Papet 8 cultural studies
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This document discusses popular culture. It defines popular culture as culture arising from the people rather than being imposed on them commercially. Popular culture is constantly changing and based in large, heterogeneous groups. It includes entertainment media like films, television, books, music, sports and fashion. The document outlines four types of popular culture analysis: production, textual, audience and historical. It provides examples of popular culture categories and concludes that popular culture can sometimes repackage literary works in many layered references to other parts of popular culture.
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Paper 8 presentation
This document discusses pop culture and mass media. It defines pop culture as the values, ideas, arts, entertainment and customs shared by large segments of society that are produced for mass consumption. It notes the emergence of pop culture studies in the 1960s. It provides examples of elements of pop culture like toys, fashion, celebrities and television. It explains the importance of pop culture due to its influence and impact on society. It distinguishes between pop culture, which refers to how culture is consumed, and mass culture, which refers to how culture is produced, distributed and marketed on a large scale to reproduce liberal values.
Explain Popular Culture
Hello, Friends here is my presentation of
Course No. 8 - C :- The Cultural Studies
Presentation Topic :- Explain: ‘Popular Culture’
Popular culture
Popular culture refers to practices, beliefs, and objects that embody widely shared social meanings. It includes media, entertainment, fashion, and linguistic conventions. Common elements of popular culture are entertainment, sports, news, politics, and technology. Popular culture influences people from birth through the media they consume and things they do. It reflects common beliefs and practices. However, popular culture also promotes gender discrimination through stereotypes and unequal portrayals of men and women.
Herbert Gans: Popular Culture and High Culture
Herbert Gans discusses the concept of culture wars between high culture and popular culture. He argues that this debate is really about the nature of the good life and class conflict. It also concerns whether consumer choice or an educated elite should determine what types of culture are produced. Gans defines culture broadly as practices, goods, and ideas related to arts, education, entertainment and more. He discusses the cultural hierarchy of taste cultures like highbrow, middlebrow and lowbrow. Factors like class, age, gender, and race influence cultural choices but do not fully explain them. Changes in recent decades include convergence of some cultures, divergence of new tastes, and more people consuming multiple, omnivorous cultures.
Popular Culture as an Act of Resistance
This document discusses how popular culture can be used as a tool for resistance against social inequalities. It outlines 4 types of resistance - defensive, offensive, failed, and false resistance. As a case study, it analyzes and compares the songs "Video" by India.Arie and "Your Revolution" by Sarah Jones, which seek to resist prevailing cultural messages about women. While "Video" reaches a large audience with a weaker message, "Your Revolution" offers a stronger message of resistance but to a smaller audience. The document argues that message strength and audience size often have an inverse relationship in acts of cultural resistance.
Pop culture
The document discusses the impact of pop culture on language. It states that language expresses, embodies, and symbolizes cultural reality. Elements of pop culture like films, books, media, religion, sports, and tourism influence language as they help spread and popularize cultures. While pop culture can spread cultures globally through language, each culture remains best expressed through its own language and cannot be fully compared to others.
Popular culture
This document defines popular culture and mass culture, and discusses how popular culture influences the world. It notes that popular culture includes things like toys, fashion, TV shows, movies, and celebrities. Popular culture is shaped by mass media and permeates society. Mass culture refers to culture that is mass produced and marketed to a wide audience. Popular culture icons and trends spread widely due to technologies like television, movies, music, and the internet that allow for time-space compression and the rapid global diffusion of cultural ideas.
Media and pop culture
This document discusses the influence of pop culture and social media on politics and elections. It notes that social media allows political candidates to promote themselves and their positions, but may not provide voters with sufficient information to make informed decisions. While social media can draw attention and interest, some voters may be persuaded more by popularity, endorsements or ads rather than policies or achievements. The document warns readers not to be easily convinced by what they see on social media and to examine a candidate's actual record when deciding who to elect.
Recommended
Paper 8 presentation
This document discusses pop culture and mass media. It defines pop culture as the values, ideas, arts, entertainment and customs shared by large segments of society that are produced for mass consumption. It notes the emergence of pop culture studies in the 1960s. It provides examples of elements of pop culture like toys, fashion, celebrities and television. It explains the importance of pop culture due to its influence and impact on society. It distinguishes between pop culture, which refers to how culture is consumed, and mass culture, which refers to how culture is produced, distributed and marketed on a large scale to reproduce liberal values.
Explain Popular Culture
Hello, Friends here is my presentation of
Course No. 8 - C :- The Cultural Studies
Presentation Topic :- Explain: ‘Popular Culture’
Popular culture
Popular culture refers to practices, beliefs, and objects that embody widely shared social meanings. It includes media, entertainment, fashion, and linguistic conventions. Common elements of popular culture are entertainment, sports, news, politics, and technology. Popular culture influences people from birth through the media they consume and things they do. It reflects common beliefs and practices. However, popular culture also promotes gender discrimination through stereotypes and unequal portrayals of men and women.
Herbert Gans: Popular Culture and High Culture
Herbert Gans discusses the concept of culture wars between high culture and popular culture. He argues that this debate is really about the nature of the good life and class conflict. It also concerns whether consumer choice or an educated elite should determine what types of culture are produced. Gans defines culture broadly as practices, goods, and ideas related to arts, education, entertainment and more. He discusses the cultural hierarchy of taste cultures like highbrow, middlebrow and lowbrow. Factors like class, age, gender, and race influence cultural choices but do not fully explain them. Changes in recent decades include convergence of some cultures, divergence of new tastes, and more people consuming multiple, omnivorous cultures.
Popular Culture as an Act of Resistance
This document discusses how popular culture can be used as a tool for resistance against social inequalities. It outlines 4 types of resistance - defensive, offensive, failed, and false resistance. As a case study, it analyzes and compares the songs "Video" by India.Arie and "Your Revolution" by Sarah Jones, which seek to resist prevailing cultural messages about women. While "Video" reaches a large audience with a weaker message, "Your Revolution" offers a stronger message of resistance but to a smaller audience. The document argues that message strength and audience size often have an inverse relationship in acts of cultural resistance.
Pop culture
The document discusses the impact of pop culture on language. It states that language expresses, embodies, and symbolizes cultural reality. Elements of pop culture like films, books, media, religion, sports, and tourism influence language as they help spread and popularize cultures. While pop culture can spread cultures globally through language, each culture remains best expressed through its own language and cannot be fully compared to others.
Popular culture
This document defines popular culture and mass culture, and discusses how popular culture influences the world. It notes that popular culture includes things like toys, fashion, TV shows, movies, and celebrities. Popular culture is shaped by mass media and permeates society. Mass culture refers to culture that is mass produced and marketed to a wide audience. Popular culture icons and trends spread widely due to technologies like television, movies, music, and the internet that allow for time-space compression and the rapid global diffusion of cultural ideas.
Media and pop culture
This document discusses the influence of pop culture and social media on politics and elections. It notes that social media allows political candidates to promote themselves and their positions, but may not provide voters with sufficient information to make informed decisions. While social media can draw attention and interest, some voters may be persuaded more by popularity, endorsements or ads rather than policies or achievements. The document warns readers not to be easily convinced by what they see on social media and to examine a candidate's actual record when deciding who to elect.
Pop culture and mass culture
1) Mass culture refers to culture that is mass produced and marketed to large audiences through mass media. It aims to appeal to mainstream values and tastes.
2) Theorists like Adorno were critical of mass culture, arguing it produced standardized cultural products that manipulated audiences and discouraged independent thinking.
3) However, others saw popular culture as a site of resistance where subordinate groups could challenge dominant ideologies being pushed by mass media outlets. Mass culture remains a topic of ongoing debate around its social and political impacts.
Limitations of cultural studies
This document discusses the limitations of cultural studies. It notes that cultural studies' strengths, like its diversity of approach and subject matter, can also be weaknesses. Cultural studies seems merely intellectual at times. Culture refers to how cultures interact. Cultural knowledge involves deep analysis of meanings or thick description, as identified by anthropologist Clifford Geertz. David Richter describes cultural studies as being about whatever is happening currently and about texts created in the past. 'Happenings' and topics generally relate to mass media, postmodern culture, dominant culture, lives, and inhabitants or topics. Works like Hamlet and Huckleberry Finn were intended for popular consumption, not just elite discussions in English classrooms. Marxist Terry Eagleton has written
limitations of Cultural Studies
Cultural studies has several limitations, including a lack of adequate knowledge about cultures. It can be difficult to define which aspects of a culture should be the focus of study. Additionally, cultural studies sometimes focuses too much on current pop culture topics rather than studying the body of work from the past. This has led to criticisms that cultural studies practitioners know a lot of interesting facts but lack deep knowledge about the meanings and interactions of cultures.
: Limitation of cultural studies
Cultural studies has limitations including a lack of adequate knowledge, difficulty defining the best culture, and missing reality. Some elements that affect the limitations of cultural studies are clashes of civilizations, conspiracy theories, and cultures needing deconstruction. Popular culture aspects related to the limitations of cultural studies include advertisements, TV serials, mass media, politicians, gender issues, high and low culture, and cricket.
Popular Culture
The document discusses popular culture, including what it is, how it is determined and influenced, its broad appeal and changing nature, and whether it is superficial or serious. Popular culture refers to everyday interactions and cultural moments that prevail in a society. It is influenced by industries like film, TV, music and publishing. Some see popular culture as on the cutting edge, while others see it as superficial items produced for profit. The document also lists various forms of popular culture and issues they may address, like race, gender, and censorship. It provides example websites that study and comment on popular culture.
Responding to Inequalities in Popular Culture
Once we recognize the problems in popular culture--sexism, homophobia, racism, etc--what do we do about it?
Popular culture
Popular culture refers to the everyday behaviors, styles, and ideas that are mainstream within a society. It is heavily influenced by mass media. Popular culture includes things like fashion, slang, music, and food. It permeates everyday life. However, popular culture is difficult to define because its categories can overlap and what is considered "popular" can have both positive and negative connotations. Additionally, popular culture is associated with commercial culture and the things people purchase, like movies, TV, toys, art, and technology. Technology has become integrated into popular culture, as seen in things like the prominence of iPhones in films.
Popular culture
Popular culture refers to ideas, perspectives, and phenomena that are mainstream within a culture, especially Western culture in the 20th-21st centuries due to mass media influence. It is shaped by everyday interactions between people. There is debate around how to define popular culture, as the concept is complex with contradictory meanings. Popular culture is categorized into folk culture, mass culture, dominant culture, and working class culture. While popular culture is sometimes blamed for societal issues, it can also positively influence people. However, popular culture mediums should not be oversimplified as entirely good or bad, as they likely do shape cultural behaviors and values to some extent.
Paper No 8 Cultural studies
Here i am sharing My presentation of paper No 8 Cultural Studies, it is a part of my academic activity, its submitted to Dr. Dillip Barad, Department of English.
Popular Culture Theories
This document discusses various theories related to popular culture, including:
- Gender theories which examine stereotypes and exploitation in media.
- Marxism and cultural hegemony theories which analyze how economic classes influence culture.
- Cultural liberalism and pluralism which advocate for individual freedom and respect for diversity.
- Theories of mass society, cultural industry, and globalization which examine the industrialization and spread of culture through media and technology.
- Interactionism looks at how people interact and influence each other to create shared meanings and culture.
Popular Culture and the Media
This document discusses various topics related to popular culture and technology. It lists many modern technologies like smartphones, social media platforms, digital music and photography. It also discusses theories related to popular culture, including gender theories, Marxism, cultural hegemony, and how culture can perpetuate stereotypes. Finally, it examines how these topics relate to issues like the exploitation of gender in advertising, films, toys and music, and how pop culture can reflect the values of a dominant social class.
Mass culture theory 2013
Mass Culture Theory holds that through the process of "atomization", individuals exposed to mass media and popular culture become vulnerable to exploitation and manipulation. The theory critiques how mass culture is produced through industrial techniques for profit, creating standardized, formulaic products to passively influence audiences. The Frankfurt School, including Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin, were influential critics of mass culture theory. They argued popular music and culture represses true individual expression and needs through commodity fetishism and the concept of "false needs". However, others have critiqued mass culture theory as elitist and argued audiences actively interpret mass media in creative ways to construct their own identities.
Mass media
We call a medium a “mass medium” if it meets the following two requirements. “First, it must reach many people. Second, it requires the use of some technological device, located between source and destination”
(Whetmore, 1985, pp.6-7)
To understand mass media better, it is necessary to brief the evolution of media. In pre-agricultural societies, most people lived in small groups as hunters and gatherers. These people depended on the spoken word, rather than written language, to transmit their message, for they did not have well developed alphabets or systems of writing. Agricultural societies are more settled and more complex than pre-agricultural societies, so people created written language for easier and wider communication.
What is Popular Culture?
This document discusses different definitions and approaches to defining popular culture. It describes popular culture as "the people's culture" made at the local level, as "mass culture" produced for a large audience, and as "low culture" in contrast to high art. However, it notes problems with each definition and argues that popular culture is best understood by examining the values embedded within cultural works and acknowledging its commercial nature of being produced for market distribution and sales.
Globalization of Pop Culture
Globalization enables the distribution of American cultural products worldwide. The spread of American pop culture through movies, music, TV and consumer goods has led to its immense global popularity in recent years. However, some view the near take-over of cultural industries in other countries by American pop culture, especially for younger audiences, as a concern.
Mass & popular culture
This document discusses Strinati's theories on mass culture and popular culture. It defines mass culture as culture widely disseminated through mass media, and popular culture as activities or products aimed at the general public. There are three main themes in popular culture: its origins, the influence of commercialization and industrialization, and its ideological role. Popular culture is seen as both atomizing individuals and being shaped by mass production and consumption through new media like cinema and radio. Critics argue mass culture theory ignores the diversity and active role of audiences.
UK tribes
The document discusses research conducted by the UK tribes website into youth subcultures. The researchers interviewed young people about their lives, media, aspirations, and brand preferences to better understand subcultures and help businesses appeal to different groups. The research found there are many subcultures within youth culture, each with their own tastes in clothes, music, and brands. Understanding these niches can help businesses target specific markets. One subculture discussed is "Alternative", which is divided into subgroups like gamers, emos, and metalheads. These youth take pride in their different lifestyles and passions outside mainstream culture.
Media culture and cultural studies
This document discusses media culture and its relationship to popular culture and cultural studies. It notes that mass media constitute a public space that generates debates and influences opinion. While mass media may not be controlled by the state, they are controlled by large corporations that generate huge profits. Studying media culture involves focusing on both the cultural aspects of media as well as the economics of media, as media culture reflects contemporary debates and problems. Examples are given of suggestive and provocative types of advertisements.
Limitation of cultural studies
Cultural studies has limitations due to its strengths of diversity and lack of a unified agenda. It is difficult to define which culture is best to study, and there is a lack of adequate knowledge across cultures. Additionally, cultural studies risks missing reality by focusing too much on popular culture. Other limitations include difficulties with deconstructing cultures, conspiracy theories, and clashes of civilizations. Specific features that impact cultural studies limitations are ideological state apparatuses like TV and ads, works by Indian celebrities that discuss social issues, and awards given to books that highlight negatives of Indian culture.
Paper 8 Comparison between media culture and cultural studies
Here my presentation of paper no 8 Cultural Studies.Its a part of my academic activity. Its submitted to Dr. Dilip Barad Sir department of English MKBU.
Cultural studies part 1-
This document provides an overview of cultural studies as an academic discipline. It begins with definitions of cultural studies, noting it analyzes contemporary cultures to derive meaning and discusses culture's exclusions, injustices, and prejudices politically and critically. It aims to both enhance and critique cultural experiences.
The document then discusses several topics in cultural studies, including its globalization as culture itself globalizes, different national approaches to cultural studies like British, US, and Australian cultural studies, and important figures and theories in the field like Raymond Williams and structuralism. Methodologies discussed include ethnography and cultural materialism. The relationship between cultural studies and disciplines, as well as tensions around enterprise culture, culture wars, and cultural populism are also
Four Goals In Culture Studies
Cultural studies has four main goals according to the document: 1) It transcends individual disciplines like history or literary criticism by examining broader cultural phenomena. 2) It is politically engaged and aims to question power structures and inequalities. 3) It rejects distinctions between high and low/elite and popular culture. 4) It analyzes both cultural works and their means of production to understand political and economic influences.
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Pop culture and mass culture
1) Mass culture refers to culture that is mass produced and marketed to large audiences through mass media. It aims to appeal to mainstream values and tastes.
2) Theorists like Adorno were critical of mass culture, arguing it produced standardized cultural products that manipulated audiences and discouraged independent thinking.
3) However, others saw popular culture as a site of resistance where subordinate groups could challenge dominant ideologies being pushed by mass media outlets. Mass culture remains a topic of ongoing debate around its social and political impacts.
Limitations of cultural studies
This document discusses the limitations of cultural studies. It notes that cultural studies' strengths, like its diversity of approach and subject matter, can also be weaknesses. Cultural studies seems merely intellectual at times. Culture refers to how cultures interact. Cultural knowledge involves deep analysis of meanings or thick description, as identified by anthropologist Clifford Geertz. David Richter describes cultural studies as being about whatever is happening currently and about texts created in the past. 'Happenings' and topics generally relate to mass media, postmodern culture, dominant culture, lives, and inhabitants or topics. Works like Hamlet and Huckleberry Finn were intended for popular consumption, not just elite discussions in English classrooms. Marxist Terry Eagleton has written
limitations of Cultural Studies
Cultural studies has several limitations, including a lack of adequate knowledge about cultures. It can be difficult to define which aspects of a culture should be the focus of study. Additionally, cultural studies sometimes focuses too much on current pop culture topics rather than studying the body of work from the past. This has led to criticisms that cultural studies practitioners know a lot of interesting facts but lack deep knowledge about the meanings and interactions of cultures.
: Limitation of cultural studies
Cultural studies has limitations including a lack of adequate knowledge, difficulty defining the best culture, and missing reality. Some elements that affect the limitations of cultural studies are clashes of civilizations, conspiracy theories, and cultures needing deconstruction. Popular culture aspects related to the limitations of cultural studies include advertisements, TV serials, mass media, politicians, gender issues, high and low culture, and cricket.
Popular Culture
The document discusses popular culture, including what it is, how it is determined and influenced, its broad appeal and changing nature, and whether it is superficial or serious. Popular culture refers to everyday interactions and cultural moments that prevail in a society. It is influenced by industries like film, TV, music and publishing. Some see popular culture as on the cutting edge, while others see it as superficial items produced for profit. The document also lists various forms of popular culture and issues they may address, like race, gender, and censorship. It provides example websites that study and comment on popular culture.
Responding to Inequalities in Popular Culture
Once we recognize the problems in popular culture--sexism, homophobia, racism, etc--what do we do about it?
Popular culture
Popular culture refers to the everyday behaviors, styles, and ideas that are mainstream within a society. It is heavily influenced by mass media. Popular culture includes things like fashion, slang, music, and food. It permeates everyday life. However, popular culture is difficult to define because its categories can overlap and what is considered "popular" can have both positive and negative connotations. Additionally, popular culture is associated with commercial culture and the things people purchase, like movies, TV, toys, art, and technology. Technology has become integrated into popular culture, as seen in things like the prominence of iPhones in films.
Popular culture
Popular culture refers to ideas, perspectives, and phenomena that are mainstream within a culture, especially Western culture in the 20th-21st centuries due to mass media influence. It is shaped by everyday interactions between people. There is debate around how to define popular culture, as the concept is complex with contradictory meanings. Popular culture is categorized into folk culture, mass culture, dominant culture, and working class culture. While popular culture is sometimes blamed for societal issues, it can also positively influence people. However, popular culture mediums should not be oversimplified as entirely good or bad, as they likely do shape cultural behaviors and values to some extent.
Paper No 8 Cultural studies
Here i am sharing My presentation of paper No 8 Cultural Studies, it is a part of my academic activity, its submitted to Dr. Dillip Barad, Department of English.
Popular Culture Theories
This document discusses various theories related to popular culture, including:
- Gender theories which examine stereotypes and exploitation in media.
- Marxism and cultural hegemony theories which analyze how economic classes influence culture.
- Cultural liberalism and pluralism which advocate for individual freedom and respect for diversity.
- Theories of mass society, cultural industry, and globalization which examine the industrialization and spread of culture through media and technology.
- Interactionism looks at how people interact and influence each other to create shared meanings and culture.
Popular Culture and the Media
This document discusses various topics related to popular culture and technology. It lists many modern technologies like smartphones, social media platforms, digital music and photography. It also discusses theories related to popular culture, including gender theories, Marxism, cultural hegemony, and how culture can perpetuate stereotypes. Finally, it examines how these topics relate to issues like the exploitation of gender in advertising, films, toys and music, and how pop culture can reflect the values of a dominant social class.
Mass culture theory 2013
Mass Culture Theory holds that through the process of "atomization", individuals exposed to mass media and popular culture become vulnerable to exploitation and manipulation. The theory critiques how mass culture is produced through industrial techniques for profit, creating standardized, formulaic products to passively influence audiences. The Frankfurt School, including Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin, were influential critics of mass culture theory. They argued popular music and culture represses true individual expression and needs through commodity fetishism and the concept of "false needs". However, others have critiqued mass culture theory as elitist and argued audiences actively interpret mass media in creative ways to construct their own identities.
Mass media
We call a medium a “mass medium” if it meets the following two requirements. “First, it must reach many people. Second, it requires the use of some technological device, located between source and destination”
(Whetmore, 1985, pp.6-7)
To understand mass media better, it is necessary to brief the evolution of media. In pre-agricultural societies, most people lived in small groups as hunters and gatherers. These people depended on the spoken word, rather than written language, to transmit their message, for they did not have well developed alphabets or systems of writing. Agricultural societies are more settled and more complex than pre-agricultural societies, so people created written language for easier and wider communication.
What is Popular Culture?
This document discusses different definitions and approaches to defining popular culture. It describes popular culture as "the people's culture" made at the local level, as "mass culture" produced for a large audience, and as "low culture" in contrast to high art. However, it notes problems with each definition and argues that popular culture is best understood by examining the values embedded within cultural works and acknowledging its commercial nature of being produced for market distribution and sales.
Globalization of Pop Culture
Globalization enables the distribution of American cultural products worldwide. The spread of American pop culture through movies, music, TV and consumer goods has led to its immense global popularity in recent years. However, some view the near take-over of cultural industries in other countries by American pop culture, especially for younger audiences, as a concern.
Mass & popular culture
This document discusses Strinati's theories on mass culture and popular culture. It defines mass culture as culture widely disseminated through mass media, and popular culture as activities or products aimed at the general public. There are three main themes in popular culture: its origins, the influence of commercialization and industrialization, and its ideological role. Popular culture is seen as both atomizing individuals and being shaped by mass production and consumption through new media like cinema and radio. Critics argue mass culture theory ignores the diversity and active role of audiences.
UK tribes
The document discusses research conducted by the UK tribes website into youth subcultures. The researchers interviewed young people about their lives, media, aspirations, and brand preferences to better understand subcultures and help businesses appeal to different groups. The research found there are many subcultures within youth culture, each with their own tastes in clothes, music, and brands. Understanding these niches can help businesses target specific markets. One subculture discussed is "Alternative", which is divided into subgroups like gamers, emos, and metalheads. These youth take pride in their different lifestyles and passions outside mainstream culture.
Media culture and cultural studies
This document discusses media culture and its relationship to popular culture and cultural studies. It notes that mass media constitute a public space that generates debates and influences opinion. While mass media may not be controlled by the state, they are controlled by large corporations that generate huge profits. Studying media culture involves focusing on both the cultural aspects of media as well as the economics of media, as media culture reflects contemporary debates and problems. Examples are given of suggestive and provocative types of advertisements.
Limitation of cultural studies
Cultural studies has limitations due to its strengths of diversity and lack of a unified agenda. It is difficult to define which culture is best to study, and there is a lack of adequate knowledge across cultures. Additionally, cultural studies risks missing reality by focusing too much on popular culture. Other limitations include difficulties with deconstructing cultures, conspiracy theories, and clashes of civilizations. Specific features that impact cultural studies limitations are ideological state apparatuses like TV and ads, works by Indian celebrities that discuss social issues, and awards given to books that highlight negatives of Indian culture.
Paper 8 Comparison between media culture and cultural studies
Here my presentation of paper no 8 Cultural Studies.Its a part of my academic activity. Its submitted to Dr. Dilip Barad Sir department of English MKBU.
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Paper 8 Comparison between media culture and cultural studies
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The document then discusses several topics in cultural studies, including its globalization as culture itself globalizes, different national approaches to cultural studies like British, US, and Australian cultural studies, and important figures and theories in the field like Raymond Williams and structuralism. Methodologies discussed include ethnography and cultural materialism. The relationship between cultural studies and disciplines, as well as tensions around enterprise culture, culture wars, and cultural populism are also
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The document discusses the concepts of cultural lag, cultural inertia, and cultural diffusion. Cultural lag refers to an imbalance in a society's culture due to different rates of change in material and non-material aspects. Material culture (e.g. technology) tends to change rapidly while non-material culture (e.g. traditions) resists change. Cultural inertia is the resistance to cultural changes and clinging to outdated traditions. Cultural diffusion is the spread of cultural ideas, beliefs, and practices to areas beyond their origin through contact between societies. Education can help address cultural lag by bridging changes in material and non-material culture.
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This document provides information about defining and researching a target audience of 16-25 year olds for a cultural magazine. It notes that this mass market demographic is diverse with potentially lower incomes as many are students. They engage heavily with social media and online/mainstream culture. Psychographically, they include reformers interested in individuality, aspirers who follow trends, and explorers seeking discovery of social/cultural issues. The magazine aims to address entertaining issues through popular culture intertextuality and audience participation to engage young people. It will have an appealing yet novel design to introduce a new type of issues magazine to this target demographic.
Audience research
The document defines the target audience for a cultural magazine as 16-25 year olds. This mass market audience is diverse but typically students interested in mainstream and online culture. Psychographically, they may be reformers focused on individuality, aspirers seeking status through trends, or explorers interested in social and cultural issues. The proposed magazine would address issues relevant to young people's societies in an entertaining way through popular culture references, reader participation, and innovative design.
Hybrid cultures,
The document summarizes the work and ideas of Néstor García Canclini, an Argentine academic known for theorizing the concept of "hybridity." Some key points:
- García Canclini got his PhD from University of Paris X and currently works in Mexico City, directing urban culture studies.
- His books include "Hybrid Cultures" and "Consumers and Citizens," which discuss how mass media have contributed to a reshaping of Latin American cultures rather than erasing local forms of expression.
- He believes cultures are becoming "hybrid" through a mixing of local traditions and global influences, and sees this as contributing to understanding failures in certain political models based on modern notions of autonomy
Cultural studies
Culture refers to the habits, customs, and tastes that shape a society. It is how meanings and ideas are generated and expressed. Elite culture traditionally controls public meanings and rejects non-elite views. Cultural studies emerged in the 1960s due to interest in popular culture and subcultures, as well as greater focus on social histories of marginalized groups. It was influenced by scholars examining relations between culture, power, and class.
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Papet 8 cultural studies
- 1. POPULAR CULTURE PRESENTED BY :- HITIXA GOSWAMI
- 2. POPULAR CULTURE • Presented by :- Hitixa Goswami • Class :- M. A. Sem 2 • Paper :- 8 cultural studies • Beach :- 2019-2021 • Topic:- popular culture • Submitted to :- S.B.GARDI Department of English Bhavnagar University • Email :- hitixagoswami28@gamil
- 3. • Culture comes from the latin word meaning ‘cultivation’. • Culture is an organized small group of people with economic power, culture power, religious power, political power. • Culture is constantly changing dynamics field where various forces, stake holders seek to negotiate what they understand as culture. • Culture is not fixed
- 4. POPULAR CULTURE • Popular culture is ‘ conceptual category’ It can be defined in a wide variety of sometimes conflicting ways, depending on the context of use. • Popular culture is folk culture, something that arises from the people rather than imposed upon them. Popular is authentic as opposed to commercial upon them by commercial. • Popular culture is simply culture that is widely favored or well-liked by many people :it has no negative connotations.
- 5. CHARACTERISTICS OF POPULAR CULTURE • Constantly change. • Based in large, heterogeneous groups of people. • Material goods mass – producted by machine in factories. • Based mainly in urban areas. • Prevailing money economy.
- 6. TYPES OF POPULAR CULTURE • There are four main types of popular culture analysis like, • Production Analysis • Textual Analysis • Audience Analysis • Historical Analysis
- 7. CONTINUE 1. Production Analysis :- It aske some questions like who owns the media? Who creates text and why? 2. Textual Analysis :- It examines how specific works of this culture create meaning. 3. Audience Analysis:- It asks how different group of popular culture make similar or different sense of the same text. 4. Historical Analysis :- It investigations how theses other three dimensions change over time.
- 8. POPULAR CULTURE CATEGORIES • The most common pop – culture categories are :entertainment. • Films • Television program • Sports • Corporation • Books • Radio • Vidio games • Fashion
- 9. • Music popular music is music with wide appear that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry. • Sports sports include all froms of competitive physical activity or games which, Through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants, and in some cases entertainment for spectators.
- 10. CONCLUSION • This term as it is also known as pop culture. So The term ‘popular culture’ was coined in the 19th century or earlier. Sometimes popular culture can be over tack and repackage a literary work that is impossible to original text about without references about to many layers of the popular culture.
- 11. WORKS CITED • Williams, Raymond. The new Republic. 22 november 1974. 28 february 2020 <https://newrepublic.com/article/79269/high-and-popular-culture>. • Crossman, Ashley. ThoughtCo. 9 December 2019. 28 february 2020 <https://www.thoughtco.com/popular-culture-definetion-3026453>.