The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) provides federal protections for individually identifiable health information. HIPAA assures that individuals' health information is properly protected and kept private. HIPAA covers protected health information such as demographic data, medical records, and any identifiable health information. Patients have rights under HIPAA to access, review, and request restrictions on use of their protected health information. Covered entities must notify patients of their privacy practices and are subject to penalties for non-compliance with HIPAA regulations enforced by agencies like the FBI and Office for Civil Rights.