Cancer is a degenerative disease that can be prevented and managed by following proper nutritional considerations however the prognosis highly depends on the stage of diagnosis.
Food choices can help prevent cancer and, when cancer has been diagnosed, nutrition can improve survival. These links between diet and cancer are nothing short of dramatic. And now you can learn how certain dietary patterns help people diagnosed with cancer live longer, healthier lives.
Food choices can help prevent cancer and, when cancer has been diagnosed, nutrition can improve survival. These links between diet and cancer are nothing short of dramatic. And now you can learn how certain dietary patterns help people diagnosed with cancer live longer, healthier lives.
Medooc is a search engine for researching medical information.It has been built by medical
professionals to help others in the community to research and share credible health information.
Doctors, Physcials and medical professionals participate in Medooc.com on day to day basis to help
each other.
For more information you can visit:-http://www.medooc.com/
Biology, etiology, epidemiology and diagnosis of cancer. Various phases of clinical trials, prevention and early detection of cancer, and treatment options of cancer
Cancer Awareness By Ms. Susmita Mitra
This is part of the HELP Talk series at HELP,Health Education Library for People, the worlds largest free patient education library www.healthlibrary.com.
For info log on to www.healthlibrary.com.
CANCER, LINKING CANCER WITH ITS RISK FACTORS, A STUDY CONDUCTED IN NRS MEDICA...Naushad Alam
Cancer is a dreadful disease.But like any other disease it depends on certain risk factors which predisposes certain people to have it and certain people to not have it.This slide shows details of a project undertaken by 20 medical students of the reputed Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College of Kolkata, so as to understand cancer and associate it with its risk factors. This study has been conducted in NRS itself selecting various groups of cancer and non cancer patients with varying pathologies.This project attempts to establish the fact that simple lifestyle modifications may reduce your chances of actually acquring Cancer.Simple changes in diet like avoiding junk food can actually lower the risk of getting Colon Cancer. So please go through the slides so as to get a perspective of the disease and what simple measures can be taken, on your behalf to avoid it.
Nursing management of patients with oncological conditionsANILKUMAR BR
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.
Cancer is caused by external factors and internal factors which may act together to initiate or promote carcinogenesis.
External Factors - chemicals, radiation, viruses, and lifestyle.
Internal Factors – hormones, immune condition, and inherited mutations.
Oncology branch of medicine deals with etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer.
Onco - is a Greek word meaning tumor .
Medooc is a search engine for researching medical information.It has been built by medical
professionals to help others in the community to research and share credible health information.
Doctors, Physcials and medical professionals participate in Medooc.com on day to day basis to help
each other.
For more information you can visit:-http://www.medooc.com/
Biology, etiology, epidemiology and diagnosis of cancer. Various phases of clinical trials, prevention and early detection of cancer, and treatment options of cancer
Cancer Awareness By Ms. Susmita Mitra
This is part of the HELP Talk series at HELP,Health Education Library for People, the worlds largest free patient education library www.healthlibrary.com.
For info log on to www.healthlibrary.com.
CANCER, LINKING CANCER WITH ITS RISK FACTORS, A STUDY CONDUCTED IN NRS MEDICA...Naushad Alam
Cancer is a dreadful disease.But like any other disease it depends on certain risk factors which predisposes certain people to have it and certain people to not have it.This slide shows details of a project undertaken by 20 medical students of the reputed Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College of Kolkata, so as to understand cancer and associate it with its risk factors. This study has been conducted in NRS itself selecting various groups of cancer and non cancer patients with varying pathologies.This project attempts to establish the fact that simple lifestyle modifications may reduce your chances of actually acquring Cancer.Simple changes in diet like avoiding junk food can actually lower the risk of getting Colon Cancer. So please go through the slides so as to get a perspective of the disease and what simple measures can be taken, on your behalf to avoid it.
Nursing management of patients with oncological conditionsANILKUMAR BR
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.
Cancer is caused by external factors and internal factors which may act together to initiate or promote carcinogenesis.
External Factors - chemicals, radiation, viruses, and lifestyle.
Internal Factors – hormones, immune condition, and inherited mutations.
Oncology branch of medicine deals with etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer.
Onco - is a Greek word meaning tumor .
It is all about cancer , risk factors of cancer now days based on strong evidences , it's way of prevention and also includes a new research on melatonin effect on reduction and prevention of many cancers including: Breast, prostate , lung , solid tumor ...etc
Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the body.
Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body.
It is made up of trillions of cells.
Normally, human cells grow and multiply (through a process called cell division) to form new cells as the body needs them.
When cells grow old or become damaged, they die and new cells take their place.
Sometimes this orderly process breaks down and abnormal or damaged cells grow and multiply when they should not.
These cells may form tumors, which are lumps of tissue.
Tumors can be cancerous (malignant) or not cancerous (benign).
Cancerous tumors spread into or over, nearby tissues and can travel to distant places in the body to form new tumors (a process called metastasis).
Cancerous tumors may also be called malignant tumors. Many cancers form solid tumors, but cancers of the blood, such as leukemias, generally do not.
Benign tumors do not spread into or over, nearby tissues.
When removed, benign tumors usually don’t grow back, whereas cancerous tumors sometimes do.
Benign tumors can sometimes be quite large, however. Some can cause serious symptoms or be life threatening, such as benign tumors in the brain.
Types of Genes that Cause Cancer
The genetic changes that contribute to cancer tend to affect three main types of genes—
proto-oncogenes
tumor suppressor genes
DNA repair genes.
These changes are sometimes called “drivers” of cancer.
Proto-oncogenes are involved in normal cell growth and division. However, when these genes are altered in certain ways or are more active than normal, they may become cancer-causing genes (oncogenes), allowing cells to grow and survive when they should not.
Tumor suppressor genes are also involved in controlling cell growth and division. Cells with certain alterations in tumor suppressor genes may divide in an uncontrolled manner.
DNA repair genes are involved in fixing damaged DNA.
Cells with mutations in these genes tend to develop additional mutations in other genes and changes in their chromosomes, such as duplications and deletions of chromosome parts. Together, these mutations may cause the cells to become cancerous.
TYPES OF CANCER
1) Carcinomas
A carcinoma begins in the skin or the tissue that covers the surface of internal organs and glands.
Carcinomas usually form solid tumors.
They are the most common type of cancer.
Examples of carcinomas include
Prostate Cancer,
Breast Cancer,
Lung Cancer,
Colorectal Cancer.
2) Sarcomas
A sarcoma begins in the tissues that support and connect the body.
A type of cancer that begins in bone or in the soft tissues of the body.
A sarcoma can develop in fat, muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, blood vessels, lymph vessels, cartilage, or bone.3) Leukemias
Leukemia is a cancer of the blood.
Leukemia begins when healthy blood cells change and grow uncontrollably.
The 4 main types of leukemia are :
4) Lymphomas
Lymphoma is a cancer that be
A seminar on colon cancer including topics of Epidemiology, Aetiology, Molecular Biology, Pathology, Clinical presentation, Screening, Diagnosis and Staging.
Infancy is the critical stage of life and forms the base for the overall development of the child. The nutrition plays an important role in deciding the future health of the child and to improve the current health status.
The poverty rate in India is impacting the economy and Malnutrition (Undernutrition) is a consequence of poverty. There are various ways to combat malnutrition including SAM management strategies along with various ongoing nutrition improvement programs focusing on maternal and child health.
Knowledge of nutrition is incomplete without knowing the ways to enhance the nutritional quality of the diets, this help in better compliance and adherence.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Leading the Way in Nephrology: Dr. David Greene's Work with Stem Cells for Ki...Dr. David Greene Arizona
As we watch Dr. Greene's continued efforts and research in Arizona, it's clear that stem cell therapy holds a promising key to unlocking new doors in the treatment of kidney disease. With each study and trial, we step closer to a world where kidney disease is no longer a life sentence but a treatable condition, thanks to pioneers like Dr. David Greene.
The Importance of Community Nursing Care.pdfAD Healthcare
NDIS and Community 24/7 Nursing Care is a specific type of support that may be provided under the NDIS for individuals with complex medical needs who require ongoing nursing care in a community setting, such as their home or a supported accommodation facility.
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
2. • Cancer is a condition where cells in a specific part of the body grow and
reproduce uncontrollably.
• The cancerous cells can invade and destroy surrounding healthy tissue, including
organs.
• Cancer begins in one part of the body before spreading to other areas (metastasis:
growth of malignant tissues that spreads to surrounding tissues or organs)
CANCER
3. CAUSES OF CANCER
Cancer arises from the transformation of normal cells into tumor cells in a multistage process that
generally progresses from a pre-cancerous lesion to a malignant tumor. Causes of cancer includes:
• Inherited genetic defects (for example, BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, oncogenes)
• Infections
• Environmental factors (for example, air pollution)
• Poor lifestyle choices -- such as smoking and heavy alcohol use -- can also damage DNA and
lead to cancer
• Ageing is another fundamental factor for the development of cancer. The overall risk
accumulation is combined with the tendency for cellular repair mechanisms to be less effective
as a person grows older.
4. CARCINOGENS
Carcinogens are the agents that interact with the genetic factors of a person and lead to
genetic mutations and causes cancer, the types of carcinogens include:
• physical carcinogens, such as ultraviolet and ionizing radiation;
• chemical carcinogens, such as asbestos, components of tobacco smoke, aflatoxin (a
food contaminant), and arsenic (a drinking water contaminant).
• biological carcinogens, such as infections from certain viruses, bacteria, or parasite.
5. STAGES OF CARCINOGENESIS
1. INITIATION: It involves transformation of cells produced by the interaction of
carcinogens (chemicals, radiation or viruses) with the cellular DNA. Transformation
Occurs rapidly but cells can remain dormant for a variable period until they are
activated by promoting agent.
2. PROMOTION: cells multiply and escapes apoptosis and a neoplasm is established.
3. PROGRESSION: tumor cells aggregate and grow into a fully malignant neoplasm or
tumor.
7. SPECIFIC TYPES OF CANCER (WCRF)
Bladder cancer
Drinking water with increased arsenic may cause bladder cancer.
Breast cancer
• It is the most common cancer in women worldwide.
• Ionizing radiation exposure from medical treatment such as X-rays, particularly during puberty,
increases the risk of breast cancer, even at low doses.
• Hormone therapy (containing estrogen with or without progesterone) increases risk of breast
cancer and the risk is greater with combined estrogen plus progesterone preparations. Oral
contraceptives containing both estrogen and progesterone also cause a small increased risk of
breast cancer in young women.
• Endometrial cancer
• Body fatness increases the risk of endometrial cancer.
8. Kidney cancer
• Smoking is a cause of kidney cancer. Both current and former smokers have an increased risk
of renal cell cancer compared to people who have never smoked. Analgesics containing
phenacetin are a cause of cancer of the renal pelvis. Polycystic kidney disease predisposes
people to kidney cancer and hypertension is associated with higher risk of kidney cancer.
Liver cancer
• Hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses are causes of liver cancer. The former appears to act
directly by damaging cells and their DNA. The latter shows an indirect effect, mediated by
cirrhosis. Greater body fatness, consumption of alcoholic drinks, and higher exposure to
aflatoxins and consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated foods are causes of liver cancer.
Lung cancer
• Smoking is the principal cause of lung cancer; there is also convincing evidence that arsenic
in drinking water increase the risk of lung cancer.
• Consuming fruits, and also foods containing carotenoids, probably protect against this cancer.
Pancreatic cancer
• Body fatness increases the risk of pancreatic cancer.
9. Esophageal cancer
• There are two types of esophageal cancer – adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma develops at the junction of the esophagus and stomach, and squamous cell
carcinoma occurs in the cells lining the upper part of the esophagus.
• Smoking is an important risk factor for esophageal cancer as well as chewing betel quid.
Stomach cancer
• The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is an important cause of stomach cancer, particularly non-
cardia cancer. Epstein-Barr virus, which is carcinogenic to humans, has also been linked to
stomach cancer in some studies.
• Tobacco use is a cause of stomach cancer.
Colorectal cancer
• Consuming processed meat and alcoholic drinks, body fatness increase the risk of colorectal
cancer. There was also convincing evidence that physical activity is protective against colon
cancer specifically.
• Wholegrains, foods containing dietary fiber, dairy products and calcium supplements probably
protect and consuming red meat probably increases the risk of colorectal cancer.
10. GLOBAL CANCER STATISTICS
According to WHO report, cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting
for 8.8 million deaths in 2015. The most common causes of cancer death are cancers
of:
• Lung (1.69 million deaths)
• Liver (7,88, 000 deaths)
• Colorectal (7,74 ,000 deaths)
• Stomach (7,54, 000 deaths)
• Breast (5,71, 000 deaths)
11. NATIONAL CANCER STATISTICS
• Estimated number of people living with the disease: around 2.5 million
• Every year, new cancer patients registered: Over 7 lakh
• Cancer-related deaths: 5,56,400
• Cancers of oral cavity and lungs in males and cervix and breast in females
account for over 50% of all cancer deaths in India.
MALES
ORAL CAVITY
LUNG
STOMACH
COLORECTUM
PHARYNX
FEMALES
BREAST
CERVIX
COLORECTUM
OVARY
ORAL CAVITY
GENDER SPECIFIC COMMON
CANCERS IN INDIA
12. RISK FACTORS
• Tobacco use, alcohol use, unhealthy diet (high consumption of red
meats, saturated fats, highly salted and pickled foods), and physical
inactivity are major cancer risk factors worldwide.
• Some chronic infections are risk factors for cancer and have major
relevance in low- and middle-income countries. Approximately
15% of cancers diagnosed in 2012 were attributed to carcinogenic
infections, including Helicobacter pylori, Human papillomavirus
(HPV), Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, and Epstein-Barr virus.
• Hepatitis B and C virus and some types of HPV increase the risk for
liver and cervical cancer, respectively. Infection with HIV
substantially increases the risk of cancers such as cervical cancer.
• There is a possible increased cancer risk posed by the formation of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic amines when
high heat cooking methods such as grilling, barbecuing and
smoking of meats are used due to combustion of carbon fuel and
pyrolysis of protein.
13. DIAGNOSIS OF CANCER
• Physical examination
• Blood tests : (biomarker analysis )
• Cytology study and tumor biopsy
• Imaging (x-rays, CT scan, MRI, PET)
• TNM Staging :
T refers to the size and extent of the tumor.
N refers to the number of nearby lymph nodes that have cancer.
M refers to whether the cancer has metastasized. This means that the cancer
has spread from the primary tumor to other parts of the body.
Needle
Endoscope
Surgery
14.
15. NUTRITION IMPACT OF CANCER THERAPIES
• CHEMOTHERAPY
Chemotherapy involves use of chemical agents or medications to treat cancer.
NUTRITION IMPACT SYMPTOMS OF
CHEMOTHERAPY :
Myelosuppression
Fatigue
Nausea
Vomiting
Mucositis
Changes in taste and smell
Xerostomia
Dysphagia
Changes in bowel function
Malignant tissue along with bone
marrow, hair follicles and mucosa of
alimentary canal are the most affected
16. Immunotherapy
In immunotherapy biologic agents are used as cytotoxic agents or as stimulators of
patient’s own natural defenses.
IMPACT SYMPTOMS OF IMMUNOTHERAPY:
Fever
Chills
Fatigue
Flulike symptoms
Decreased food intake
17. Radiation therapy
A highly localized dose of a radioactive implant is given either internally or
externally and hence the side effects are site specific.
Affects tumor and
surrounding areasRadiation therapy impact
symptoms to
Head and Neck : sore mouth ,
altered taste and smell, dysphagia,
odynophagia, mucositis,
xerostomia.
Thorax: heartburn, acute
esophagitis, dysphagia,
odynophagia.
Abdomen: gastritis, nausea, GI
damage, nutrient malabsorption.
18. Surgery
• Fatigue
• Pain
• Loss of appetite
• Changes in normal eating
Surgical method of cancer treatment involves resection or removal of any part of
alimentary tract.
IMPACT SYMPTOMS OF SURGERY
Major surgical resections for cancer may
necessitate the removal of adjacent normal
tissue with resultant loss of function.
19. Cancer Cachexia
Malnutrition is characterized by progressive
depletion of body reserves (body weight,
adipose tissue, skeletal muscle) when the
supply of nutrients is limited. In cachexia,
weight loss and depletion of body reserves
is greater than would be expected based on
the prevailing level of dietary intake, owing
to the presence of metabolic abnormalities,
which enhance catabolism.
20. NUTRITIONAL CARE
• Patients should be advised to consume sufficient energy
and protein to maintain their nutritional stores and to
achieve and maintain appropriate weight for height.
• Patients experiencing difficulty in eating and treatment
related side-effects, the use of multivitamin and mineral
supplement that provides no more than 100% of RDA is
considered safe.
• Early intervention is essential hence nutritional screening
(PG-SGA) and assessment for the risk of nutritional
problems should be done throughout the treatment and
recovery.
• Proper, individualized determination of routes of
nutritional care should be done : oral, enteral or
parenteral.
GOALS:
• To prevent and reverse
nutrient deficiencies.
• To preserve lean body
mass
• To minimize nutrition
related side effects.
• To maximize the quality of
life.
21. PALLIATIVE CARE FOR ADVANCE CANCER PATIENTS
Palliative care is active total care of an individual when curative measures
are no longer considered an option by either the medical team or patient.
GOAL
To provide an optimal quality of life for
the individual and family
NUTRITION
SHOULD BE
PROVIDED AS
TOLERATED OR
AS DESIRED
PLEASURABLE ASPECTS OF
EATING SHOULD BE
EMPHASIZED WITHOUT
THE CONCERN FOR
NUTRIENTS OR QUANTITY
MAINTAINING
STRENGTH AND ENERGY
AND MANAGE
NUTRITION IMPACT
SYMPTOMS
MANAGING
PSYCHOLOGICAL,
SPIRITUAL AND SOCIAL
ISSUES
22. PREVENTION
• Avoid tobacco consumption in any form.
• Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables.
• Be physically active and maintain a healthy weight.
• Drink alcohol only in moderation.
• Select foods low in salt and fat.
• Prepare and store food safely.