This document discusses the potential for ostrich farming in Pakistan as a new opportunity within the poultry industry. It notes that ostriches are well-suited to Pakistan's climate and can be raised on marginal lands. Ostrich meat and other products like oil, leather, and feathers have economic value. The document argues that ostrich farming could provide an alternative for livestock production and benefit farmers through high profitability and low costs compared to other livestock. However, it notes that awareness and support are needed to encourage more farmers to adopt this new approach scientifically.
This document discusses the future prospects of ostrich farming in Pakistan. It notes that ostrich farming is a new emerging industry globally and that Pakistan has potential to be a leader in ostrich farming due to its cheap labor and feed. However, currently ostrich producers in Pakistan are only meeting 10% of customer demand. The document recommends that more research is needed on ostrich welfare in Pakistan's climate and that academia and livestock departments should promote ostrich farming to help Pakistan capture a larger share of the local and international markets for ostrich meat, feathers and other products.
This document discusses the potential for ostrich farming in Pakistan as a new opportunity within the poultry industry. It notes that ostriches are well-suited to Pakistan's climate and can be raised on marginal lands. Ostrich meat and other products like oil, leather, and feathers have economic value. The document argues that ostrich farming could provide an alternative for livestock production and benefit farmers through high profitability and low costs compared to other livestock. However, it notes that awareness and support are needed to encourage more farmers to adopt this new approach scientifically.
This document discusses ostriches and their characteristics. It notes that ostriches are flightless birds called ratites that lack a breastbone keel. Examples given of ratites include ostriches, emus, rheas and cassowaries. Ostriches are distinguished from other birds by not having a crop and by having a gallbladder like horses. The document provides details on ostrich taxonomy, subspecies, breeding, egg production, incubation, and uses for ostrich meat, eggs and feathers. It notes that ostrich arteries have been successfully transplanted in pigs with hopes for future human use.
The document discusses the history and domestication of various types of poultry. It notes that domestic fowl were domesticated from red jungle fowl over 8,000 years ago and formed the basis for modern breeds by Roman times. It also discusses the domestication of turkeys in the Americas over 2,000 years ago, as well as quail in Japan about 1,000 years ago. The document provides brief histories of other domesticated birds such as guinea fowl, pheasants, ducks, geese, pigeons, and ostriches.
Brief Introduction of 1st National Training on COMMERCIAL OSTRICH FARMING organized by STATION FOR OSTRICH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
Brief Introduction of 1st National Training on COMMERCIAL OSTRICH FARMING organized by STATION FOR OSTRICH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
The document discusses several endangered animal species from around the world, including 11 mammals, 14 birds, and 38 reptiles that were recently added to the critically endangered list. It also describes China's efforts to establish nature reserves to protect habitats and support recovery of endangered species populations. Several endangered species found in China and elsewhere in Asia are then described in more detail.
Tropical forests are found near the equator and include rainforests and seasonal forests that receive over 8.5 feet of rain annually. They are home to the largest number of animal species of any habitat. Seasonal forests have wet and dry seasons while rainforests have rain throughout the year.
This document discusses the future prospects of ostrich farming in Pakistan. It notes that ostrich farming is a new emerging industry globally and that Pakistan has potential to be a leader in ostrich farming due to its cheap labor and feed. However, currently ostrich producers in Pakistan are only meeting 10% of customer demand. The document recommends that more research is needed on ostrich welfare in Pakistan's climate and that academia and livestock departments should promote ostrich farming to help Pakistan capture a larger share of the local and international markets for ostrich meat, feathers and other products.
This document discusses the potential for ostrich farming in Pakistan as a new opportunity within the poultry industry. It notes that ostriches are well-suited to Pakistan's climate and can be raised on marginal lands. Ostrich meat and other products like oil, leather, and feathers have economic value. The document argues that ostrich farming could provide an alternative for livestock production and benefit farmers through high profitability and low costs compared to other livestock. However, it notes that awareness and support are needed to encourage more farmers to adopt this new approach scientifically.
This document discusses ostriches and their characteristics. It notes that ostriches are flightless birds called ratites that lack a breastbone keel. Examples given of ratites include ostriches, emus, rheas and cassowaries. Ostriches are distinguished from other birds by not having a crop and by having a gallbladder like horses. The document provides details on ostrich taxonomy, subspecies, breeding, egg production, incubation, and uses for ostrich meat, eggs and feathers. It notes that ostrich arteries have been successfully transplanted in pigs with hopes for future human use.
The document discusses the history and domestication of various types of poultry. It notes that domestic fowl were domesticated from red jungle fowl over 8,000 years ago and formed the basis for modern breeds by Roman times. It also discusses the domestication of turkeys in the Americas over 2,000 years ago, as well as quail in Japan about 1,000 years ago. The document provides brief histories of other domesticated birds such as guinea fowl, pheasants, ducks, geese, pigeons, and ostriches.
Brief Introduction of 1st National Training on COMMERCIAL OSTRICH FARMING organized by STATION FOR OSTRICH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
Brief Introduction of 1st National Training on COMMERCIAL OSTRICH FARMING organized by STATION FOR OSTRICH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
The document discusses several endangered animal species from around the world, including 11 mammals, 14 birds, and 38 reptiles that were recently added to the critically endangered list. It also describes China's efforts to establish nature reserves to protect habitats and support recovery of endangered species populations. Several endangered species found in China and elsewhere in Asia are then described in more detail.
Tropical forests are found near the equator and include rainforests and seasonal forests that receive over 8.5 feet of rain annually. They are home to the largest number of animal species of any habitat. Seasonal forests have wet and dry seasons while rainforests have rain throughout the year.
This document summarizes a study on the prevalence of ectoparasites in wild and domesticated grey (Francolinus Pondicerianus) and black partridges (Francolinus Francolinus) in Khayber Pakhtoonkhawa, Pakistan. The study aimed to compare the types and prevalence of ectoparasites between wild and domesticated populations of these two partridge species. Ectoparasites were collected from birds using visual examination and dust ruffling methods. The ectoparasites were then identified microscopically. The prevalence and mean intensity of ectoparasites was determined and compared between wild and domesticated birds to understand the impact of habitat and domestication on ectoparas
The chukar is a gamebird with distinctive black and white stripes on its wings and a black band across its eyes. It has brown upper body feathers and a white face with an orange beak. There are 14 subspecies that can live 12-15 years. Chukars are found in Pakistan where they present a challenge to hunters in their remote, rugged habitat. Regulations allow hunting on Sundays with a limit of 6 birds and a maximum bag limit of 8 birds per day. Chukars can be purchased in Pakistan for between 5000-50000 rupees from sellers advertising online or via telephone numbers provided.
Over 195 species of reptiles are found in Pakistan, including 13 endemic species. Two critically endangered crocodilian species - the mugger crocodile and gharial - live in Pakistan's rivers and wetlands. The mugger occurs primarily in Sindh and Balochistan, while the gharial is now virtually extinct throughout Pakistan. Both species face major threats from habitat loss and overhunting. The government is interested in surveys to assess their status and potential conservation programs, including a captive rearing center, to support restocking efforts.
it gives you brief about origin of poultry and how they diffused through out the world, when their domestication was started ,about their ancestors & their origin genetic classification of poultry .
This document discusses several endangered tiger subspecies and the threats they face. It describes how Sumatran, Siberian, Bengal, and South China tigers have faced major population declines due to habitat loss and poaching. Sumatran tigers now number less than 500, while Siberian tigers were down to less than 50 individuals in the mid-20th century. Efforts are underway to protect and breed these tigers in captivity to help recover their wild populations. However, all four subspecies described remain critically endangered.
This document summarizes the different bird orders and families found in Pakistan. It discusses loons, grebes, petrels, gannets, boobies, darters, pelicans, storks, flamingos, waterfowl, ospreys, pheasants, cranes, bustards, jacanas, plovers, lapwings, skuas, sandgrouse, pigeons, parrots, owls, rollers, hornbills, barbets, pittas and many families of passerine birds found in the country. In total, it provides information on over 50 orders and families of birds that live in or migrate to Pakistan.
The document summarizes the evolution and taxonomy of modern rhinoceros species. It describes the first rhinos appearing in Eurasia in the late Eocene, with pig-sized Menoceras having two side-by-side horns. Modern rhinos are thought to have dispersed from Europe and Asia during the Miocene. The two living African rhino species can be traced to the late Miocene 6 million year old Ceratotherium neumayri. There are five living rhino species described in detail, along with their distinguishing characteristics and population statuses. Rhino horns only consist of keratin and have been historically used for traditional medicines and dagger handles, though beliefs in their medical properties are unfounded.
Malayan Tapir Endangered Species Report Jamie Thrush V2Jamie Thrush
The Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus) is an endangered large herbivore native to Southeast Asia. It is found in Malaysia, southern Thailand, and Sumatra. The population is estimated at 1,500-2,000 and declining due to habitat loss and fragmentation from palm oil plantations. As fruit and seed dispersers, tapirs play a key role in rainforest regeneration, taking over this role from declining elephant and rhino populations. The tapir has a black and white coat, feeds mainly on fruits and plants, and is mostly nocturnal though also crepuscular. It is classified as Endangered by the IUCN due to a 50% population decline over the past 36 years from habitat
This document defines and describes different types of poultry. It notes that poultry includes domesticated birds kept for their eggs, meat, and feathers. The main kinds of poultry discussed are chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys, and quail. Poultry is one of the most widely eaten meats in the world, with chickens being the most common. Poultry meat and eggs provide a nutritious food source, as they are high in protein but low in fat.
Rhinoceroses are large, grey land mammals that have one or two horns and live in parts of Africa and Asia. There are five rhino species that vary in size from 1.5-1.8 meters tall and 350kg-4 tons in weight. Rhinos are solitary and territorial, using their horns to defend territories and mates. They are threatened by hunting for their horns and loss of habitat.
The document provides information about different types of birds through a series of paragraphs. It discusses the characteristics and behaviors of peacocks, pigeons and doves, parrots, penguins, owls, kingfishers, woodpeckers, cranes, hummingbirds, and sparrows. For each group of birds, it describes traits like appearance, habitat, diet, nesting behaviors, and geographic distribution. The document takes an encyclopedic approach to covering multiple bird taxa in brief sections.
Ostrich farming provides an environmentally friendly and profitable alternative to traditional livestock. Ostriches are the largest birds in the world and can produce meat, leather, feathers, and eggs. They reach sexual maturity between 2-4 years and females can lay 70 eggs per year. Ostrich meat is similar to beef and they are very efficient converters of feed into high quality protein. Ostrich farming requires less land and resources than cattle farming and can be highly profitable.
The document discusses plans for starting an emu farm business in India. It proposes a farm with 160 birds divided into 8 flocks on 2 acres of land. It provides details on the capital required for land, fencing, shelters, emu chicks, and building facilities. It also discusses operating costs for feed, salaries, and veterinary expenses. The rationale is that emu farming has low risk and maintenance but high profit potential, and would provide flexibility to pursue other career opportunities.
This document summarizes the biodiversity of reptiles found in Pakistan. It lists 195 reptile species known in Pakistan, including 13 endemic species. It provides tables of common and scientific names of reptiles classified by family. It notes two endemic crocodile species, the Mugger and Gharial, and lists internationally threatened reptile species. Snakes present include cobras, kraits, and vipers. Common lizards mentioned are the yellow monitor, spiny-tailed lizard, and leopard gecko.
Presentation on Habit, Habitat, and Ethology of Rhinoceros unicornisRubinaRoy1
Rhinoceros share particular types of habitat, exhibit social behaviors like aggression, parental care, agony, sexual preference. These mammals are the treasures of the world whose conservation is of utmost necessity to protect them from getting extinct.
This document discusses ostrich farming as a new development in the poultry industry of Pakistan. It provides details on ostrich biology, including that ostriches are the largest birds in the world, can reach over 6 feet tall, and are capable of running up to 65 km/hr. Ostrich meat is described as healthy and similar to beef. The document outlines ostrich anatomy, physiology, breeding behaviors such as mating displays, and farming practices like egg incubation which typically lasts 42-44 days. Ostrich farming is presented as an emerging industry with potential in Pakistan.
This document discusses poultry production in Pakistan. It begins by defining poultry and describing common poultry species. It then discusses the history and development of the commercial poultry industry in Pakistan from the 1960s onward. Key points include that poultry provides a source of income and employment for many Pakistanis and plays an important role in meeting the country's protein demand. The poultry sector has grown significantly in recent decades and contributes substantially to Pakistan's economy and agriculture.
1. The document provides information on emu farming in India, which is an emerging enterprise. It discusses the anatomy, physiology, behavior, and reproduction traits of emus.
2. Emu farming management includes proper housing, feeding, breeding, and health practices. Feeding emus requires a balanced diet formulated for different growth stages. Disease prevention relies on good hygiene and vaccination.
3. Emu farming was permitted in India in 1972 and has grown significantly since the late 1990s, particularly in states like Andhra Pradesh. While production is increasing, marketing and awareness of emu products in India needs further development to realize the full potential of the industry.
This document summarizes a study on the prevalence of ectoparasites in wild and domesticated grey (Francolinus Pondicerianus) and black partridges (Francolinus Francolinus) in Khayber Pakhtoonkhawa, Pakistan. The study aimed to compare the types and prevalence of ectoparasites between wild and domesticated populations of these two partridge species. Ectoparasites were collected from birds using visual examination and dust ruffling methods. The ectoparasites were then identified microscopically. The prevalence and mean intensity of ectoparasites was determined and compared between wild and domesticated birds to understand the impact of habitat and domestication on ectoparas
The chukar is a gamebird with distinctive black and white stripes on its wings and a black band across its eyes. It has brown upper body feathers and a white face with an orange beak. There are 14 subspecies that can live 12-15 years. Chukars are found in Pakistan where they present a challenge to hunters in their remote, rugged habitat. Regulations allow hunting on Sundays with a limit of 6 birds and a maximum bag limit of 8 birds per day. Chukars can be purchased in Pakistan for between 5000-50000 rupees from sellers advertising online or via telephone numbers provided.
Over 195 species of reptiles are found in Pakistan, including 13 endemic species. Two critically endangered crocodilian species - the mugger crocodile and gharial - live in Pakistan's rivers and wetlands. The mugger occurs primarily in Sindh and Balochistan, while the gharial is now virtually extinct throughout Pakistan. Both species face major threats from habitat loss and overhunting. The government is interested in surveys to assess their status and potential conservation programs, including a captive rearing center, to support restocking efforts.
it gives you brief about origin of poultry and how they diffused through out the world, when their domestication was started ,about their ancestors & their origin genetic classification of poultry .
This document discusses several endangered tiger subspecies and the threats they face. It describes how Sumatran, Siberian, Bengal, and South China tigers have faced major population declines due to habitat loss and poaching. Sumatran tigers now number less than 500, while Siberian tigers were down to less than 50 individuals in the mid-20th century. Efforts are underway to protect and breed these tigers in captivity to help recover their wild populations. However, all four subspecies described remain critically endangered.
This document summarizes the different bird orders and families found in Pakistan. It discusses loons, grebes, petrels, gannets, boobies, darters, pelicans, storks, flamingos, waterfowl, ospreys, pheasants, cranes, bustards, jacanas, plovers, lapwings, skuas, sandgrouse, pigeons, parrots, owls, rollers, hornbills, barbets, pittas and many families of passerine birds found in the country. In total, it provides information on over 50 orders and families of birds that live in or migrate to Pakistan.
The document summarizes the evolution and taxonomy of modern rhinoceros species. It describes the first rhinos appearing in Eurasia in the late Eocene, with pig-sized Menoceras having two side-by-side horns. Modern rhinos are thought to have dispersed from Europe and Asia during the Miocene. The two living African rhino species can be traced to the late Miocene 6 million year old Ceratotherium neumayri. There are five living rhino species described in detail, along with their distinguishing characteristics and population statuses. Rhino horns only consist of keratin and have been historically used for traditional medicines and dagger handles, though beliefs in their medical properties are unfounded.
Malayan Tapir Endangered Species Report Jamie Thrush V2Jamie Thrush
The Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus) is an endangered large herbivore native to Southeast Asia. It is found in Malaysia, southern Thailand, and Sumatra. The population is estimated at 1,500-2,000 and declining due to habitat loss and fragmentation from palm oil plantations. As fruit and seed dispersers, tapirs play a key role in rainforest regeneration, taking over this role from declining elephant and rhino populations. The tapir has a black and white coat, feeds mainly on fruits and plants, and is mostly nocturnal though also crepuscular. It is classified as Endangered by the IUCN due to a 50% population decline over the past 36 years from habitat
This document defines and describes different types of poultry. It notes that poultry includes domesticated birds kept for their eggs, meat, and feathers. The main kinds of poultry discussed are chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys, and quail. Poultry is one of the most widely eaten meats in the world, with chickens being the most common. Poultry meat and eggs provide a nutritious food source, as they are high in protein but low in fat.
Rhinoceroses are large, grey land mammals that have one or two horns and live in parts of Africa and Asia. There are five rhino species that vary in size from 1.5-1.8 meters tall and 350kg-4 tons in weight. Rhinos are solitary and territorial, using their horns to defend territories and mates. They are threatened by hunting for their horns and loss of habitat.
The document provides information about different types of birds through a series of paragraphs. It discusses the characteristics and behaviors of peacocks, pigeons and doves, parrots, penguins, owls, kingfishers, woodpeckers, cranes, hummingbirds, and sparrows. For each group of birds, it describes traits like appearance, habitat, diet, nesting behaviors, and geographic distribution. The document takes an encyclopedic approach to covering multiple bird taxa in brief sections.
Ostrich farming provides an environmentally friendly and profitable alternative to traditional livestock. Ostriches are the largest birds in the world and can produce meat, leather, feathers, and eggs. They reach sexual maturity between 2-4 years and females can lay 70 eggs per year. Ostrich meat is similar to beef and they are very efficient converters of feed into high quality protein. Ostrich farming requires less land and resources than cattle farming and can be highly profitable.
The document discusses plans for starting an emu farm business in India. It proposes a farm with 160 birds divided into 8 flocks on 2 acres of land. It provides details on the capital required for land, fencing, shelters, emu chicks, and building facilities. It also discusses operating costs for feed, salaries, and veterinary expenses. The rationale is that emu farming has low risk and maintenance but high profit potential, and would provide flexibility to pursue other career opportunities.
This document summarizes the biodiversity of reptiles found in Pakistan. It lists 195 reptile species known in Pakistan, including 13 endemic species. It provides tables of common and scientific names of reptiles classified by family. It notes two endemic crocodile species, the Mugger and Gharial, and lists internationally threatened reptile species. Snakes present include cobras, kraits, and vipers. Common lizards mentioned are the yellow monitor, spiny-tailed lizard, and leopard gecko.
Presentation on Habit, Habitat, and Ethology of Rhinoceros unicornisRubinaRoy1
Rhinoceros share particular types of habitat, exhibit social behaviors like aggression, parental care, agony, sexual preference. These mammals are the treasures of the world whose conservation is of utmost necessity to protect them from getting extinct.
This document discusses ostrich farming as a new development in the poultry industry of Pakistan. It provides details on ostrich biology, including that ostriches are the largest birds in the world, can reach over 6 feet tall, and are capable of running up to 65 km/hr. Ostrich meat is described as healthy and similar to beef. The document outlines ostrich anatomy, physiology, breeding behaviors such as mating displays, and farming practices like egg incubation which typically lasts 42-44 days. Ostrich farming is presented as an emerging industry with potential in Pakistan.
This document discusses poultry production in Pakistan. It begins by defining poultry and describing common poultry species. It then discusses the history and development of the commercial poultry industry in Pakistan from the 1960s onward. Key points include that poultry provides a source of income and employment for many Pakistanis and plays an important role in meeting the country's protein demand. The poultry sector has grown significantly in recent decades and contributes substantially to Pakistan's economy and agriculture.
1. The document provides information on emu farming in India, which is an emerging enterprise. It discusses the anatomy, physiology, behavior, and reproduction traits of emus.
2. Emu farming management includes proper housing, feeding, breeding, and health practices. Feeding emus requires a balanced diet formulated for different growth stages. Disease prevention relies on good hygiene and vaccination.
3. Emu farming was permitted in India in 1972 and has grown significantly since the late 1990s, particularly in states like Andhra Pradesh. While production is increasing, marketing and awareness of emu products in India needs further development to realize the full potential of the industry.
Ostrich farming can be a profitable agricultural business. Ostriches are raised commercially for their meat, hides, and feathers. They have an excellent feed-to-weight ratio, requiring only 2-3.5 pounds of feed to produce 1 pound of weight gain. Ostrich meat is also very lean and low in fat and cholesterol. Potential ostrich farmers can obtain stock by purchasing eggs, chicks, or proven adult breeders. Proper nutrition, facilities, health management and breeding are keys to successful commercial ostrich farming.
a goodosjv jkcdsdsjvfdbjlfblkbn full-handout-of-poultry.pdfJhonAdrianVargas
This document provides an overview of poultry production and hatchery management. It begins with definitions of key terms like poultry, chick, pullet, hen, cockerel, cock/rooster, and broiler. It then discusses the origin and domestication of chickens, tracing them back to the red jungle fowl in Southeast Asia thousands of years ago. The document also classifies chickens based on geographical region, describing major classes like Asiatic, American, English, and Mediterranean breeds. It notes that chickens are the most widespread poultry in Ethiopia but are mostly local breeds with low productivity. The goal of the document is to introduce concepts in poultry science and management.
This document provides information about ratite production, focusing on ostriches, rheas, and emus. It discusses the history and characteristics of each bird species. Regulations for ratite production vary by state and require contacting local authorities. The document outlines considerations for ratite production, including housing, nutrition, health, and care of birds. It provides additional resources on various aspects of ratite farming.
Analysis of Effect of Three Different Feeds to the Growth Rate of TurkeysIRJET Journal
This study analyzed the effect of three different feeds (Feed A, Feed B, and Feed C) on the growth rate of turkeys. Turkeys were randomly assigned to blocks and administered one of the three feeds. Their initial weights were measured before feeding. Statistical analysis using a complete randomized design and Fisher's least significant difference test found a significant difference in growth rates between the treatment groups. The results revealed that Feed B produced the highest turkey weights. The goal was to determine the most effective feed for fast turkey growth and if there were significant differences in growth between the treatment groups or blocks.
This document provides an overview of pig production. It discusses the history and origins of pig farming, important pig breeds, and pig breeding systems. It also covers the pig production cycle and management considerations for young pigs. Some key points:
- Pig farming has a long history and was an important part of medieval agriculture. Modern pig production has become highly specialized and intensive.
- Important pig breeds include Large White, Landrace, Hampshire, and Duroc. Breeding systems like inbreeding and crossbreeding can be used to improve certain traits.
- The pig production cycle includes gestation, farrowing, suckling, and growing periods. Good management is important for young piglets' health and survival.
This document provides information about raising ducks and quails for profit in India. It discusses popular duck and quail breeds raised in India, their housing and management needs. Key points covered include India has a population of 36 million ducks, ducks are mainly raised in coastal regions, and quails require less space and capital to raise than chickens but produce more eggs relative to their body weight. The document also provides an example economic analysis of setting up a duck farm and quail farming operation.
The document provides information on the Chukar Partridge, including:
1. It describes the appearance, distribution, habitat, feeding, breeding and behaviors of the Chukar Partridge.
2. The population of the Chukar Partridge is declining due to factors like habitat destruction, hunting, and climate change.
3. Conservation efforts include protected areas, awareness campaigns, and sustainable breeding programs, but hybridization with other species remains a threat.
Ps 101 itroduction to poultry production full coursemithu mehr
This document provides an overview of poultry production and incubation. It begins with an introduction to poultry science and the importance of the poultry industry. It then discusses different types of poultry including broilers, layers, and breeders. The document outlines the classification of poultry breeds and varieties. It also describes the development of poultry from initial uses for entertainment to specialized breeding for food production. A large portion of the document is dedicated to describing the process of incubation, including natural incubation using broody hens and artificial incubation using incubators. It provides details on the requirements, types, and operation of different incubators.
Poultry science is the study of breeding, housing, nutrition, management, disease control and marketing of poultry and poultry products. Poultry includes chickens, ducks, turkeys and other birds that are economically important. Broilers are chickens raised for meat that reach 1.5kg by 6-7 weeks, while layers are chickens raised for egg production that may lay 150-300 eggs per year. Breeders are birds used for breeding to produce chicks. Poultry farming is important as it provides nutritious food and employment opportunities while requiring less space and resources than other forms of animal agriculture.
1. Backyard poultry production plays an important role in Pakistan's rural economy, accounting for 3878 million eggs and 108,000 tons of meat annually.
2. Three popular native chicken breeds reared in backyard systems are Aseel, Naked Neck, and Desi breeds, which are well-adapted to local environments and disease resistance.
3. However, these native breeds face problems like low growth and egg production rates. Their populations are declining as commercial breeds are substituted, putting the native breeds at risk of extinction or inbreeding issues. Higher authorities should focus on preserving and improving production of these indigenous breeds through research and support.
Egiyok presents here the varying poultry farming prevalent. There are detailed descriptions and illustrations, so as to make sure that the viewer could understand the categories. Egiyok is a B to B website that fulfills all the needs of the poultry industry in India.
This document provides an overview of ratite production, focusing on ostriches, emus, and rheas. It discusses the history and characteristics of each bird species. Key considerations for producers include regulations, production practices like housing and feeding, and marketing options. While ratite farming can be profitable, it also carries risks given the limited and variable meat and hide markets. Extensive research is strongly advised before pursuing ratite production as a business.
The document provides an introduction to poultry farming in India. It notes that India is the 6th largest producer of poultry in the world. Poultry farming has grown in India due to factors like low investment needs, quick income generation, and availability of government support. The two main systems of poultry farming discussed are semi-intensive and intensive systems. Intensive farming, using deep litter or cage housing systems, aims to provide optimal conditions for growth.
This document provides information on ostriches and ostrich farming. It discusses ostriches' evolutionary history and taxonomy, physical characteristics, breeding behaviors, and farming for their meat and leather. Key points include:
- Ostriches are the largest living birds and can run up to 70 km/hr. They live in Africa and have existed for over 40 million years.
- Males are mostly black while females are brownish-gray. Males have red skin on their beaks and legs due to testosterone.
- Ostriches reach sexual maturity at 2-4 years. A male mates with 2-3 females. Females lay cream-colored eggs every other day during breeding season.
- Their meat and
This document summarizes a course on small ruminant management taught by Prof. E.E. Ndemanisho at Sokoine University of Agriculture in Morogoro, Tanzania. The key points are:
1) The course covers the management of small ruminants like goats and sheep. These animals are well-suited for grazing in arid areas and an important source of meat, milk, and other products worldwide.
2) While goats and sheep are closely related, they differ in aspects like production potential and behavior. The document will treat them separately to avoid confusion.
3) Small ruminants represent an underutilized resource in developing countries. Increased research and
This document discusses ostrich farming and is presented by a group of 5 students with their roll numbers. It provides information on the history and origins of ostriches, their physical characteristics, farming practices for ostriches, and the products obtained from ostriches. Requirements for starting an ostrich farm are also outlined, including obtaining land, food, water, labor, and purchasing ostriches.
This study evaluated the effects of different levels of probiotic (Protexin) supplementation in broiler feed on blood parameters. 375 broilers were divided into 5 treatment groups that received either 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100 g/ton of probiotic in their feed. Blood samples were collected and analyzed. Results showed that hematological values, serum urea, creatinine, triglycerides, HDL, cholesterol and LDL were not affected by treatments. However, hemoglobin, serum glucose and total protein were significantly increased in birds receiving 100 g/ton probiotic compared to the control group. In conclusion, probiotic supplementation at different levels may improve some blood parameters of broilers.
This document summarizes a study that compared three techniques for treating auricular hematoma in dogs: conventional suturing, skin staples, and surgical glue. Fifteen dogs were divided into three groups and treated with one of the three techniques. The techniques were compared based on closure time, cosmetic appearance, and healing time. Surgical glue had the fastest closure time, the best cosmetic appearance results, and the shortest healing time, making it the most effective technique according to this study.
This document provides guidelines for health and hygiene for ostriches farmed commercially. It discusses some common diseases that can affect ostriches, including Newcastle disease, salmonellosis, and clostridiosis. It emphasizes the importance of vaccination protocols and biosecurity measures to prevent disease outbreaks. Specific recommendations are provided for vaccination schedules and practices. Maintaining strict hygiene, isolating sick birds, and disinfecting equipment and facilities can help control the spread of pathogens. Further research is needed on diseases that may affect ostriches in Pakistan.
Gross Examination, Selection, Collection and Fixation of Specimen ghulam abbas
The document discusses the gross examination, selection, collection and fixation of specimens in pathology. It covers identifying and labeling specimens, performing a gross examination, selecting relevant portions for microscopic examination, and principles of proper fixation. Fixation preserves tissue morphology and prevents autolysis and contamination. Common fixatives include 10% neutral buffered formalin, Bouin's solution, B5, and Zenker's solution. Proper handling and fixation are important for accurate laboratory diagnosis.
Feasibility report for 25 ostriche by dr. ghulam abbasghulam abbas
This feasibility report analyzes starting an ostrich farm with 25 ostriches on 4 kanals of land. It finds that the project has an 18.5% internal rate of return and 5.5 year payback period. Total project costs are Rs. 34.85 lakhs, including Rs. 1.25 lakhs for ostriches. Revenue of Rs. 12.25 lakhs is expected annually from selling 70 kg birds at Rs. 700/kg. The annual gross profit is Rs. 6.45 lakhs. Space, infrastructure like shelters and fencing, equipment, labor and feeding costs are also considered. Rearing involves housing chicks indoors for 3 months and then outdoors until 12 months
1) The document provides a feasibility report for starting a business rearing 1000 layers (egg-laying chickens) in a shed.
2) It estimates the total start-up costs will be Rs. 1084250 which includes expenses for equipment, day old chicks, feed, medical supplies, labor, and electricity.
3) It estimates that with 300,000 eggs produced in a year at Rs. 9 per egg, the total revenue will be Rs. 2700000, providing a gross profit of Rs. 1615750.
This study compared the efficacy of three hemostatic agents in controlling bleeding during canine liver surgery: Surgical gauze, Surgicel Snow, and Surgicel Fibrillar. Hemostasis time was shortest with Surgicel Snow at 31.5 seconds on average, followed by Surgicel Fibrillar at 44.5 seconds, and longest with Surgical gauze at 201 seconds. Liver function tests showed some significant differences between groups after surgery but returned to normal by 14 days. Ultrasound found no abnormalities in any group at 7 and 14 days post-op. Surgicel Snow was the most effective hemostatic agent with minimum blood loss and least impact on
This study evaluated the effects of replacing maize gluten with rice bran as a feed supplement on fish growth in a composite culture system. Two earthen ponds were stocked with three fish species and provided different feed ratios: Pond 1 received maize gluten and rice bran at a 5:0 ratio, while Pond 2 received a 1:4 ratio. Fish growth was measured in terms of weight gain, fork length, and total length. Results showed that all growth measures were significantly higher for fish in Pond 2 that received the 1:4 maize gluten to rice bran ratio, indicating it is a more effective supplemental feed for improved fish yields compared to maize gluten alone.
This document summarizes a study on the effects of salicylic acid on salt tolerance in wheat. It finds that salt stress decreases plant growth by reducing chlorophyll content and potassium concentration. Salicylic acid improves plant growth under saline and non-saline conditions. It enhances parameters like biomass, root length, sodium and potassium concentrations, chlorophyll content, protein levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity. Saline conditions increase sodium uptake and decrease potassium uptake, while salicylic acid reverses this by moderating sodium accumulation. The study suggests that salicylic acid helps wheat plants tolerate salt stress by improving various physiological and biochemical processes.
Fortnight effect-of-replacing-maize-gluten-32-40ghulam abbas
This study examined the fortnight effect of replacing a maize gluten and rice bran feed supplement ratio of 5:0 with a ratio of 1:4 on the physiochemical characteristics of water in a composite fish culture system over a 6-month period. Water samples were collected every two weeks from two earthen ponds stocked with three fish species and fed the different supplement ratios. The results showed that fortnight and feed supplement significantly impacted several water parameters, including temperature, pH, carbonates, dissolved solids, and plankton biomass. Plankton biomass peaked at the fifth fortnight in the pond receiving the 1:4 supplement ratio. However, total hardness, calcium and magnesium were unaffected.
Comparative effect-of-azadirachta-indica-moringa-oleifera-and-cichorium-intyb...ghulam abbas
This study investigated the effects of supplementing broiler drinking water with leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Moringa oleifera, and Cichorium intybus on growth performance, immune response, and carcass characteristics. Broilers given water supplemented with A. indica extract exhibited better growth, immunity, and some carcass traits compared to other groups. Specifically, A. indica supplemented broilers had higher weight gain, feed intake, antibody levels against diseases, dressing percentage, and breast meat yield. Therefore, the study concluded that A. indica leaf extract is an effective and inexpensive herbal growth promoter for broilers that improves performance without harmful residual effects.
Effect of Herbal Medicine Supplementations (Arsilvon Super, Bedgen40 and Hepa-cure Herbal Medicines) on Growth Performance, Immunity and Haematological Profile in Broilers
This document summarizes a study that evaluated various fungicidal chemicals for controlling Fusarium wilt of cucumber. First, chemicals were tested in the lab against the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, where Redomil and Score showed the greatest inhibition of fungal mycelial growth. These two chemicals were then applied to cucumber plants in the field. Redomil and Score both significantly reduced disease incidence compared to the untreated control, with Redomil showing the lowest incidence of 47.5%. Overall, the study found that Redomil and Score have potential for effectively managing Fusarium wilt of cucumber under both laboratory and field conditions.
The document compares the efficacy of three commercial herbal products (Livol, Livotal, Hepatopromoter) on the performance and immune response of broiler chickens. Supplementation of the herbal products significantly improved weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and lowered mortality compared to the control group without supplementation. While the herbal products did not significantly affect organ weights, they did significantly improve antibody titers against Newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease viruses. Overall, supplementation with Hepatopromoter resulted in the highest broiler weight gain and profitability.
This study analyzed genetic variation among seven sheep breeds in Punjab, Pakistan (Thalli, Lohi, Salt Range, Kajli, Sipli, Buchi, Hissardale) using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Blood samples were collected and genomic DNA extracted and amplified using 21 random primers. 16 primers produced scorable bands, revealing 30.19% polymorphism among breeds. Genetic similarity ranged from 74.42-94.29% with the highest between Thalli and Lohi. Nei's genetic distance was low at 0.0588-0.2954 with the highest between Lohi and Hissardale. Cluster analysis
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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