This is a project for a high school AP Psychology course. For any questions about this project or its content please email the teacher, Laura Astorian: laura.astorian@cobbk12.org
Paranoid schizophrenia is characterized by predominantly positive symptoms of schizophrenia, including delusions and hallucinations. These debilitating symptoms blur the line between what is real and what isn't, making it difficult for the person to lead a typical life.
Paranoid schizophrenia is characterized by predominantly positive symptoms of schizophrenia, including delusions and hallucinations. These debilitating symptoms blur the line between what is real and what isn't, making it difficult for the person to lead a typical life.
Schizophrenia is a group of severe brain disorders in which people interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking and behaviour.
Contrary to some popular belief, schizophrenia is not split personality or multiple personality. The word “schizophrenia” does mean “split mind,” but it refers to a disruption of the usual balance of emotions and thinking (Mayo, 2013).
Schizophrenia is a chronic condition, requiring lifelong treatment.
hii guys this is my ongoing presentation from my speciality class i hope u guys lije that please so i hope it is been useful for u in ur specialities by getting little help with that
The word delirium means “out of one’s furrow” which refers to the dramatic behavior changes that the person may experience. Some have called delirium "brain failure” because it may represent a variety of caused such as heart failure does in cardiac health.
Delirium is an outcome of a general medical condition, head injury and drug intoxication or withdrawal.
obsessive-compulsive disorder is a mental disorder whose main symptoms include obsessions and compulsions, driving the person to engage in unwanted, often-times distress behaviors or thoughts. The obsessions are usually related to a sense of harm, risk or injury. The common Obsessions include concern about contamination, doubt, fear of loss or letting go, fear of physically injuring someone.It’s treatment is done through a combination of psychiatric medications and psychotherapy.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common, chronic and long-lasting disorder in which a person has uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions) that he or she feels the urge to repeat over and over.
An obsession is defined as an idea, impulse, or image which intrude into the conscious aware repeatedly.
This is a project for a high school AP Psychology course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological ailment. For questions about this blog project or its content please email the teacher Chris Jocham: jocham@fultonschools.org
Schizophrenia is a group of severe brain disorders in which people interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking and behaviour.
Contrary to some popular belief, schizophrenia is not split personality or multiple personality. The word “schizophrenia” does mean “split mind,” but it refers to a disruption of the usual balance of emotions and thinking (Mayo, 2013).
Schizophrenia is a chronic condition, requiring lifelong treatment.
hii guys this is my ongoing presentation from my speciality class i hope u guys lije that please so i hope it is been useful for u in ur specialities by getting little help with that
The word delirium means “out of one’s furrow” which refers to the dramatic behavior changes that the person may experience. Some have called delirium "brain failure” because it may represent a variety of caused such as heart failure does in cardiac health.
Delirium is an outcome of a general medical condition, head injury and drug intoxication or withdrawal.
obsessive-compulsive disorder is a mental disorder whose main symptoms include obsessions and compulsions, driving the person to engage in unwanted, often-times distress behaviors or thoughts. The obsessions are usually related to a sense of harm, risk or injury. The common Obsessions include concern about contamination, doubt, fear of loss or letting go, fear of physically injuring someone.It’s treatment is done through a combination of psychiatric medications and psychotherapy.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common, chronic and long-lasting disorder in which a person has uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions) that he or she feels the urge to repeat over and over.
An obsession is defined as an idea, impulse, or image which intrude into the conscious aware repeatedly.
This is a project for a high school AP Psychology course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological ailment. For questions about this blog project or its content please email the teacher Chris Jocham: jocham@fultonschools.org
SCHIZOPHRENIA:
slide 1: A long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation.
slide 14: Types:
• Paranoid-type schizophrenia is characterized by delusions and auditory hallucinations (hearing voices that don't exist) but relatively normal intellectual functioning and expression of emotions. People with paranoid-type schizophrenia can exhibit anger, aloofness, anxiety, and can be argumentative.
• Disorganized-type schizophrenia is characterized by speech and behavior that are disorganized or difficult to understand, and flattening or inappropriate emotions. People with disorganized-type schizophrenia may laugh inappropriately for no apparent reason, make illogical statements, or seem preoccupied with their own thoughts or perceptions. Their disorganized behavior may disrupt normal activities, such as showering, dressing, and preparing meals.
• Undifferentiated-type schizophrenia is characterized by some symptoms seen in all of the above types, but not enough of any one of them to define it as another particular type of schizophrenia.
• Residual-type schizophrenia is characterized by a past history of at least one episode of schizophrenia, but the person currently has no "positive" symptoms (such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, or behavior). It may represent a transition between a full-blown episode and complete remission, or it may continue for years without any further psychotic episodes.
Catatonic Schizophrenia
This type of schizophrenia includes extremes of behavior, including:
Catatonic excitement - overexcitement or hyperactivity, in which the patient may mimic sounds (echolalia) or movements (achopraxia) around them.
Catatonic stupor - a dramatic reduction in activity in which the patient cannot speak, move or respond. Virtually all movements stops.
Conclusion
It is clear now, through the use of genetic linkage studies and microbiology, that schizophrenia does indeed have a biological explanation. However, the biological explanation is only part of the story. A yet unknown combination of intense stress, sociocultural situations, and cognitive processes may lead to the actual onset of schizophrenia aided by natural precursors. The most compelling explanation seems to be that a genetically inherited biological abnormality gives rise to hallucinations/delusions as a result of intense stress and eventually leads to other negative symptoms in reaction to the hallucinations/ delusions. At any rate, the current understanding of schizophrenia explains that the symptoms, however easily identifiable, are the result of a complex interaction between nature and nurture that can be treated adequately through the use of atypical anti psychotic drugs and psychotherapy.
This is a very basic presentation for anyone who would like to have more information about schizophrenia. This was intended for the third year medical students. The criteria described are based on fourth edition of the DSM ( DSMIV). All these demarcations (types of) schizophrenia will be scrapped by the DSM V (this is the proposal as of now). But this could serve a historical puspose if seen after 2013.
A comprehensive slide on topic: schizophrenia. Compiled based on Newcastle University and NUMed Stage 5 learning outcomes in Mental Health module. Suitable for medical students and housemen who wish to revisit the topic. (Disclaimer: The diagnostic criteria ae based on ICD-10, so please check the latest version)
This is a project for a high school AP Psychology course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological ailment. For questions about this blog project or its content please email the teacher Chris Jocham: jocham@fultonschools.org
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
• Paranoid Schizophrenia
After clicking a disorder, click the Diagnostic Overview tab in the left column. This will cover the major diagnostic features of the disorder. After that, click the DSM-5 Features tab. You can then go though the Case History, Interview, and Treatment sections on the website. Finally, in the Assessment section, you can complete an optional multiple-choice quiz. You have to write a case report for each case study.
The format for the sample report is as follows:
Your Name
Instructor's Name
Class/Section Number
Background
• Outline the major symptoms of this disorder.
• Briefly outline the client's background (age, race, occupations, etc.).
• Describe any factors in the client's background that might predispose him or her to this disorder.
Observations
• Describe any symptoms that you have observed that support the diagnosis. You can include direct quotes or behaviors that you may have observed.
• Describe any symptoms or behaviors that are inconsistent with the diagnosis.
• Provide any information that you have about the development of this disorder.
Diagnosis
• Did you observe any evidence of general medical conditions that might contribute to the development of this disorder?
• Did you observe any evidence of psychosocial and environmental problems that might contribute to this disorder?
• As per your observations, what is the client’s overall level of safety regarding potential harm to self or others (suicidality or homicidality)?
• What cross-cultural issues, if any, affect the differential diagnosis?
Therapeutic Intervention
• In your opinion, what are the appropriate short-term goals of this intervention?
• In your opinion, what are the appropriate long-term goals of this intervention?
• Which therapeutic strategy seems the most appropriate in this case? Why?
• Which therapeutic modality seems the most appropriate in this case? Why?
APA format
Diagnostic overview
Schizophrenia is the most debilitating form of mental illness . This disorder which can come on quite suddenly distorts a person thoughts , perceptions and mood, and leaves them unable to meet the ordinary demands of life .
There is no single test to determine who suffers from schizophrenia. Instead the diagnoses is made when a person expresses a collection set of symptoms. The symptoms can be divided into three categories. One positive symptoms two negative symptoms and three social dysfunction.
One positive sentence
Positive symptoms include overt behaviors that are unusual and that interferes with the persons ability to interact in a daily life. The Two most common types of positive symptoms include delusional and hallucinations. It is essential to understand the difference between these two.
A delusion is a firmly held beliefs that is not grounded in real life. There are many types of delusions for example when a person vastly overestimate his or her importance we would ...
This a project for a high school AP Psychology course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological ailment. For questions about this blog project or its content please email the teacher Chris Jocham: jocham@fultonschools.org
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that generally appears in late adolescence or early adulthood - however, it can emerge at any time in life. It is one of many brain diseases that may include delusions, loss of personality (flat affect), confusion, agitation, social withdrawal, psychosis, and bizarre behavior.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
2. DISCLAIMER
This is a project for a high school AP Psychology course. For any
questions about this project or its content please email the teacher,
Laura Astorian: laura.astorian@cobbk12.org
3. COMMON MISCONCE PTIONS ABOUT
SCHIZ OPHRE NIA
Schizophrenia refers to multiple personalities
• People with schizophrenia do not have split personalities.
Schizophrenia is a rare condition
• Schizophrenia is not rare; the lifetime risk of developing
schizophrenia is widely accepted to be around 1 in 100
4. COMMON MISCONCE PTIONS ABOUT
SCHIZ OPHRE NIA
People with schizophrenia are dangerous
• Most people with schizophrenia are NOT a danger to others
People with schizophrenia can’t be helped
• There are actually many new treatments for people with
schizophrenia
5. TY PE S OF SCHIZ OPHRE NIA
First of all, there are 5 recognized types of schizophrenia:
• Disorganized Schizophrenia
• Paranoid Schizophrenia (which we will be focusing on)
• Residual Schizophrenia
• Undifferentiated Schizophrenia
• Catatonic Schizophrenia
6. WHAT E X ACTLY IS PARANOID
SCHIZ OPHRE NIA?
Paranoid schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder in which one loses
touch with reality
It affects the way a person acts, thinks, and perceives the world
7. HOW CAN ONE GE T THIS IL L NE SS?
It can be due mainly to 3 reasons:
• The Environment
• Abnormal Brain Structure
• Genetics
8. THE E NVIRONME NT
Low oxygen levels during birth
Exposure to a virus during infancy
Early parental loss or separation
Physical or sexual abuse during one’s childhood
9. ABNORMAL BRAIN STRUCTURE
Enlarged ventricles have been found in scans of the brains of
schizophrenic, leading scientists to draw correlations between the two
Furthermore, activity in the frontal lobe appears to be slower than
that of a healthy human
10.
11.
12. GE NE TICS
Generally, it is passed on genetically; however, one could possibly
develop it due to a traumatic event, or with age
The odds of one developing schizophrenia when neither of his or
her parents have it is less than 1%
However, when both parents have schizophrenia, the odds are
greater than 35%
13. AT W H AT AG E D O E S O N E U S UA L LY B E G I N
T O D E V E L O P PA R A N O I D S C H I Z O P H R E N I A ?
In nearly 75% of cases, schizophrenia develops in individuals 16-
25 years of age
In this age group, more cases are found in which men have it
From age 25-30, more women have it
From 30 on, cases in which schizophrenia develops are very rare
14.
15. UNIVE RSAL SY MPTOMS
Disorder
• Disorganized Thoughts
Delusions
• Of grandeur
• Of persecution
Hallucinations
Disorganized speech and thoughts
17. DIAGNOSIS
To diagnose paranoid schizophrenia, psychologists look for:
• The presence of at least 2 of the following symptoms for at least 30 days:
• Hallucinations
• Delusions
• Disorganized speech
• Disorganized or catatonic behavior
• Negative symptoms (emotional flatness, apathy, lack of speech)
• Significant problems functioning at work or school, relating to other
people, and taking care of oneself.
• Continuous signs of schizophrenia for at least 6 months, with active
symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, etc.) for at least 1 month.
18. DIAGNOSIS
Doctors generally use 3 methods for diagnosing schizophrenia:
• Perform psychiatric evaluations
• Search through medical history and exams
• Perform lab tests
19. E FFE CTS
Many schizophrenics have relationship problems
There is also an increased risk of suicide
Alcohol and drug use is likely to increase, and in many cases
addiction seems to form
20. TRE ATMENTS
Various methods are used to treat schizophrenic patients, such as:
• Supportive counseling and therapy
• Antipsychotics
• Hospitalization
21. HOSPITAL IZ ATION
This is usually what happens to a schizophrenic patient before or
during the time in which he or she is given any real treatment
This method is very important for the initial safety of the patient
22.
23. ANTIPSYCHOTICS
Medication is used along with therapy much of the time because it
is very effective at controlling symptoms and cognitive functioning of
people with schizophrenia
However, this process is not 100% effective for all patients
24.
25. THE RAPY
Therapy is important to the patients because it provides friendship,
encouragement, and practical advice
Family and friends are also extremely important in the treatment
process, so that the patient will have a support network
26. W H AT I T ’ S L I K E L I V I N G W I T H PA R A N O I D
S C H I Z O P H R E N I A
Having this disorder makes it difficult for me to be a functioning
member of society; however, when I have taken the antipsychotics
prescribed to me and attend therapy, I find myself able to function
much more easily
27. W H AT I T ’ S L I K E L I V I N G W I T H PA R A N O I D
S C H I Z O P H R E N I A
The hallucinations in combination with the delusions make it hard
to decipher between what is real and what is fake. It is confusing and
frustrating at times, as you might imagine.
28. WHAT IT’ S L IK E TO E X PE RIE NCE A
PSYCHOTIC E PISODE
If you are uncomfortable at any time during this clip, you should
alert a supervisor and exit the room
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_oD4QxTjExs