1. The hospital must employ a qualified, at least, a registered
pharmacist with at least B. Pharma degree as ‘Chief
Pharmacist’ and the rest are may be at least Diploma
holders in pharmacist.

16. Contd..
2. Should not permit non-pharmacist personnel to dispense
drugs and allied materials.
3. Must employ a sufficient members of qualified considering
the work load of a pharmacist and allow for adequate
coverage(7days/week).
4. Must provide adequate safe, work space, and storage facilities.
5. Should have equipment necessary to safely and adequately
carry out the modern practice of pharmacy.

17. Contd..
6. Must have an automatic stop order regulation for
dangerous drugs. eg: narcotics, anticoagulants etc.
7. Should have a drug formulary which periodically revised
and kept up to date.
8. The poisonous materials are separated from non-
poisonous materials in the pharmacy.
9. The external use preparations should be separated from
internal used medications.

18. Contd..
10. Must have adequate quality control measures and follow good
manufacturing practices.
11. Should provide a teaching program to teach students, nurses the
basic course of pharmaceutical mathematics and pharmacology.
12. Should be periodically inspected in order to remove
deteriorated and outdated drugs as well as to check all labels for
legibility.
13. Should have an adequate reference library which contains texts
on pharmacology, toxicology, posology, and journals containing
information on newer developments in the pharmaceutical world.

19. ROLE OF PTC IN ADVERSE DRUG
REACTION MONITORING
PROGRAMME
An adverse drug reaction is defined as any usual of
unexpected harmful reaction including acute poisonings by
narcotics, barbiturates, and amphetamines as well as
industrial poisonings.
There is a proportionate increase in the drug reactions.
In order to gain an understanding of these problems and to
formulate competent opinions, prevention and treatment,
the PTC must assume the responsibility for the developing
and instituting a procedure for the purpose of committee.

20. ROLE OF PTC IN
“EMERGENCY DRUG LISTS”
The Time Factor is necessary for the Pharmacy and Therapeutics
Committee of a hospital to get prepared boxes containing
emergency drugs which should be always available readily for use
at the bed-side.
List of such drugs and other supplies should compiled by
Committee, and it should find their place in “Emergency Kits”
After the emergency boxes have been placed in the wards, it is
very essential and compulsory that a system is developed whereby
they are checked daily either by the hospital pharmacists or by
nursing supervisor responsible for the ward.

21. ROLE OF PHARMACY AND THERAPEUTIC
COMMITTEE IN DRUG PRODUCT
DEFECT REPORTING PROGRAMME
The drugs purchased by hospital may be defective in
quality.
It is for the committee to get information about the
defective drug products and to inform it first to the
manufacturer for appropriate action.
If satisfactory answer is not obtained from the
manufacturer , it should be reported to the Food and
Drug Control Administration.

22. ROLE OF PHARMACY AND
THERAPEUTICS COMMITTEE IN
DRUG UTILISATION REVIEW
Drug utilization includes prescribing, dispensing,
administering and ingesting of prescription of drugs.
Hospital pharmacist should take medication history that
should include following information:
1. Medication being taken at the time of admission, during
admission, home remedies.
2. Drug allergies and idiosyncrasy towards food products etc.

23. Contd..
Patent medication profile to be maintained for each patient. This will serve the
following purposes:
1. To help improved drug prescribing practices by promoting the safe and
rational use of drugs.
2. To detect and help prevent drug-interactions.
3. To detect and prevent adverse drug reactions in sensitive patients.
4. To detect and prevents IV additive incompatibilities.
5. To detect drug-induced diseases.
6. To help detect and prevent potential drug-toxicities.

24. ETHICAL CONCERNS
OF THE PTC
The committee needs to operate in a manner that ensures
transparency and avoids conflicts of interest with
manufacturers and distributors of drugs or medical supplies.
In order for the committee to maintain objectivity and
credibility, it is necessary that a strict ethics policy be
provided and rigorously enforced.
There can be no relationships with the pharmaceutical
companies other than a purely professional one that
encourages the flow of unbiased information about their
drug products.

25. CHALLENGES
Revenue retention.
Preservation of market share.
Cost containment.
Legal considerations.
Technological change/advancement.
Eroding economic climate for hospitals.
Coping with hospital management that is more business-oriented.
Becoming more involved in assisting the hospital in strengthening
its market position.
Controlling costs of goods and operating expenses.
Gaining and retaining an acceptable share of the hospital’s financial
resources.

26. REFERENCES
http://www.pharmpress.com/files/docs/
epm2e_samplechapter.pdf
http://www.srmuniv.ac.in/sites/default/files/files/
Pharmacy.pdf
http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js4882e/4.2.html

27. THANK YOU