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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA
Escuela Académico Profesional De Ingeniería De Materiales
“ENERGIAS LIMPIAS: TRANSFORMACIÓN DE ENERGIA SOLAR FOTOVOLTAICAA
ELÉCTRICA”
AUTORES: - Camacho Acuña, Dary
- Malpica Quispe, Carlos
- Pasache Camacho, Erick
- Reyna Gurreonero, Diego
- Silvestre Villanueva, Xiomen
DOCENTE: Ing. Vásquez Alfaro, Iván Eugenio
TRUJILLO - PERÚ
2019
OBJETIVOS
1. Generar una representación a pequeña escala del uso de energías
limpias o renovables
2. Comprobar el ahorro en costos con la utilización del panel solar.
3. Determinar la eficiencia del panel solar utilizado.
4. Explicar la transformación de energía solar fotovoltaica a eléctrica.
REALIDAD
PROBLEMÁTICA
REALIDAD PROBLEMÁTICA
JUSTIFICACION
Este proyecto está realizado con la
intensión de poder darle la importancia y
el gran cuidado que tiene esta energía
natural. Además hay que tener en cuenta
que debemos cuidar la atmosfera, evitando
la contaminación del aire con los gases
que el mismo hombre
ANTECEDENTES
EMPIRICOS
Clemente (2014)
EVALUARON RESULTADO
energía eléctrica en
las viviendas aisladas
de las comunidades
de los distritos de San
José de Quero y
Yanacancha
Optimización del
sistema solar
fotovoltaico para la
generación de energía
eléctrica en viviendas
aisladas altoandinas
EVALUARON RESULTADO
KASMI (2015)
“Movilidad eléctrica
asociada a una vivienda
alimentada con energías
renovable”
electricidad mediante
una base de
tecnología eólica y el
complemento de
energía solar
fotovoltaica con el
uso de baterías.
CAÑAS, GARCÍA, LOPEZ Y VALVERDE (2014)
RESULTADO
energía a través del
sol partiendo de
actividades casera
que y así
aprovechar los
recursos
disponibles.
EVALUARON
“MEDIO
AMBIENTE”
FUNDAMENTO
TEÓRICO
¿QUÉ ES UN PANEL SOLAR?
Fig. 1 .panel solar
FUENTE : https://www.amvarworld.com/es/89-sistemas-de-panel-solar
CIRCUITOS ELÉCTRICOS
Fig. 2 .Circuito eléctrico
PROCEDIMIENTO EXPERIMENTAL
• Cálculo del tiempo de descarga de la batería
Caso 1 Caso 3
Caso 2
• Cálculo del consumo
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 =
𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎
𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎
∗ Voltaje
Carga eléctrica o
capacidad de la
batería
7000mAh
Voltaje de la batería 12 V
 Consumo Caso 1
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 =
7000 𝑚𝐴ℎ
17ℎ. 23𝑚𝑖𝑛.
∗ 12𝑉
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 4.83 𝑊ℎ
 Consumo Caso 2
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 =
7000 𝑚𝐴ℎ
10ℎ. 37𝑚𝑖𝑛.
∗ 12𝑉
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 7.91𝑊ℎ
 Consumo Caso 3
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 =
7000𝑚𝐴ℎ
6ℎ. 44𝑚𝑖𝑛.
∗ 12𝑉
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 12.48 𝑊ℎ
• Cálculo del costo
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 =
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 ∗
ℎ
𝑑
∗ 30𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 ∗ 0.5880
1000
h/d
Horas diarias en
funcionamiento
Mes 30 días
1KWh S/. 0.5880 Fuente: Recibo N° 501-50317366.
HIDRANDINA - Pto Salaverry,
Trujillo – La Libertad
 Costo Caso 1
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 =
4.83𝑊 ∗ 17ℎ. 23𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 30𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 ∗ 0.5880
1000
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 𝑆/.1.48
 Costo Caso 2
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 =
7.91𝑊 ∗ 10ℎ. 37𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 30𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 ∗ 0.5880
1000
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 𝑆/.1.48
 Costo Caso 3
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 =
12.48𝑊 ∗ 6ℎ. 44𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 30𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 ∗ 0.5880
1000
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 𝑆/.1.48
• Cálculo de la Eficiencia (%)
𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑐. =
𝑊
Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 ∗ 1000 𝑊 𝑚 2
∗ 100
W Potencia de la batería
Área (0.21*0.13) m2
Irradiancia 1000W/m2
𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑐. =
4𝑊
0.21 ∗ 0.13 𝑚2 ∗ 1000𝑊/𝑚2
∗ 100
𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑐. = 14.65 %
Fuente:
http://www.ujaen.es/investiga/solar/07cursosolar/home_main_fr
ame/08_lecciones/02_leccion/www/Modulo_fotovoltaico.htm
RESULTADOS
Foco 1
(5W)
Foco 2
(5W)
Foco 3
(3W)
Tiempo
Consumo
(Wh)
Costos
(S/./mes)
Caso 1 17h. 23min 4.83 1.48
Caso 2 10h. 37min 7.91 1.48
Caso 3 06h. 44min 12.48 1.48
𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑐. = 14.65 %
Verde = encendido
Rojo = apagado
DISCUSION DE RESULTADOS
• Se determinó el tiempo de duración de la batería corroborar la cantidad de focos que pueden ser
utilizados en un domicilio real. Según las horas que se pudieron obtener, para una noche
completa de entre 6 y 8 horas se utilizarían de 1 a 2 focos.
• Se desarrolló la obtención del consumo real para los 3 casos con la finalidad de determinar los
ahorros en costos mensuales siendo de 1.48 soles. Este valor se repite para todos los casos, pero
el más óptimo es el caso 2, ya que se utilizaría toda la energía en una noche a comparación del
caso que se desperdiciaría capacidad de la batería y en el caso 3 no llegaría a alcanzar la energía
suficiente para la noche.
• La eficiencia obtenida fue de 14.65% según condiciones estándares de medida (CEM), este
resultado es bastante aceptable ya que se encuentra dentro del rango de 6 – 22%.
• Se generó una representación a pequeña escala del uso de energías limpias o
renovables usando un panel solar con un 10% de eficiencia.
• Se comprobó el ahorro de costos siendo el caso 2 el más óptimo ya que ni hace
falta ni se desperdicia energía.
• Se determinó la eficiencia del panel solar utilizado siendo de 14.65% según
condiciones estándares de medida (CEM).
• Se explicó a detalle el funcionamiento de un panel solar utilizado para la
transformación de la energía solar fotovoltaica a energía eléctrica.
CONCLUSIONES
MUCHAS
GRACIAS

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Panel Solar

  • 1. UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA Escuela Académico Profesional De Ingeniería De Materiales “ENERGIAS LIMPIAS: TRANSFORMACIÓN DE ENERGIA SOLAR FOTOVOLTAICAA ELÉCTRICA” AUTORES: - Camacho Acuña, Dary - Malpica Quispe, Carlos - Pasache Camacho, Erick - Reyna Gurreonero, Diego - Silvestre Villanueva, Xiomen DOCENTE: Ing. Vásquez Alfaro, Iván Eugenio TRUJILLO - PERÚ 2019
  • 2. OBJETIVOS 1. Generar una representación a pequeña escala del uso de energías limpias o renovables 2. Comprobar el ahorro en costos con la utilización del panel solar. 3. Determinar la eficiencia del panel solar utilizado. 4. Explicar la transformación de energía solar fotovoltaica a eléctrica.
  • 5. JUSTIFICACION Este proyecto está realizado con la intensión de poder darle la importancia y el gran cuidado que tiene esta energía natural. Además hay que tener en cuenta que debemos cuidar la atmosfera, evitando la contaminación del aire con los gases que el mismo hombre
  • 7. Clemente (2014) EVALUARON RESULTADO energía eléctrica en las viviendas aisladas de las comunidades de los distritos de San José de Quero y Yanacancha Optimización del sistema solar fotovoltaico para la generación de energía eléctrica en viviendas aisladas altoandinas
  • 8. EVALUARON RESULTADO KASMI (2015) “Movilidad eléctrica asociada a una vivienda alimentada con energías renovable” electricidad mediante una base de tecnología eólica y el complemento de energía solar fotovoltaica con el uso de baterías.
  • 9. CAÑAS, GARCÍA, LOPEZ Y VALVERDE (2014) RESULTADO energía a través del sol partiendo de actividades casera que y así aprovechar los recursos disponibles. EVALUARON “MEDIO AMBIENTE”
  • 11. ¿QUÉ ES UN PANEL SOLAR? Fig. 1 .panel solar FUENTE : https://www.amvarworld.com/es/89-sistemas-de-panel-solar
  • 12. CIRCUITOS ELÉCTRICOS Fig. 2 .Circuito eléctrico
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. PROCEDIMIENTO EXPERIMENTAL • Cálculo del tiempo de descarga de la batería Caso 1 Caso 3 Caso 2
  • 16. • Cálculo del consumo 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎 𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 ∗ Voltaje Carga eléctrica o capacidad de la batería 7000mAh Voltaje de la batería 12 V
  • 17.  Consumo Caso 1 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 7000 𝑚𝐴ℎ 17ℎ. 23𝑚𝑖𝑛. ∗ 12𝑉 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 4.83 𝑊ℎ  Consumo Caso 2 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 7000 𝑚𝐴ℎ 10ℎ. 37𝑚𝑖𝑛. ∗ 12𝑉 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 7.91𝑊ℎ  Consumo Caso 3 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 7000𝑚𝐴ℎ 6ℎ. 44𝑚𝑖𝑛. ∗ 12𝑉 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 = 12.48 𝑊ℎ
  • 18. • Cálculo del costo 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑜 ∗ ℎ 𝑑 ∗ 30𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 ∗ 0.5880 1000 h/d Horas diarias en funcionamiento Mes 30 días 1KWh S/. 0.5880 Fuente: Recibo N° 501-50317366. HIDRANDINA - Pto Salaverry, Trujillo – La Libertad
  • 19.  Costo Caso 1 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 4.83𝑊 ∗ 17ℎ. 23𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 30𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 ∗ 0.5880 1000 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 𝑆/.1.48  Costo Caso 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 7.91𝑊 ∗ 10ℎ. 37𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 30𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 ∗ 0.5880 1000 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 𝑆/.1.48  Costo Caso 3 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 12.48𝑊 ∗ 6ℎ. 44𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 30𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑠 ∗ 0.5880 1000 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 = 𝑆/.1.48
  • 20. • Cálculo de la Eficiencia (%) 𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑐. = 𝑊 Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 ∗ 1000 𝑊 𝑚 2 ∗ 100 W Potencia de la batería Área (0.21*0.13) m2 Irradiancia 1000W/m2 𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑐. = 4𝑊 0.21 ∗ 0.13 𝑚2 ∗ 1000𝑊/𝑚2 ∗ 100 𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑐. = 14.65 % Fuente: http://www.ujaen.es/investiga/solar/07cursosolar/home_main_fr ame/08_lecciones/02_leccion/www/Modulo_fotovoltaico.htm
  • 21. RESULTADOS Foco 1 (5W) Foco 2 (5W) Foco 3 (3W) Tiempo Consumo (Wh) Costos (S/./mes) Caso 1 17h. 23min 4.83 1.48 Caso 2 10h. 37min 7.91 1.48 Caso 3 06h. 44min 12.48 1.48 𝐸𝑓𝑖𝑐. = 14.65 % Verde = encendido Rojo = apagado
  • 22. DISCUSION DE RESULTADOS • Se determinó el tiempo de duración de la batería corroborar la cantidad de focos que pueden ser utilizados en un domicilio real. Según las horas que se pudieron obtener, para una noche completa de entre 6 y 8 horas se utilizarían de 1 a 2 focos. • Se desarrolló la obtención del consumo real para los 3 casos con la finalidad de determinar los ahorros en costos mensuales siendo de 1.48 soles. Este valor se repite para todos los casos, pero el más óptimo es el caso 2, ya que se utilizaría toda la energía en una noche a comparación del caso que se desperdiciaría capacidad de la batería y en el caso 3 no llegaría a alcanzar la energía suficiente para la noche. • La eficiencia obtenida fue de 14.65% según condiciones estándares de medida (CEM), este resultado es bastante aceptable ya que se encuentra dentro del rango de 6 – 22%.
  • 23. • Se generó una representación a pequeña escala del uso de energías limpias o renovables usando un panel solar con un 10% de eficiencia. • Se comprobó el ahorro de costos siendo el caso 2 el más óptimo ya que ni hace falta ni se desperdicia energía. • Se determinó la eficiencia del panel solar utilizado siendo de 14.65% según condiciones estándares de medida (CEM). • Se explicó a detalle el funcionamiento de un panel solar utilizado para la transformación de la energía solar fotovoltaica a energía eléctrica. CONCLUSIONES