4. A) All analog traces. This
view shows peak values.
RMS values may also be
displayed.
B) Controls for going to the
beginning or end of a
record, as well as nudging
forward or backward in
time in a record.
C) Zoom controls
D) Display controls for analog
traces, RMS traces,
fundamental waveform
display, frequency trace,
power trace, power factor
trace, phasor diagram,
impedance diagram and
power diagram.
E) Marker #1
F) Marker #2
G) Time at Marker #1
H) Time at Marker #2
I) Control status input and
contact output traces
(discrete I/O)
J) Scaling for each analog
trace. This can be set
automatically or manually
adjusted.
K) Date and timestamp for
record
L) Time of trip command
M) Time at Marker #1
N) Time at Marker #2
Oscillography Analysis
6. O) Drop down window for view selection, diagram selection and
zoom.
P) Delta value between Marker #1 and Marker #2
Q) Value at Marker #1
R) Value at Marker #2
S) Scaling for each analog trace. This can be set automatically
or manually adjusted.
Oscillography Analysis
10. Oscillography Analysis
Target List
IPScom: Version V02.01.03
Relay: M3311/V01.05.00
Comments:
No. Date Time Event(s)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
02-Jul-2005 09:37:08.000 1 (87T) Phase Differential Current - Phase B Operated
INPUTS: OUTPUTS: 1
W1 Currents: 1.36 A (A), 1.39 A (B), 1.44 A (C)
W2 Currents: 0.03 A (A), 0.05 A (B), 0.04 A (C), 0.00 A (N)
W3 Currents: 0.82 A (A), 0.81 A (B), 0.83 A (C), 0.01 A (N)
14. Oscillography Analysis
M-
3311
Winding 3
Winding 2
Winding 1
Delta-ac
60:1
600:1
600:1
M3311 One Line
Winding 1 Phase A Current = 1.36A
Per Unit Current = 1.36A / Winding 1 Tap
Per Unit Current = 1.36A / 4.7 = 0.29pu
Winding 3 Phase A Current = 0.82A
Per Unit Current = 0.82A / Winding 3 Tap
Per Unit Current = 0.82A / 2.81 = 0.29pu
67.2MVA
230kV / 13.8kV
Wye / Delta-ac
Winding 1 Tap Winding 3 TapWinding 2 Tap
CTR = 600:1 CTR = 600:1 CTR = 60:1
Tap1 = Tap3 =Tap2 =
x 600
Tap1 =
13.8 x 3
67.3 x 1000
x 60
Tap3 =
230 x 3
67.3 x 1000
x 600
Tap2 =
13.8 x 3
67.3 x 1000
4.69 4.69 2.81
Calculate Winding Tap Settings
Target List
IPScom: Version V02.01.03
Relay: M3311/V01.05.00
Comments:
No. Date Time Event(s)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
02-Jul-2005 09:37:08.000 1 (87T) Phase Differential Current - Phase B Operated
INPUTS: OUTPUTS: 1
W1 Currents: 1.36 A (A), 1.39 A (B), 1.44 A (C)
W2 Currents: 0.03 A (A), 0.05 A (B), 0.04 A (C), 0.00 A (N)
W3 Currents: 0.82 A (A), 0.81 A (B), 0.83 A (C), 0.01 A (N)
Tap1 = 4.70
Tap2 = 4.70
Tap3 = 2.81
15. Oscillography Analysis
87 Trip Phasor Diagram
Winding 1
phase A current
Winding 3
phase A current
Winding 3 relay input current
Lags Winding 1 relay input
current by 210 degrees
16. Oscillography Analysis
67.2MVA
230kV / 13.8kV
M-3311
Winding 3
Winding 2
Winding 1
Delta-ac
60:1
600:1
600:1
M3311 One Line
All CT's are wye
Wye / Delta-ac Transformer
High side currents lead low side
currents by 30 degrees
Resulting relay currents taking CT
polaritiy into account,
Winding 3 currents lag Winding 1
currents by 150 degrees
IH
IL
IH
IL
IW3
IW1
M3311 Relay Application
IW3
IW1
150 degrees
17. Oscillography Analysis
IW3
IW1
150 degrees
Vector angle should
be 150 degrees
Vector angle is
210 degrees
Assume transformer is
actually a Delta -ab High
"LAGS" low by 30 degrees
IH
IL
30 degrees
IW3
IW1
210 degrees
Relay Currents
18. Oscillography Analysis
H1 X1
H2 X2
H3 X3
C
B
A a
b
c
IB
IA
Ic -Ia
Ib -Ic
Ia -Ib
Ia
Ib
Ic
W3A = 0.82A
W1A = 1.37A
W3C = 0.82A
Winding 1Winding 3
IA
IBIC Ic -Ia
Ib -Ic
Ia -Ib
W3C = 0.82A -60
W3A = 0.82A 180 W1A =1.37A 30
Actual Transformer 3-Line
30. Oscillography Analysis
- 5
- 10
- 15
- 20
- 25
- 30
5 10 15
5
- 5
X
R
>
>
14.2
- j11.7
M-3430 Relay Loss of Field Operation40 Function Settings
Offset = -1.6 ohm
Zone 1 = 18 ohm, 5 cycle
Zone 2 = 30.2 ohm, 30 cycle
Impedance= 14.2 -j11.7
31. Oscillography Analysis
Was it a Correct Trip?
Zone 2 Time Delay was set at 30 cycles.
Why did it take 90 Cycles to Trip?
Why did only 1 Relay Trip?
33. Oscillography Analysis
150/200/250MVA
352kV / 15kV
M-3310
Winding 1
Winding 2
Delta-ac
600:1
2400:1
All CT's are wye
IH
IL
IH
IL
IW1
IW2
M3310 Relay Application
IW1
IW2
150 degrees
Phase C-g Fault
Line Relay 67G also tripped
40. Oscillography Analysis
0.5
0.5
2.5
2.0
1.0
1.5
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
87 Slope Characteristic
ID
IR
BP = 1.0
Pickup = 0.27 pu
M1 = 27%
M2 = 60%
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
IA Diff = W1(I a - I c) + W2I a
IC Diff = W1(I c - I b) + W2I c
IB Diff = W1(I b - I a) + W2I b
45. Oscillography Analysis
0.5
0.5
2.5
2.0
1.0
1.5
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
87 Slope Characteristic
ID
IR
BP = 1.0
Pickup = 0.27 pu
M1 = 27%
M2 = 60%
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
IA Diff = W1(I a - I c) + W2I a
IC Diff = W1(I c - I b) + W2I c
IB Diff = W1(I b - I a) + W2I b
With Calculated W1A
Phase A
Phase B
