This document discusses the key components of writing an effective paragraph, including the topic sentence, coherence, unity, and adequate development. It defines each component and provides examples. Specifically, it states that a paragraph contains a topic sentence that expresses the main idea, with other sentences explaining or illustrating this topic sentence in a clear, logical, and unified manner through adequate details and examples. Proper paragraph structure and development techniques like examples, comparisons, and problem-solution approaches are important for conveying ideas in a coherent and unified way.

1. Active Learning Assignment
Subject : Communication Skills
Topic Name: Paragraph Writing
Branch : Computer Engineering
Division :
Prepared by :
Enrollment no:
Guided by :

2. WHAT IS PARAGRAPH?
Paragraph is a group of sentence or a single sentence that
forms a unit.
In other words, it is a group of related sentences which
express a single idea.
A paragraph may express an opinion, provide information
through the use of facts and details, tell a story, or simply
describe a person, a place, an object, or a feeling.

3. CENTRAL COMPONENTS OF A PARAGRAPH
Topic sentence
Coherence
Unity
Adequate development

4. TOPIC SENTENCE
• A topic sentence is a sentence that expresses the main idea of
a paragraph.
• This sentence is also known as key sentence or theme
sentence.
• All the other sentence in paragraph must explain or illustrate
the topic sentence.
• Topic sentence can appear at several points in paragraph,
either at the beginning, middle or end.

5. COHERENCE
• Coherence refers to clear and logical linking of idea in a paragraph.
• In other words, each sentence should be well linked with the
sentence that precedes and follows it.
• There are four basic considerations in providing transitions
between ideas:
i. Use of pronouns
ii. Use of transitional tags
iii. Repetition of key words and phrases
iv. Use of parallel grammatical structure

6. UNITY
• Unity refers to the extent to which all of the ideas contained
within a given paragraph.
• Unity is important because it aids the reader in going along
with the writer’s idea.

7. ADEQUATE DEVELOPMENT
• A paragraph is Adequate developed when it describes,
explains, and supports the topic sentence.
• There are five steps involved in developing a paragraph:
i. Formulation of controlling idea
ii. Explanation of controlling idea
iii. Example
iv. Explanation (of example)
v. Completion of paragraph’s idea or transition into next
paragraph

8. TECHNIQUES FOR PARAGRAPH DEVELOPMENT
• Providing examples to explain the main idea
Illustration
• Bringing out similarities and differences to develop the idea
Comparison or contrast
• Explaining the reasons for the end results
Cause and effect
• Bringing the main idea into specific categories
classification
• Discussing the solutions to the problem posed
Problem and solution

9. THE IMPORTANCE OF CELEBRATION
• There are many important things in life. Learning, growing, loving, and
exploring are all things that each person should take time for. Celebration
is another thing that everyone should take time for. Celebration adds an
excitement and a lot of fun to life.
• Celebration can happen for a variety of formal or informal reasons.
Probably most people have gone to a celebration in honour of
someone’s birthday, wedding, or the birth of a new baby. We love a good
Christmas or Fourth of July celebration or other celebrations that mark
special holidays or family traditions.
Celebration doesn’t have to be reserved for the biggest events or
holidays of the year though. Because the majority of our days are spent
doing trivial tasks like working or cleaning our homes, we all need things
to look forward to. Celebrations of all kinds give us the excitement to
keep making it through days that seem purposeless. I’m confident that by
the time the next holiday or birthday celebration rolled around you were
grateful for the change of pace.

10. • Celebration allows us to relax and unwind in the midst of busy and
crazy lives. We use celebrations as an excuse to gather with the
friends and family that mean that most to us. We also enjoy
celebrations because they allow us to remember the things in life that
truly matter. As we celebrate, we allow the stresses of life to fall
behind and we spend our time doing things we love with the people
we love. There is something about a great celebration that reminds us
of the purpose of our life and of the power of our closest
relationships.
• Think of ways to incorporate celebrations of all kinds into your life.
Make a big deal out of birthdays, weddings, or anniversaries. One of
the biggest keys to getting the most out of life is to have celebrations
for no real reason at all. Just invite your friends over, cook great food
and spend a few hours playing games that cause laughter and build
friendship. Perhaps the best thing about celebration of any kind is
that it makes our lives richer and more full.