1. Development Problem of Developing Country.
2. Philippine Expenditure Policies
3. Classification of the Philippine Public Expenditures
4. Expenditure Patterns according to nature of Expenses
The document discusses patterns of public expenditure in the Philippines from 2001-2011. It classifies expenditures according to level of government, nature, function, and type of funds. Charts show expenditure trends increasing as a percentage of GDP and outpacing revenue growth. Expenditures are primarily for economic and social services, with increasing operating costs and capital outlays. Conclusions note constant expenditure growth due to expanding government services and population. Recommendations include eliminating wasteful spending and increasing fiscal discipline.
Fiscal policy refers to a government's taxing and spending decisions. The document discusses the fiscal policies of past Philippine administrations. The Marcos administration focused on indirect taxes and infrastructure spending. The first Aquino administration reduced deficits through tax reform and a value added tax. The Ramos administration had surpluses from asset sales and foreign investment. The Arroyo administration enacted expanded VAT but debt peaked and infrastructure spending declined. The current Aquino administration faced deficits but raised GDP.
Philippine Public Fiscal Administration by Daisy T. Besing (MPA)Daisy Besing
This document discusses fiscal administration, which involves managing financial resources for governments and other public institutions. It outlines key aspects of fiscal administration including systems and processes for budgeting, accounting, auditing, and managing revenue and expenditures. It also provides historical details on the development of fiscal administration in the Philippines, describing the government agencies and processes involved in national and local budgeting and financial management.
Fiscal administration involves the management of financial resources including revenue generation, fund availability, and ensuring funds are spent wisely, lawfully, and efficiently. It is an important administrative responsibility. The key Philippine government agencies involved in fiscal functions are Congress, the Department of Finance, Department of Budget and Management, and Commission on Audit. The budget process involves preparation, authorization, implementation, and accountability stages at both the national and local levels.
The document discusses public fiscal administration and the national budgeting process in the Philippines. It provides information on key aspects of fiscal administration including budget formulation, implementation, evaluation and auditing. It also describes the national budget cycle including preparation, legislation, execution and accountability. Details are given on the budget preparation process, forms and contents of the national budget, budget amounts from 2010 to the proposed 2018 budget, and the legislative budget process in the Philippines Congress.
The document discusses the sources of funds for the National Government which include tax revenues, non-tax revenues, borrowings, and withdrawals from cash balances. It provides details on different types of taxes and non-tax revenues. It also explains the purpose of government borrowings from domestic and foreign sources. The document then discusses the different dimensions of the national budget such as sectors, cost structures, expense classes, major recipients, and regional allocations. It concludes by outlining the process of creating pork barrel funds through the preparation, authorization, and execution of the national budget.
This document discusses sources of revenue for local governments in the Philippines. It explains that the main sources of revenue are taxes collected locally, fees and licenses, shares of national taxes through the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA), and occasional grants from the national government. The IRA was increased from 20% to 40% of total national tax collections under the new local government code, and the sharing among provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays was modified. The document recommends adding revenue collection performance as a criterion for allocating the IRA to incentivize greater tax collection efforts at the local level.
The document discusses patterns of public expenditure in the Philippines from 2001-2011. It classifies expenditures according to level of government, nature, function, and type of funds. Charts show expenditure trends increasing as a percentage of GDP and outpacing revenue growth. Expenditures are primarily for economic and social services, with increasing operating costs and capital outlays. Conclusions note constant expenditure growth due to expanding government services and population. Recommendations include eliminating wasteful spending and increasing fiscal discipline.
Fiscal policy refers to a government's taxing and spending decisions. The document discusses the fiscal policies of past Philippine administrations. The Marcos administration focused on indirect taxes and infrastructure spending. The first Aquino administration reduced deficits through tax reform and a value added tax. The Ramos administration had surpluses from asset sales and foreign investment. The Arroyo administration enacted expanded VAT but debt peaked and infrastructure spending declined. The current Aquino administration faced deficits but raised GDP.
Philippine Public Fiscal Administration by Daisy T. Besing (MPA)Daisy Besing
This document discusses fiscal administration, which involves managing financial resources for governments and other public institutions. It outlines key aspects of fiscal administration including systems and processes for budgeting, accounting, auditing, and managing revenue and expenditures. It also provides historical details on the development of fiscal administration in the Philippines, describing the government agencies and processes involved in national and local budgeting and financial management.
Fiscal administration involves the management of financial resources including revenue generation, fund availability, and ensuring funds are spent wisely, lawfully, and efficiently. It is an important administrative responsibility. The key Philippine government agencies involved in fiscal functions are Congress, the Department of Finance, Department of Budget and Management, and Commission on Audit. The budget process involves preparation, authorization, implementation, and accountability stages at both the national and local levels.
The document discusses public fiscal administration and the national budgeting process in the Philippines. It provides information on key aspects of fiscal administration including budget formulation, implementation, evaluation and auditing. It also describes the national budget cycle including preparation, legislation, execution and accountability. Details are given on the budget preparation process, forms and contents of the national budget, budget amounts from 2010 to the proposed 2018 budget, and the legislative budget process in the Philippines Congress.
The document discusses the sources of funds for the National Government which include tax revenues, non-tax revenues, borrowings, and withdrawals from cash balances. It provides details on different types of taxes and non-tax revenues. It also explains the purpose of government borrowings from domestic and foreign sources. The document then discusses the different dimensions of the national budget such as sectors, cost structures, expense classes, major recipients, and regional allocations. It concludes by outlining the process of creating pork barrel funds through the preparation, authorization, and execution of the national budget.
This document discusses sources of revenue for local governments in the Philippines. It explains that the main sources of revenue are taxes collected locally, fees and licenses, shares of national taxes through the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA), and occasional grants from the national government. The IRA was increased from 20% to 40% of total national tax collections under the new local government code, and the sharing among provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays was modified. The document recommends adding revenue collection performance as a criterion for allocating the IRA to incentivize greater tax collection efforts at the local level.
E-governance in the Philippines refers to the use of information and communication technologies by government agencies to transform relationships with citizens, businesses, and other government entities to improve service delivery. In 2007, the Philippines was ranked 17th among 191 countries in terms of quality of government websites and use of ICT tools, and 4th in Asia in terms of e-government readiness. The Philippines was also ranked 15th globally on an e-participation index measuring how well government websites promote participatory decision-making.
Public Fiscal Management (Economic planning and fiscal management in the Phil...Jeff Gadong
The Philippines has traditionally had a private enterprise economy with limited government intervention. While some state-owned enterprises expanded under Marcos, the Aquino government pursued privatization. Economic planning focused on growth targets and project implementation. Responsibility for planning fell to the National Economic and Development Authority (NEADA). The NEADA produced several 5-year plans under Marcos and Aquino focusing on poverty alleviation, employment, and equitable growth. However, goals were not always achieved due to conflicts and indecisiveness. The government also focused on maintaining relations with international creditors, limiting development spending.
This document provides an overview of public administration in the Philippines. It discusses that there is a Philippine public administration as it addresses specific sectoral concerns and is a field of study. It also exists considering the role of the bureaucracy in Philippine governance. The key institutions of the Philippine Administrative System are also outlined, including the executive, legislative, and judicial branches at the national and local levels. The relationships between different administrative units are described. The budget cycle and process in the Philippines is also summarized.
This document discusses public fiscal administration in the Philippines. It defines public fiscal administration as the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of taxation, revenue administration, resource allocation, budgeting, public expenditure, borrowing, debt management, accounting, and auditing policies. It describes how fiscal policies are closely linked to other government policies and are influenced by political processes. It also outlines the key government agencies involved in fiscal policy administration and their roles, including the Department of Finance, Department of Budget and Management, National Economic Development Authority, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, and Development Budget Coordination Council.
Public finance deals with the government's revenue and expenditures. It has expanded in scope from just covering administrative and defense costs to also promoting citizen welfare through various economic and social functions. The subject matter of public finance includes studying the effects of taxation, spending, borrowing, and deficits on economic goals like growth, stability, equity, and efficiency. It also analyzes the fiscal policies used to achieve these objectives. Public finance has traditionally been divided into four parts - public revenue, public expenditure, public debt, and financial administration.
Vol5 LGU Budget And Expenditure Management Toolsrommer101
This document provides guidelines and tools for local governments in the Philippines for budget preparation, authorization, review, execution, and accountability. It discusses approaches for analyzing income and expenditure trends, formulating revenue estimates, setting expenditure ceilings, costing activities, and defining performance indicators. Forms and tables are provided for each stage of the budget process to guide analysis and ensure compliance with requirements.
The document discusses the history and processes of fiscal administration in the Philippines. It begins with definitions of fiscal administration and describes how it has evolved from the Revolutionary Government in the late 1800s to present day. It outlines the principal agencies involved in fiscal functions like the Department of Finance, Department of Budget and Management, and Commission on Audit. The document also discusses budgeting concepts, income sources, fiscal control mechanisms, and new policy guidelines for budgeting that focus on priority development areas and performance-based spending.
During the preparation phase, the Executive prepares the proposed National Budget. This is followed by the legislation phase where the Congress authorize the General Appropriations Act. In the execution phase, agencies utilize their approved budgets and during the accountability phase the executive phase, agencies utilize their approved, the executive monitor and evaluate the use of the budget
This presentation discusses local fiscal administration in the Philippines. It defines local fiscal administration and outlines its scope, including revenue generation, allocation and utilization, and other aspects. It discusses the legal basis of local fiscal administration per the constitution and relevant laws. The institutional framework and organization of local fiscal administration are presented, including the roles of national government agencies, local government units at the provincial, city, and municipal levels, and their mandatory and optional offices. Policies of fiscal and monetary policy are briefly introduced. Realities facing local fiscal administration like dependence on central government funds and lack of coordination are also noted.
National Development and Revenue ExpenditureKaren S.
The document discusses public fiscal administration in the Philippines, including taxation, revenue, and expenditures at the national and local levels. It provides details on:
- The roles of the Bureau of Internal Revenue and Bureau of Customs in tax collection.
- Sources of revenue and financing for the national government, local governments, and public corporations through taxation, borrowing, and other means.
- The processes involved in public expenditures at different levels of government.
Philippine Public Financial Management System and its Role in National Develo...O C
This document discusses public financial management in the Philippines. It provides an overview of key concepts in public financial management including fiscal discipline, efficiency, and transparency. It also outlines the Philippine public financial management cycle and priorities such as investing in economic and social services. Challenges are discussed such as underspending and the need for performance-based budgeting and cash-based appropriations. Overall the document presents concepts and priorities for the Philippine public financial management system and its role in national development.
The Constitutional and Legal Basis of Public Finance in the PhilippinesLym Relampagos Ongoy
Presentation Report for MPA 457 Public Fiscal Administration. Majority of the topic taken from the book of Secretary Leonor Magtolis Briones "Philippine Public Fiscal Administration".
Presentation by Dr. Nyah Zebong Asaah at the Urban Age “Developing Urban Futures” conference in Addis Ababa on November 30th, 2018.
Watch his presentation on YouTube: https://youtu.be/e3eJjouc4mc
1. Devolution is a form of decentralization that transfers decision making authority and responsibilities for certain functions from the national government to local government units. This includes functions related to agriculture, forestry, public works, education, health, and others.
2. The purpose of decentralization through devolution is to empower local communities and make local governments more self-reliant partners in nation-building by giving them control over decisions and resources.
3. Some challenges local governments face with devolution include potential mismatches between their responsibilities and capacities, reliance on national government funding, financial limitations, and poverty within their jurisdictions.
This document outlines the Philippine government's budget preparation process which includes:
1) A budget call issued by the Department of Budget and Management to government agencies to submit their budget proposals.
2) Stakeholder engagement sessions held for agencies to discuss their proposals with civil society groups.
3) Technical budget hearings held for agencies to defend their proposals to DBM panels.
4) An executive review process where budget proposals are prioritized and approved by the President and Cabinet.
5) The approved budget is then presented to Congress for legislation into the annual budget law.
Fiscal policy uses government spending and taxation to influence the economy. It aims to stimulate growth through deficit budgets but may also have non-economic goals that conflict with this. Taxes are collected from individuals, businesses, and imports while government borrows internally from institutions like the central bank or externally from foreign entities. Fiscal policy can be expansionary through tax cuts and more spending or contractionary with tax increases and less spending to restrict aggregate demand in the economy.
This document discusses taxation and government finance. It defines taxation as an enforced contribution levied by governments on persons, property, and activities. It notes that taxation is used to generate government income needed to pay for public services and drive economic development. The document outlines various types of taxes in the Philippines including income tax, value added tax, and taxes on property transfers, businesses, and natural resources. It also describes the government agencies responsible for tax collection and administration, including the Bureau of Internal Revenue, Bureau of Customs, and Bureau of Treasury.
The document discusses fiscal administration in the Philippines, outlining the government agencies and processes involved in public financial management. It describes the national and local budgeting systems, including the stages of budget preparation, authorization, implementation and accountability. Key aspects of local fiscal administration are also summarized such as revenue sources, legal basis, types of funds, and the local budgetary process.
The document discusses the strong macroeconomic fundamentals and economic growth of the Philippines in recent years. It notes that GDP growth has accelerated to over 5% annually despite natural disasters, driven by robust private consumption, investment, and growth in the manufacturing and services sectors. Inflation has remained low and stable between 3-5% while interest rates are historically low. The stock market and competitiveness rankings have also improved significantly in recent years according to various reports. However, challenges remain in generating higher and more inclusive economic growth through productivity gains and better job creation.
This document discusses key economic indicators and concepts that managers should consider when assessing a country's economic environment. It covers topics such as gross domestic product, inflation, unemployment, income distribution, poverty, debt, and balance of payments. Economic systems such as market economies, command economies, and mixed economies are also profiled. The document emphasizes that economic environments differ globally and it is important for managers to understand economic changes, connections, and consequences in different country contexts.
E-governance in the Philippines refers to the use of information and communication technologies by government agencies to transform relationships with citizens, businesses, and other government entities to improve service delivery. In 2007, the Philippines was ranked 17th among 191 countries in terms of quality of government websites and use of ICT tools, and 4th in Asia in terms of e-government readiness. The Philippines was also ranked 15th globally on an e-participation index measuring how well government websites promote participatory decision-making.
Public Fiscal Management (Economic planning and fiscal management in the Phil...Jeff Gadong
The Philippines has traditionally had a private enterprise economy with limited government intervention. While some state-owned enterprises expanded under Marcos, the Aquino government pursued privatization. Economic planning focused on growth targets and project implementation. Responsibility for planning fell to the National Economic and Development Authority (NEADA). The NEADA produced several 5-year plans under Marcos and Aquino focusing on poverty alleviation, employment, and equitable growth. However, goals were not always achieved due to conflicts and indecisiveness. The government also focused on maintaining relations with international creditors, limiting development spending.
This document provides an overview of public administration in the Philippines. It discusses that there is a Philippine public administration as it addresses specific sectoral concerns and is a field of study. It also exists considering the role of the bureaucracy in Philippine governance. The key institutions of the Philippine Administrative System are also outlined, including the executive, legislative, and judicial branches at the national and local levels. The relationships between different administrative units are described. The budget cycle and process in the Philippines is also summarized.
This document discusses public fiscal administration in the Philippines. It defines public fiscal administration as the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of taxation, revenue administration, resource allocation, budgeting, public expenditure, borrowing, debt management, accounting, and auditing policies. It describes how fiscal policies are closely linked to other government policies and are influenced by political processes. It also outlines the key government agencies involved in fiscal policy administration and their roles, including the Department of Finance, Department of Budget and Management, National Economic Development Authority, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, and Development Budget Coordination Council.
Public finance deals with the government's revenue and expenditures. It has expanded in scope from just covering administrative and defense costs to also promoting citizen welfare through various economic and social functions. The subject matter of public finance includes studying the effects of taxation, spending, borrowing, and deficits on economic goals like growth, stability, equity, and efficiency. It also analyzes the fiscal policies used to achieve these objectives. Public finance has traditionally been divided into four parts - public revenue, public expenditure, public debt, and financial administration.
Vol5 LGU Budget And Expenditure Management Toolsrommer101
This document provides guidelines and tools for local governments in the Philippines for budget preparation, authorization, review, execution, and accountability. It discusses approaches for analyzing income and expenditure trends, formulating revenue estimates, setting expenditure ceilings, costing activities, and defining performance indicators. Forms and tables are provided for each stage of the budget process to guide analysis and ensure compliance with requirements.
The document discusses the history and processes of fiscal administration in the Philippines. It begins with definitions of fiscal administration and describes how it has evolved from the Revolutionary Government in the late 1800s to present day. It outlines the principal agencies involved in fiscal functions like the Department of Finance, Department of Budget and Management, and Commission on Audit. The document also discusses budgeting concepts, income sources, fiscal control mechanisms, and new policy guidelines for budgeting that focus on priority development areas and performance-based spending.
During the preparation phase, the Executive prepares the proposed National Budget. This is followed by the legislation phase where the Congress authorize the General Appropriations Act. In the execution phase, agencies utilize their approved budgets and during the accountability phase the executive phase, agencies utilize their approved, the executive monitor and evaluate the use of the budget
This presentation discusses local fiscal administration in the Philippines. It defines local fiscal administration and outlines its scope, including revenue generation, allocation and utilization, and other aspects. It discusses the legal basis of local fiscal administration per the constitution and relevant laws. The institutional framework and organization of local fiscal administration are presented, including the roles of national government agencies, local government units at the provincial, city, and municipal levels, and their mandatory and optional offices. Policies of fiscal and monetary policy are briefly introduced. Realities facing local fiscal administration like dependence on central government funds and lack of coordination are also noted.
National Development and Revenue ExpenditureKaren S.
The document discusses public fiscal administration in the Philippines, including taxation, revenue, and expenditures at the national and local levels. It provides details on:
- The roles of the Bureau of Internal Revenue and Bureau of Customs in tax collection.
- Sources of revenue and financing for the national government, local governments, and public corporations through taxation, borrowing, and other means.
- The processes involved in public expenditures at different levels of government.
Philippine Public Financial Management System and its Role in National Develo...O C
This document discusses public financial management in the Philippines. It provides an overview of key concepts in public financial management including fiscal discipline, efficiency, and transparency. It also outlines the Philippine public financial management cycle and priorities such as investing in economic and social services. Challenges are discussed such as underspending and the need for performance-based budgeting and cash-based appropriations. Overall the document presents concepts and priorities for the Philippine public financial management system and its role in national development.
The Constitutional and Legal Basis of Public Finance in the PhilippinesLym Relampagos Ongoy
Presentation Report for MPA 457 Public Fiscal Administration. Majority of the topic taken from the book of Secretary Leonor Magtolis Briones "Philippine Public Fiscal Administration".
Presentation by Dr. Nyah Zebong Asaah at the Urban Age “Developing Urban Futures” conference in Addis Ababa on November 30th, 2018.
Watch his presentation on YouTube: https://youtu.be/e3eJjouc4mc
1. Devolution is a form of decentralization that transfers decision making authority and responsibilities for certain functions from the national government to local government units. This includes functions related to agriculture, forestry, public works, education, health, and others.
2. The purpose of decentralization through devolution is to empower local communities and make local governments more self-reliant partners in nation-building by giving them control over decisions and resources.
3. Some challenges local governments face with devolution include potential mismatches between their responsibilities and capacities, reliance on national government funding, financial limitations, and poverty within their jurisdictions.
This document outlines the Philippine government's budget preparation process which includes:
1) A budget call issued by the Department of Budget and Management to government agencies to submit their budget proposals.
2) Stakeholder engagement sessions held for agencies to discuss their proposals with civil society groups.
3) Technical budget hearings held for agencies to defend their proposals to DBM panels.
4) An executive review process where budget proposals are prioritized and approved by the President and Cabinet.
5) The approved budget is then presented to Congress for legislation into the annual budget law.
Fiscal policy uses government spending and taxation to influence the economy. It aims to stimulate growth through deficit budgets but may also have non-economic goals that conflict with this. Taxes are collected from individuals, businesses, and imports while government borrows internally from institutions like the central bank or externally from foreign entities. Fiscal policy can be expansionary through tax cuts and more spending or contractionary with tax increases and less spending to restrict aggregate demand in the economy.
This document discusses taxation and government finance. It defines taxation as an enforced contribution levied by governments on persons, property, and activities. It notes that taxation is used to generate government income needed to pay for public services and drive economic development. The document outlines various types of taxes in the Philippines including income tax, value added tax, and taxes on property transfers, businesses, and natural resources. It also describes the government agencies responsible for tax collection and administration, including the Bureau of Internal Revenue, Bureau of Customs, and Bureau of Treasury.
The document discusses fiscal administration in the Philippines, outlining the government agencies and processes involved in public financial management. It describes the national and local budgeting systems, including the stages of budget preparation, authorization, implementation and accountability. Key aspects of local fiscal administration are also summarized such as revenue sources, legal basis, types of funds, and the local budgetary process.
The document discusses the strong macroeconomic fundamentals and economic growth of the Philippines in recent years. It notes that GDP growth has accelerated to over 5% annually despite natural disasters, driven by robust private consumption, investment, and growth in the manufacturing and services sectors. Inflation has remained low and stable between 3-5% while interest rates are historically low. The stock market and competitiveness rankings have also improved significantly in recent years according to various reports. However, challenges remain in generating higher and more inclusive economic growth through productivity gains and better job creation.
This document discusses key economic indicators and concepts that managers should consider when assessing a country's economic environment. It covers topics such as gross domestic product, inflation, unemployment, income distribution, poverty, debt, and balance of payments. Economic systems such as market economies, command economies, and mixed economies are also profiled. The document emphasizes that economic environments differ globally and it is important for managers to understand economic changes, connections, and consequences in different country contexts.
1. Pakistan has experienced significant economic growth and development over the past decades, with per capita incomes increasing over six-fold and the country becoming self-sufficient in food production and a leading cotton and textiles exporter.
2. However, social development has lagged behind with adult literacy around 50% rather than 100%, contributing to per capita income being around $640 rather than $1200. Neglect of education, population growth, and periods of policy instability have held Pakistan back from its full economic potential.
3. In recent years, Pakistan has achieved macroeconomic stability through reforms like fiscal discipline, trade liberalization, privatization, and improved governance. However, challenges of poverty and unemployment remain that will require continued strong
Dr Dev Kambhampati | Doing Business in Philippines- 2013 Country Commercial G...Dr Dev Kambhampati
This document provides an overview of doing business in the Philippines. It discusses the country's strong economic growth over recent years, as well as key sectors of opportunity such as information and communication technology, medical products, energy, and water resources. However, it also notes ongoing challenges such as graft and corruption, an ineffective judicial system, and infrastructure deficiencies. The document recommends that U.S. companies pursuing opportunities in the Philippines consider using local agents and distributors to help navigate the market.
Economic reforms were introduced in India in the 1990s led by then Finance Minister Manmohan Singh to liberalize the socialist economy. Prior to reforms, India faced high deficits, low growth at 3.2% annually, and a large unproductive public sector. Reforms aimed to reduce state control over production, establish economic freedom, and dismantle the permit system. Initial results were positive with inflation and interest rates falling and higher growth rates of 4-6% annually in the 1990s compared to 2.9% in the 1980s. However, the reform process has since slowed due to resistance to further changes and a lack of political will to implement additional reforms.
Presentation titled, 'Improving Public Investment Management in the Caribbean,' delivered by Dr. Wendell Samuel, CARTAC Center Coordinator at the Conference, 'Project Cycle Management Conference - A Cornerstone of Implementation and Delivery,' September 2019 in St. George's Grenada.
Three key constraints on growth and development facing many emerging countries are: 1) weak infrastructure like inadequate power, transport, and water systems that increase business costs and hinder exports; 2) dependence on volatile primary commodity exports that leaves economies vulnerable to price fluctuations; and 3) macroeconomic instability, conflicts, corruption, and poor governance that damage investor confidence and deter investment.
Globalization has led to both benefits and disadvantages for developing countries. It has encouraged specialization and deeper trade integration, however, it has also contributed to imbalances between and within countries. While globalization has helped lift many people out of extreme poverty, inequality has risen in some places. Overall, reducing inequality through progressive policies could boost aggregate demand and economic growth, but only if tax revenues are spent effectively and social mobility is high enough.
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1) In 1991, India implemented economic reforms known as Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (LPG) due to factors like a balance of payments crisis, high government debt, and inefficiency.
2) Liberalization reduced regulations on industry and trade. Privatization transferred ownership of public sector enterprises to private companies. Globalization opened the economy to foreign investment and trade.
3) The LPG reforms accelerated India's economic growth, increased exports and foreign investment, and improved standards of living. However, challenges remain to ensure equal benefits of growth and further reforms.
The document discusses the Economic Survey of India and provides context around key economic indicators. It summarizes that the Economic Survey reviews India's economic performance in the previous year and aims to inform the formulation of the upcoming budget. It then highlights some of the key figures from the 2005-2006 Economic Survey such as GDP growth projected at 8.1%, agriculture growth at 2.3%, and inflation projected at 5%. The document also discusses concepts like fiscal deficit, revenue deficit, and debt indicators for central and state governments combined.
DPA 314 Special Issues in the Administration of Economic DevelopmentJo Balucanag - Bitonio
This document discusses special issues in the administration of economic development in the Philippines. It examines the functions of government in developing economies, including establishing economic environments. The economic environment in the Philippines is analyzed based on factors like economic freedom, rule of law, limited government, regulatory efficiency, open markets, and more. Challenges like corruption and an inefficient judiciary are also discussed. The document advocates for a positive approach by governments to promote development through policies focused on inclusive growth, human capital development, social development, and regulating markets while addressing imperfections. Conditions specific to the Philippines like "labor surplus" and per capita income levels are also considered important contextual factors for determining appropriate government policies.
India – economic growth – trade and fipa deals with Canada - September 2017paul young cpa, cga
Canada and India have put added focus on a CEPA deal. The main stumbling block is the lack of FIPA deal. FIPA was negotiated in 2007, but was never signed by India. India wants disputes to go through the Indian court system. The problem is litigation could take up to five years.
This document provides an overview of the Indian economy and trade dependencies course taught by Dr. Bhati Rakesh at Sinhgad Institute of Business Administration & Computer Application. The course covers 5 units: introduction to the Indian economy and alternative development strategies since 1991; planning and economic development; Indian industries; foreign trade and capital; and India's role in the global economy. Key topics discussed include trends in national income, growth, and economic structure since India's 1991 economic reforms, the country's shift from a regulated to liberalized economy, and strategies to increase India's national income level and growth rate through developing agriculture, industry, infrastructure, and raising investment.
This document discusses various sources and approaches to financing development. It describes financing from international institutions like the IMF and World Bank which provide loans, grants and other funding. It also discusses domestic resource mobilization through taxes and spending by national governments. Private sector financing approaches include blended finance which blends public and private funds, as well as philanthropic funding. Challenges to development financing include situations of conflict and fragility. Innovative financing solutions and partnerships are needed to help address development needs in these difficult contexts.
The document outlines a strategy for the World Bank to support shared and sustainable growth in East Asia and the Pacific region. It discusses four pillars: 1) Partnering with middle-income countries to sustain economic gains and reduce inequality, 2) Supporting development in fragile states through investments in institutions, health, education and infrastructure, 3) Strengthening cooperation on global issues like climate change and financial integration, and 4) Facilitating knowledge exchange and supporting the region's role in global governance. The strategy aims to help the region balance fast growth with environmental sustainability and reduce vulnerabilities from issues like rising inequality and economic volatility.
Similar to Patterns of Philippine Expenditure (20)
The document discusses the history of the Philippine educational system and the trifocalization law. It provides context on how the educational system evolved from tribal tutors under the Spanish, to the implementation of American systems, Japanese occupation, and post-war reforms. It then outlines the mandates and focuses of the three main departments under trifocalization - DepEd for basic education, TESDA for technical/vocational training, and CHED for higher education. The trifocalization framework aims to improve coordination between the three sectors and clarify their roles in developing the country's human resources.
The document discusses different types of organizational structures. It describes functional, product, and matrix organizational structures. A functional structure divides the organization based on common job functions. A product structure organizes the company into separate divisions focused on different products or services. A matrix structure uses dual-reporting relationships where employees report to more than one manager. The document outlines advantages and disadvantages of each structure type. It compares hierarchical and flat structures, noting hierarchical structures follow strict chains of command while flat structures sacrifice efficiency for more autonomy and creative problem-solving.
This document discusses management thought from both past and present perspectives. It covers classical management theories from Weber, Taylor, and Fayol as well as behavioral management. For classical management, it outlines Weber's bureaucratic theory emphasizing hierarchy and rules, Taylor's scientific management focusing on efficiency, and Fayol's administrative theory covering managerial functions. For behavioral management, it discusses Mayo's Hawthorne Studies showing the impact of social factors and motivation on productivity. The document provides an overview of various management principles and functions to understand different frameworks for organizing and leading organizations.
Impact of global & societal order in HRM: SDG & Ambisyon Natin 2040Bladimer Mayo-Dadulla
This document discusses the impact of globalization and sustainable development goals on human resource management. It begins by outlining the objectives of discussing these impacts and introducing the game of unscrambling words related to HR. It then addresses how globalization affects HR practices such as attracting international employees, navigating various laws and customs, managing talent competition, and ensuring diversity and social responsibility. Both the benefits and challenges of globalization for HR are presented. Sustainable development goals and their aim to balance economic, social and environmental issues are introduced. Finally, Ambisyon Natin 2040 which outlines Filipinos' goals and aspirations for 2040 is summarized based on a national survey.
This document discusses key concepts related to staffing processes, leading processes, and human motivation in the workplace. It begins by outlining objectives for understanding the differences between staffing and leading, relevant theories, maximizing organizational capacity, and resolving conflicts. It then defines staffing and leading processes, including their functions and importance. The document outlines various leadership theories and approaches to team management. It also discusses theories of human motivation and conflict management techniques and processes.
This document discusses human resource management in education. It outlines the functions of HR which include staff maintenance, staff relations, staff development, procurement of staff, and job performance reward. The roles of HR in education are to allocate the workforce to tasks and decide the number and skill sets of new employees to hire. Effective HR management in education addresses three major issues - ensuring employees have the required skills for their tasks, developing employees, and creating a conducive work environment. Challenges that HR faces in education include problems with staffing, poor working conditions, and integrating information and communication technology.
This document discusses curriculum development and different models for developing curriculum. It defines curriculum as both a listing of subjects to be taught and the total learning experiences of students. Curriculum development plays an important role in improving a country's economy and addressing social issues. The document outlines four phases of curriculum development: planning, designing, implementing, and evaluating. It then describes several models for curriculum development, including Tyler's top-down model, Taba's grass roots bottom-up model, and the Saylor and Alexander model which involves setting goals and objectives, designing, implementing, and evaluating the curriculum.
Anthropology is the scientific study of humans, human behavior, and societies. It combines knowledge from various disciplines to understand what it means to be human. There are four main domains of anthropology: archaeology studies human cultures through material remains; biological anthropology examines human physical forms and evolution; linguistic anthropology explores how language shapes social life; and cultural anthropology describes and analyzes how learned beliefs and material worlds influence human actions. Understanding anthropology is important for gaining insight into human culture and society, both past and present.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
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Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
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Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
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বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
10. PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
Is spending made by the
government of a country on
collective needs and wants
such as a pension, provision,
infrastructure, etc.
15. Capital & Revenue
Expenditure
Refers to that expenditure that results
in the creation of fixed assets.
Also knowns as development
expenditure
It is an investment expenditure and
non-recurring type of expenditure
16. Development & Non-Developmental
Expenditure/Productive & Non-
Productive
Expenditure on infrastructure
development, public
enterprises or development of
agriculture increase
productive capacity in the
economy and bring income to
the government.
17. Transfer & Non-Transfer
Expenditure
Transfer expenditure – refers to those kind of expenditures
against which there is no corresponding transfer of real
resources.
Such expenditure includes public expenditure on the
National Old pension scheme, interest payments, subsidies,
unemployment allowances, welfare benefits to weaker
sections etc.
Non-transfer expenditure relates to that expenditure that
results in the creation of income or output.
It includes development as well as non-development
expenditure
Economic infrastructure (Power, Transport, Irrigation etc.)
Social infrastructure (Education, Health & Family Welfare)
Internal Law & order & defense, public administration etc.
18. Plan and Non-Plan
Expenditure
Plan expenditure – incurred on development
activities outlined in the ongoing five year plan.
Incurred on Transport, rural development,
communication, agriculture, energy social
services, etc.
Non-Plan expenditure – incurred on those
activities which are not included in five year
plan.
It includes development and non-development
expenditure.
Defense, subsidies, interest payments,
maintenance etc.
20. Other classification
Civil Expenditure –
government/incurs this expenditure
to maintain law and order and the
administration of justice.
Development Expenditure –
development of agriculture,
industry, trade & commerce,
transport & communication etc.
24. “The problem is not that people
are taxed too little, the problem is
that government spends too
much.”
- RONAL REGAN
25.
26. References
ECONOMIC ISSUES IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD (THIRD WORLD) | Facts and Details
Four key challenges facing least developed countries | UNCTAD
Least developed countries remain marginalized in global exports | UNCTAD
Classification and Pattern of Philippine public expenditure by Mark Jim Ibus
Elements of Expenditure Policy and Expenditure Forecasting; Fiscal Analysis and Forecasting Workshop, Bangkok, Thailand, June 16 – 27, 2014, IMF
TAOLAM Office
Philippines Fiscal Expenditure - August 2022 Data - 1959-2021 Historical
Patterns of Philippine Expenditure
NEP-2022-VOLUME-1.pdf
What is Economic Development? - Province of British Columbia
What is economic development explain with example? Explore at BYJU’S IAS
Top 6 Reasons that Economic Development is Important to a Region’s Economy
Economic Stability - Network for Public Health Law
8: Stable Governance | United States Institute of Peace
Philippine Rural Development Project - SDGs - Philippines
Boosting Countryside Development in the Philippines: Livelihood Opportunities for Filipinos
Editor's Notes
Out of the P2,869.2 billion proposed budget for departments including automatic appropriations, the top ten highest recipients of the FY 2022 budget allocation account for P2,678.6 billion or 93.4% of the allocation. Their combined budgets comprise 53.3% of the P5,023.6 billion expenditure program.