The document provides information about cancer rates and risks in Michigan. It states that cancer is a leading cause of death for adults ages 25-64, with lung, breast and colorectal cancer being the top three cancers. The document outlines screening guidelines for various cancers and recommends lifestyle changes like eating more fruits and vegetables and exercising regularly to help prevent cancer.

1. What Do I Need to Know About Cancer? September, 2008

2. Where I Live… 51,150 cancer cases this year in MI 7 th highest incidence in U.S. 21,210 deaths this year

3. Health Concerns of Adults 25-64 Leading causes of death for 25-44 1. Unintentional injuries 2. Cancer 3. Heart Disease 4. Suicide 5. HIV 6. Homicide

4. Health Concerns of Adults 25-64 The leading causes of death for 45-64: 1. Cancer 2. Heart disease 3. Unintentional injuries

5. Health Concerns of Adults 25-64 Cancer: the three leading cancers for both of these age groups are: Lung Breast Colorectal

6. Cancer Incidence in Men Prostate (25%) Lung & Bronchus (15%) Colorectal (10%) Urinary bladder (7%) Melanoma (5%) Non-Hodgkin's (5%) Kidney & Renal (4%) Leukemia (3%) Oral cavity & Pharynx (3%) Pancreas (3%)

7. Cancer Mortality for Men Lung & Bronchus (31%) Prostate (10%) Colorectal (8%) Pancreas (6%) Leukemia (4%) Esophagus (4%) Liver (3%) Non-Hodgkin (3%) Urinary Bladder (3%) Kidney & Renal (3%)

8. Cancer Incidence in Women Breast (26%) Lung & Bronchus (14%) Colorectal (10%) Uterine (6%) Non-Hodgkin's (4%) Melanoma (4%) Thyroid (4%) Ovary (3%) Kidney & Renal (3%) Leukemia (3%)

9. Cancer Mortality for Women Lung & Bronchus (26%) Breast (15%) Colorectal (9%) Ovary (6%) Pancreas (6%) Leukemia (3%) Non-Hodgkin (3%) Uterine (3%) Liver (2%) Brain & other nervous system (2%)

10. What do we Notice? Discrepancies between most diagnosed vs. deaths? # 1 killer of men and women? LUNG CANCER! 2 nd and 3 rd site mortalities: Can be prevented through early detection

11. Take Home Message… Roughly 50% of cancer mortalities can be prevented through healthier living and early detection!

12. Screening Guidelines for Early Detection: Breast Cancer Yearly mammogram starting at age 40 Clinical breast exams every 2-3 years for women in their 20s and 30s and every year for women 40 and older SBE? Option for women starting in their 20s Women at increased risk (family history, genetic tendency, past breast cancer) should consult physician about prevention techniques that might differ from the norm.

13. Screening Guidelines for Early Detection: Colorectal Cancer At age 50 men and women should choose from one of the following 5 options Yearly fecal blood test (FOBT) Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years Yearly FOBT and flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years** Double contrast barium enema every 5 years Colonoscopy every 10 years Those with moderate to high risk should talk to physician about a different testing schedule

14. Screening Guidelines for Early Detection: Prostate Cancer Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test and the Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) should begin annually at age 50 Men at high risk (African American men and men with a strong family history of 1 or more first degree relatives diagnosed at an early age) should begin testing at age 45 Every man should talk to his physician about early detection and treatment of prostate cancer

15. Screening Guidelines for Early Detection: Cervical Cancer Annual pap test 3 years after a woman starts having vaginal intercourse. After age 30, women who have had 3 normal tests may get screened every 2-3 years** Women 70 and older who have had three normal pap tests in the past 10 years may choose to stop cervical cancer screening Screening after a total hysterectomy is not necessary**

16. Screening Guidelines for Early Detection: Uterine Cancer At the time of menopause, all women should be informed about the risks and symptoms of endometrial cancer and strongly encouraged to report any unexpected bleeding or spotting to their physicians. Screening beginning at age 35 should be offered to women with or at risk for hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer .

17. Cancer Related Checkups Health counseling Examinations for cancers of the: Thyroid Oral cavity Skin Lymph nodes Testes Ovaries Non-malignant diseases

18. Healthier Living Smoking not only causes lung cancer. Did you also know that it can be attributed to oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, larynx, bladder, kidney and cervical cancer? 2 nd hand smoke: roughly 3000 non-smoking adults die of lung cancer as a result of breathing secondhand smoke. Don’t Smoke (or if you do…quit. We have lots of tips and tools to help!)

19. Healthier Living 33% of all cancer deaths that occur in the US each year are due to nutrition and physical activity factors: Eat a variety of fruits and veggies everyday Whole grains Limit consumption of red meats and processed meats Engage in moderate to vigorous activity for 30-45 minutes or more 5 days a week

20. How can you change? Eating more vegetables! Breakfast: Usually do cereal? Slice a medium or half a large banana on top. Above all else, don’t forget your morning juice. Just 6 ounces of 100% fruit juice or low-sodium vegetable juice counts as a serving toward your 5 A Day. Tally: 2 servings.

21. How can you change? Eating more vegetables! Midmorning snack: Unsweetened portable applesauce counts as a serving and is easy to snack on anywhere. Like those baby carrots? Eat just five or six baby carrots and you have another serving. A handful of dried fruit (1/4 cup) will do the trick too. Tally: 3 servings.

22. How can you change? Eating more vegetables! Lunch: When you need a quick lunch, try ordering a pita sandwich or wrap loaded with vegetables, or a cup of hearty vegetable soup. Add a small side salad with low-fat dressing, and feel your energy rise. Tally: 5 servings.

23. How can you change? Eating more vegetables! Dinner: Consider cooking canned or frozen peas or cauliflower in the microwave for a quick dinner side dish. Or, make a quick and delicious meal out of a microwave-cooked sweet potato with 1 teaspoon of butter, a splash of apple juice or squeeze of lemon, and a light sprinkling of cinnamon and brown sugar. A ½ cup of berries counts as one serving. Tally: 7 servings.

24. How can you change? Eating more vegetables! Dessert: Stock your freezer with 100% juice Popsicles or place ½ cup of berries, peaches, or other favorite fruit on low-fat frozen yogurt and you have added another serving to your day. Daily total: 8 servings.

25. How can you change? Eating more vegetables! It may sound too good to be true, but you don't necessarily have to set aside a half-hour to exercise. On those especially busy days, try working in 10 minutes of activity three times a day. For example, you can do some simple exercises for 10 minutes in the morning before everyone gets up, take a 10-minute walk during lunch, and another 10-minute walk after dinner. It's that simple to work in 30 minutes of activity.

26. How can you change? Physical Activity Moderate Activity is anything that makes you breath as hard as you do during a brisk walk. During moderate activities, you'll notice a slight increase in heart rate and breathing, but you may not break a sweat. Vigorous Activities are performed at a higher intensity. They produce an increased heart rate, sweating, and increased breathing rate. Other beneficial activities include those that improve strength and flexibility such as weight lifting, stretching, or yoga.

27. How Can You Change? Physical Activity! Exercise and Leisure Activities Moderate: Walking, Dancing, Leisurely Bicycling, Ice Skating, Roller Skating, Horseback Riding, Canoeing Vigorous : Jogging or Running, Fast Bicycling, Circuit Weight Training, Aerobic Dance, Martial Arts, Jump Rope, Swimming

28. How Can You Change? Physical Activity! Sports activities Moderate : Volleyball, golfing, softball, baseball, badminton, doubles tennis, downhill skiing Vigorous : Soccer, field hockey or ice hockey, lacrosse, singles tennis, racquetball, basketball, cross-country skiing

29. How Can You Change? Physical Activity! Home Activities Moderate: Mowing the lawn, general lawn and garden maintenance Vigorous: Digging, carrying and hauling, masonry, carpentry, shoveling snow

30. How Can You Change? Physical Activity! Occupational Activities Moderate: Walking and lifting as part of the job (custodial work, farming, auto or machine repair) Vigorous: Heavy manual labor (forestry, construction, fire fighting)

31. How Can You Change? Physical Activity! Looking for more ways to work in activity during your day? Use stairs rather than an elevator. Walk or bike to your destination. Exercise at lunch with your workmates, family or friends. Take a 10-minute exercise break at work to stretch or take a quick walk. Walk to visit co-workers instead of sending an email. Go dancing with your spouse or friends. Plan active vacations rather than only driving trips. Wear a pedometer every day and watch your daily steps increase. Join a sports team. Use a stationary bicycle or treadmill while watching TV.

32. Are there signs or symptoms for cancer? C hange in bowel or bladder habits A sore that does not heal U nusual bleeding or discharge T hickening or lump in the breast or any other part of the body I ndigestion or difficulty swallowing O bvious change in a wart or mole N agging cough or hoarseness

33. What can I do if I am diagnosed? Arm yourself with information Talk to your physician: ask questions, take notes, find a communication style that works best for both of you Call the American Cancer Society: 1.800.ACS.2345 We are here 24 hours a day 7 days a week. Log on to our website: www.cancer.org

34. What do I do if someone I know is diagnosed? Empower them to find out as much as they can about their diagnosis. Reassure them that people (family, professionals) are available, concerned and ready to talk about their illness. Don’t be overprotective: people with cancer need understanding not sympathy and realistic help…not overindulgence Talk about thoughts and feelings openly…but only if they want to! Respect the wishes of the patient Don’t give advice! Above all, just be a good friend. Listen, give help when asked and continue to do the things that you enjoy doing together!

35. What is the American Cancer Society doing to help you? We are trying to educate as many people as possible about prevention and the disease We are advocating for healthier communities We are funding researchers to find a cure, create new diagnostic tools and to decrease mortality We provide services to measurably improve the quality of life for patients, caregivers, family members and friends.