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Seismic Compliance of Electrical Distribution

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michaeljmack

March 2008

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Seismic Compliance of Electrical Distribution & Control 2006 IBC & ASCE/SEI 7-05 Philip J. Caldwell North American Engineering Square D/Schneider Electric North American Operating Division Building a New Electric World
2 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2007 CBC Seismic Shift
3 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 ASCE 7-05 by Reference in 2006 IBC 2007 CBC – New Basis of Seismic Design
4 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Drivers of Shift Role of Site Effects
5 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects 1985 - Mexico City • Site Effects – Double Resonance • No damage for large parts of city • Damage to buildings 5 stories or more than 30 was slight • Buildings in 5 to 20 story range were extensively damaged - “double resonance” Collapsed Hospital Photo by: Mehmet Celebi, USGS Menlo Park
6 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects 1985 - Mexico City • Site Effects – Double Resonance • No damage for large parts of city • Damage to buildings 5 stories or more than 30 was slight • Buildings in 5 to 20 story range were extensively damaged - “double resonance” Collapsed Hospital Photo by: Mehmet Celebi, USGS Menlo Park
7 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects 1985 - Mexico City • Site Effects – Double Resonance • No damage for large parts of city • Damage to buildings 5 stories or more than 30 was slight • Buildings in 5 to 20 story range were extensively damaged - “double resonance” Collapsed Hospital Photo by: Mehmet Celebi, USGS Menlo Park
8 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Mexico City Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
9 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Mexico City Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
10 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Mexico City Note 2 Sec Resonant Period Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
11 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Mexico City Telecommunications Building Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey Photo by: Mehmet Celebi, USGS Menlo Park
12 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Loma Prieta Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
13 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift - 1994 NEHRP New Site Classes Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
14 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift - Site Effects Lessons Learned Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
15 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift - Short Period Sec Site Effect Soil nonlinearly reduces Fa coefficient at intense levels of shaking Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
16 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Soil Amplification Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
17 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 1994 NEHRP – New Site Specific Basis for Codes Design Basis Demand of Response Spectra Easily Adjusted for Site Class Fa , Fv Two Factor Approach • Fa - Short Period (0.2 sec) Coefficient Adjustment • Fv - Long Period (1.0 sec) Coefficient Adjustment Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
18 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Test protocol compatible with building code basis Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Sa = SD1 / T T0 Ts 1.0 SD1 SDS Period T Simple response spectrum, For use in seismic codes. SOURCE: NEHRP, 1997
19 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Time history that envelopes a wide range of earthquakes Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Random Motion 30 Seconds Three Axis Strong Motion Time History’s - Northridge Shaker Table Test Motion Trinet Wyle Labs
20 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC ASCE 7-05 Seismic Overview
21 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Occupancy Category – Post Event Limit State Expectation Category IVCategory I Limit State – Collapse Prevention Limit State – Containment Photos by: Philip J Caldwell
22 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Occupancy Category – Post Event Limit State Expectation Category IVCategory III Limit State – Life Safe Limit State – Operational Photos by: Philip J Caldwell
23 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Occupancy Category – Post Event Limit State Expectation • Contents can change occupancy category Category IVCategory II Limit State – Collapse Prevention Limit State – Operational Photos by: Philip J Caldwell
24 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Code Plus ? Photo by: Philip J Caldwell
25 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Site Specific Seismicity Increasing Seism icity Seism ic Design Category A B C D E F FEMA 450-1
26 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Site Specific Seismicity TABLE 11.6-2 SEISMIC DESIGN CATEGORY BASED ON 1-S PERIOD RESPONSE ACCELERATION PARAMETER Occupancy Category Value of SD1 I or II III IV SD1 ≤ 0.067 A A A 0.067 ≤ SD1 < 0.133 B B C 0.133 ≤ SD1 < 0.20 C C D 0.20 ≤ SD1 D D D SD1 ≥ 0.75 E E F IncreasingSeismicity Seismicity x Occupancy Category = Seismic Design Category Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance FEMA 450-1
27 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC ASCE 7-05 Equipment Qualification Options
28 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 ASCE 7-05 Chapter 13 for Electrical & Mechanical 2007 CBC – New Basis of Seismic Design ASCE/SEI 7-05
29 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC / ASCE 7-05 Compliance Requirements Equipment Seismic Qualification ASCE/SEI 7-05Illustration by Square D
30 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC / ASCE 7-05 Compliance Requirements Equipment Seismic Qualification Illustration by: Square D Company ASCE/SEI 7-05
31 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC / ASCE 7-05 Compliance Requirements Equipment Seismic Qualification Photo by: Philip Caldwell ASCE/SEI 7-05
32 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC / ASCE 7-05 Compliance Requirements Equipment Seismic Qualification Photo by: EQE / ABS Consulting ASCE/SEI 7-05
33 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Analysis Code Allowed Equipment Qualification Methods
34 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Analysis Code Allowed Equipment Qualification Methods
35 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Analysis Code Allowed Equipment Qualification Methods Illustration by Schneider Electric
36 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Analysis validated through testing Code Allowed Equipment Qualification Methods Post Shake Table Test (Multiple) Photo by: Philip CaldwellIllustration by Schneider Electric
37 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Qualification by Shake Table Test
38 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 < 2000 – No standard, ad-hoc testing protocol by labs Solution Building Code Qualification Testing p p p DSp p W h z I R Sa F ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = 21 40. Code basis is static lateral push over force Transform Code Intent Missing Shake table test dynamic demand UUT’s Vertical Base Input Front-to-Back Base Input Side-to-Side Base Input Shake Table UUT Response Accelerometers Shake Table Control Accelerometer Illustration by Schneider Electric
39 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Protocol by national body of subject matter experts • Academia • Practice • Industry • Test facilities Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing
40 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 ( )( ) ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = h z I R aS A p p pDS 21 40. ( ) ( ) ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = r x p p pa h h I R aC A 31 Transform lateral force into dynamic test parameters: p p p DSp p W h z I R Sa F ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = 21 40. p r x p pap p W h h R ICa F ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += 31 NEHRP Equation UBC/CBC Equation Building Height Factor Seismic Factor Response Modification Factor Component Amplification Factor RRS Formulation – Lateral Force Construct IBC Lateral Force 1997 UBC Lateral Force
41 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Protocol accounts for above grade installation • Independent of building/structure type RRS Formulation – Building Height USGS - Northridge Report 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Instrumented Building LA County Olive View-UCLA Medical Center Sylmar, California
42 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Transform lateral force into dynamic test parameters: p p p DSp p W h z I R Sa F ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = 21 40. p r x p pap p W h h R ICa F ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += 31 NEHRP Equation UBC/CBC Equation ( )( ) ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = h z I R aS A p p pDS 21 40. ( ) ( ) ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = r x p p pa h h I R aC A 31 1 1 1 or 2.5 1 or 2.5 ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += h z SA DSFLX 21 ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += h z SA DSRIG 2140. ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += r x aFLX h h CA 3152. ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += r x aRIG h h CA 31 DSFLXMAX SA 61.= aFLXMAX CA 4= aRIGMAX CA 3= RRS Formulation NEHRP Equation UBC/CBC Equation IBC Lateral Force 1997 UBC Lateral Force
43 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Classical “broad banded”spectral envelope Strong Portion ZPA Portion Table Limited ARIG AFLX RRS Formulation
44 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Classical “broad banded”spectral envelope ARIG AFLX fFLX f0 fRIG RRS Formulation
45 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Frequency variables related to NEHRP general design earthquake response spectrum curve 10 0 5 20 11 D DS S S S TT f === . Ratio of SD1 / SDS on Site Class D ≈ 0.6 Hz. . 38 60 5 0 ==f RRS Formulation FEMA 450-1
46 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Frequency variables related to NEHRP general design earthquake response spectrum curve ( )( ) Hz. .. 31 250160 1 = + =FLXf Ratio of SD1 / SDS on Site Class D ≈ 0.6 ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + = ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + = h z S S h z T f D DS S FLX 25012501 1 1 .. RRS Formulation FEMA 450-1
47 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Hz.. 3337162 =×=RIGf Frequency variables related to NEHRP general design earthquake response spectrum curve Rigid components defined as: fn > 16.7 Hz Wanted fRIG an octave > 16.7 Hz RRS Formulation FEMA 450-1
48 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Code Intent Specified as Dynamic Test AFLX ARIG fFLX f0 fRIG AC156 RRS ICC ES AC156
49 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Building code based needs • Consistent and conservative dynamic test Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Conservative time history random broadband Response spectra envelopes site based on NEHRP 30 seconds Wyle Labs ICC ES AC156
50 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Account for post event pass/fail criteria • Ip = 1.0 Structure and anchorage intact Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Anchorage Intact Acceptable Ductile Behavior of Base Channel Base Channel to Structure Connection Intact Structure Frame Intact Photo by: Philip Caldwell
51 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Account for post event pass/fail criteria • Ip = 1.5 Post test functionality verified Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Photo by: Philip Caldwell
52 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 ICC ES AC156 now referenced in ASCE/SEI 7-05 Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing ASCE/SEI 7-05
53 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Widely used by industry and academia Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Photo by: Philip Caldwell
54 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Building code based test protocol needs • Based on site specific design parameters http://earthquake.usgs.gov
55 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Photo by: Philip Caldwell
56 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Google Earth N 36.58904 N 36.58904 New Madrid County Jail 636 Powell Avenue New Madrid, MO 63869
57 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example • N 36.58904 W 89.52864 ????? http://earthquake.usgs.gov 260˚ 260˚ 270˚ 270˚ 280˚ 280˚ 290˚ 290˚ 30˚ 30˚ 40˚ 40˚ 50˚ 50˚ 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 40 40 40 40 40 40 120 160 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 60 80 100 120 160 240 320 400 600 0.2 sec Spectral Acceleration (%g) with 2% Probability of Exceedance in 50 Years (site: NEHRP B-C boundary) U. S. Geological Survey June 1996
58 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example • URL for USGS site specific design data quake.usgs.gov/research/hazmahttp://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
59 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/ Site Location Lat / Lon
60 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/ Ss
61 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/ MS a sS F S= ×
62 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/ 2 3 DS MS a S S= ×
63 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Schneider Electric Certificate Example
64 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Schneider Electric Certificate Example DSS
65 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Schneider Electric Example DSS
66 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Port Cape Girardeau Example Photo by: Philip Caldwell
67 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Port Cape Girardeau Example • 19 North Water Street • 2003 IBC – Grade Level Schneider Electric Certificate Example DSS
68 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Saint Louis Example – Old Courthouse Photo by: Philip Caldwell
69 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Saint Louis Example – Old Courthouse • 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D Schneider Electric Certificate Example DSS
70 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D SDS = 2.26 g’s Street Atlas USA USGS 1996 NEHRP 0.2 sec Map
71 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D SDS = 1.24 g’s Street Atlas USA USGS 1996 NEHRP 0.2 sec Map
72 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D SDS = 0.52 g’s Street Atlas USA USGS 1996 NEHRP 0.2 sec Map
73 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D SDS = 2.26 g’s SDS = 1.24 g’s SDS = 0.52 g’s Street Atlas USA USGS 1996 NEHRP 0.2 sec Map
74 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Standard Used for Qualification Reference Building Code for Qualification Product Family Qualification Covers Schneider Electric Certificate Example
75 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Geographic Qualification or Site Specific Bldg Height Limitations Site Demand / Tested Capacity Post Test Operational Verified Schneider Electric Certificate Example
76 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment DSS Schneider Electric Certificate Example
77 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Google Earth
78 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment N 37.695627 W 121.936232 11950 Dublin Canyon Rd Pleasanton, CA 94588 Google Earth
79 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Site Location Lat / Lon http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
80 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Ss http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
81 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment MS a sS F S= × http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
82 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment 2 3 DS MS a S S= × http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
83 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Certificate # 19191 Class 8839 Enclosed Drives The Schneider Electric equipment referenced in this certificate has been qualified to the site- specific seismic requirements of the listed model building code and/or standard. This certification is based on tri-axial shake table test results conducted in accordance with the AC156 test protocol3 (Acceptance Criteria for Seismic Qualification Testing of Nonstructural Components): International Building Code (IBC), 2006 ICC Edition Product Platform: Class 8839 Enclosed Drives Product Description: S-Flex wall mount 1-20 hp Site-Specific Location1 : 11950 Dublin Canyon Road 88549AC,notnasaelP )02639.121-,36596.73(-gnoL/taLSU Code Requirement2 : FP / WP = 2.11 G's, (SDS = 1.32) Equipment Capacity3 : FP / WP = 4.51 G's, (SDS = 2.82) Importance Factor4 : IP = 1.5 Installation Restrictions5 : None - Ground level or roof level installations permitted Plot of Tested Equipment Capacity Vs. Code Acceleration Demand Schneider Electric Certificate Example
84 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment p p Site-Specific Location1 : 11950 Dublin Canyon Road 88549AC,notnasaelP )02639.121-,36596.73(-gnoL/taLSU Code Requirement2 : FP / WP = 2.11 G's, (SDS = 1.32) Equipment Capacity3 : FP / WP = 4.51 G's, (SDS = 2.82) Importance Factor4 : IP = 1.5 Installation Restrictions5 : None - Ground level or roof level installations permitted DSS Schneider Electric Certificate Example
85 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical EquipmentPlot of Tested Equipment Capacity Vs. Code Acceleration Demand DSS Schneider Electric Certificate Example
86 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Cost of building contents exceeds building cost SQUG – Lack of or improper anchorage cause of failure Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Photo by: EQE / ABS Consulting
87 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Cost of building contents exceeds building cost SQUG – Lack of or improper anchorage cause of failure Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Photo by: EQE / ABS Consulting
88 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Follow manufacturers anchorage instruction Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Illustration by Square D
89 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Seismic restraint design is a challenging structural issue Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Photo by: Mason Industries
90 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Cost of mitigation can pay back 4 to 1 Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Illustration from: FEMA 413
91 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 FEMA / ASCE / VISCMA Sponsored Installers Guides Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned FEMA 412 FEMA 413 FEMA 414
92 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Mitigation is ongoing for life of facility Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Photo by: Philip Caldwell
93 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Questions?
94 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Thank You !!

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Seismic Compliance of Electrical Distribution

  • 1. Seismic Compliance of Electrical Distribution & Control 2006 IBC & ASCE/SEI 7-05 Philip J. Caldwell North American Engineering Square D/Schneider Electric North American Operating Division Building a New Electric World
  • 2. 2 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2007 CBC Seismic Shift
  • 3. 3 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 ASCE 7-05 by Reference in 2006 IBC 2007 CBC – New Basis of Seismic Design
  • 4. 4 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Drivers of Shift Role of Site Effects
  • 5. 5 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects 1985 - Mexico City • Site Effects – Double Resonance • No damage for large parts of city • Damage to buildings 5 stories or more than 30 was slight • Buildings in 5 to 20 story range were extensively damaged - “double resonance” Collapsed Hospital Photo by: Mehmet Celebi, USGS Menlo Park
  • 6. 6 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects 1985 - Mexico City • Site Effects – Double Resonance • No damage for large parts of city • Damage to buildings 5 stories or more than 30 was slight • Buildings in 5 to 20 story range were extensively damaged - “double resonance” Collapsed Hospital Photo by: Mehmet Celebi, USGS Menlo Park
  • 7. 7 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects 1985 - Mexico City • Site Effects – Double Resonance • No damage for large parts of city • Damage to buildings 5 stories or more than 30 was slight • Buildings in 5 to 20 story range were extensively damaged - “double resonance” Collapsed Hospital Photo by: Mehmet Celebi, USGS Menlo Park
  • 8. 8 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Mexico City Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
  • 9. 9 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Mexico City Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
  • 10. 10 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Mexico City Note 2 Sec Resonant Period Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
  • 11. 11 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Mexico City Telecommunications Building Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey Photo by: Mehmet Celebi, USGS Menlo Park
  • 12. 12 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Site Effects Loma Prieta Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
  • 13. 13 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift - 1994 NEHRP New Site Classes Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
  • 14. 14 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift - Site Effects Lessons Learned Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
  • 15. 15 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift - Short Period Sec Site Effect Soil nonlinearly reduces Fa coefficient at intense levels of shaking Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
  • 16. 16 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Paradigm Shift Causes - Soil Amplification Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
  • 17. 17 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 1994 NEHRP – New Site Specific Basis for Codes Design Basis Demand of Response Spectra Easily Adjusted for Site Class Fa , Fv Two Factor Approach • Fa - Short Period (0.2 sec) Coefficient Adjustment • Fv - Long Period (1.0 sec) Coefficient Adjustment Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
  • 18. 18 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Test protocol compatible with building code basis Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Sa = SD1 / T T0 Ts 1.0 SD1 SDS Period T Simple response spectrum, For use in seismic codes. SOURCE: NEHRP, 1997
  • 19. 19 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Time history that envelopes a wide range of earthquakes Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Random Motion 30 Seconds Three Axis Strong Motion Time History’s - Northridge Shaker Table Test Motion Trinet Wyle Labs
  • 20. 20 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC ASCE 7-05 Seismic Overview
  • 21. 21 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Occupancy Category – Post Event Limit State Expectation Category IVCategory I Limit State – Collapse Prevention Limit State – Containment Photos by: Philip J Caldwell
  • 22. 22 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Occupancy Category – Post Event Limit State Expectation Category IVCategory III Limit State – Life Safe Limit State – Operational Photos by: Philip J Caldwell
  • 23. 23 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Occupancy Category – Post Event Limit State Expectation • Contents can change occupancy category Category IVCategory II Limit State – Collapse Prevention Limit State – Operational Photos by: Philip J Caldwell
  • 24. 24 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Code Plus ? Photo by: Philip J Caldwell
  • 25. 25 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Site Specific Seismicity Increasing Seism icity Seism ic Design Category A B C D E F FEMA 450-1
  • 26. 26 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Site Specific Seismicity TABLE 11.6-2 SEISMIC DESIGN CATEGORY BASED ON 1-S PERIOD RESPONSE ACCELERATION PARAMETER Occupancy Category Value of SD1 I or II III IV SD1 ≤ 0.067 A A A 0.067 ≤ SD1 < 0.133 B B C 0.133 ≤ SD1 < 0.20 C C D 0.20 ≤ SD1 D D D SD1 ≥ 0.75 E E F IncreasingSeismicity Seismicity x Occupancy Category = Seismic Design Category Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance FEMA 450-1
  • 27. 27 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC ASCE 7-05 Equipment Qualification Options
  • 28. 28 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 ASCE 7-05 Chapter 13 for Electrical & Mechanical 2007 CBC – New Basis of Seismic Design ASCE/SEI 7-05
  • 29. 29 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC / ASCE 7-05 Compliance Requirements Equipment Seismic Qualification ASCE/SEI 7-05Illustration by Square D
  • 30. 30 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC / ASCE 7-05 Compliance Requirements Equipment Seismic Qualification Illustration by: Square D Company ASCE/SEI 7-05
  • 31. 31 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC / ASCE 7-05 Compliance Requirements Equipment Seismic Qualification Photo by: Philip Caldwell ASCE/SEI 7-05
  • 32. 32 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 2006 IBC / ASCE 7-05 Compliance Requirements Equipment Seismic Qualification Photo by: EQE / ABS Consulting ASCE/SEI 7-05
  • 33. 33 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Analysis Code Allowed Equipment Qualification Methods
  • 34. 34 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Analysis Code Allowed Equipment Qualification Methods
  • 35. 35 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Analysis Code Allowed Equipment Qualification Methods Illustration by Schneider Electric
  • 36. 36 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Analysis validated through testing Code Allowed Equipment Qualification Methods Post Shake Table Test (Multiple) Photo by: Philip CaldwellIllustration by Schneider Electric
  • 37. 37 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Qualification by Shake Table Test
  • 38. 38 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 < 2000 – No standard, ad-hoc testing protocol by labs Solution Building Code Qualification Testing p p p DSp p W h z I R Sa F ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = 21 40. Code basis is static lateral push over force Transform Code Intent Missing Shake table test dynamic demand UUT’s Vertical Base Input Front-to-Back Base Input Side-to-Side Base Input Shake Table UUT Response Accelerometers Shake Table Control Accelerometer Illustration by Schneider Electric
  • 39. 39 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Protocol by national body of subject matter experts • Academia • Practice • Industry • Test facilities Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing
  • 40. 40 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 ( )( ) ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = h z I R aS A p p pDS 21 40. ( ) ( ) ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = r x p p pa h h I R aC A 31 Transform lateral force into dynamic test parameters: p p p DSp p W h z I R Sa F ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = 21 40. p r x p pap p W h h R ICa F ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += 31 NEHRP Equation UBC/CBC Equation Building Height Factor Seismic Factor Response Modification Factor Component Amplification Factor RRS Formulation – Lateral Force Construct IBC Lateral Force 1997 UBC Lateral Force
  • 41. 41 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Protocol accounts for above grade installation • Independent of building/structure type RRS Formulation – Building Height USGS - Northridge Report 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Instrumented Building LA County Olive View-UCLA Medical Center Sylmar, California
  • 42. 42 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Transform lateral force into dynamic test parameters: p p p DSp p W h z I R Sa F ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = 21 40. p r x p pap p W h h R ICa F ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += 31 NEHRP Equation UBC/CBC Equation ( )( ) ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = h z I R aS A p p pDS 21 40. ( ) ( ) ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = r x p p pa h h I R aC A 31 1 1 1 or 2.5 1 or 2.5 ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += h z SA DSFLX 21 ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += h z SA DSRIG 2140. ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += r x aFLX h h CA 3152. ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ += r x aRIG h h CA 31 DSFLXMAX SA 61.= aFLXMAX CA 4= aRIGMAX CA 3= RRS Formulation NEHRP Equation UBC/CBC Equation IBC Lateral Force 1997 UBC Lateral Force
  • 43. 43 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Classical “broad banded”spectral envelope Strong Portion ZPA Portion Table Limited ARIG AFLX RRS Formulation
  • 44. 44 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Classical “broad banded”spectral envelope ARIG AFLX fFLX f0 fRIG RRS Formulation
  • 45. 45 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Frequency variables related to NEHRP general design earthquake response spectrum curve 10 0 5 20 11 D DS S S S TT f === . Ratio of SD1 / SDS on Site Class D ≈ 0.6 Hz. . 38 60 5 0 ==f RRS Formulation FEMA 450-1
  • 46. 46 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Frequency variables related to NEHRP general design earthquake response spectrum curve ( )( ) Hz. .. 31 250160 1 = + =FLXf Ratio of SD1 / SDS on Site Class D ≈ 0.6 ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + = ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ + = h z S S h z T f D DS S FLX 25012501 1 1 .. RRS Formulation FEMA 450-1
  • 47. 47 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Hz.. 3337162 =×=RIGf Frequency variables related to NEHRP general design earthquake response spectrum curve Rigid components defined as: fn > 16.7 Hz Wanted fRIG an octave > 16.7 Hz RRS Formulation FEMA 450-1
  • 48. 48 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Code Intent Specified as Dynamic Test AFLX ARIG fFLX f0 fRIG AC156 RRS ICC ES AC156
  • 49. 49 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Building code based needs • Consistent and conservative dynamic test Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Conservative time history random broadband Response spectra envelopes site based on NEHRP 30 seconds Wyle Labs ICC ES AC156
  • 50. 50 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Account for post event pass/fail criteria • Ip = 1.0 Structure and anchorage intact Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Anchorage Intact Acceptable Ductile Behavior of Base Channel Base Channel to Structure Connection Intact Structure Frame Intact Photo by: Philip Caldwell
  • 51. 51 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Account for post event pass/fail criteria • Ip = 1.5 Post test functionality verified Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Photo by: Philip Caldwell
  • 52. 52 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 ICC ES AC156 now referenced in ASCE/SEI 7-05 Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing ASCE/SEI 7-05
  • 53. 53 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Widely used by industry and academia Solution for Building Code Qualification Testing Photo by: Philip Caldwell
  • 54. 54 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Building code based test protocol needs • Based on site specific design parameters http://earthquake.usgs.gov
  • 55. 55 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Photo by: Philip Caldwell
  • 56. 56 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Google Earth N 36.58904 N 36.58904 New Madrid County Jail 636 Powell Avenue New Madrid, MO 63869
  • 57. 57 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example • N 36.58904 W 89.52864 ????? http://earthquake.usgs.gov 260˚ 260˚ 270˚ 270˚ 280˚ 280˚ 290˚ 290˚ 30˚ 30˚ 40˚ 40˚ 50˚ 50˚ 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 40 40 40 40 40 40 120 160 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 60 80 100 120 160 240 320 400 600 0.2 sec Spectral Acceleration (%g) with 2% Probability of Exceedance in 50 Years (site: NEHRP B-C boundary) U. S. Geological Survey June 1996
  • 58. 58 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example • URL for USGS site specific design data quake.usgs.gov/research/hazmahttp://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
  • 59. 59 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/ Site Location Lat / Lon
  • 60. 60 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/ Ss
  • 61. 61 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/ MS a sS F S= ×
  • 62. 62 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/ 2 3 DS MS a S S= ×
  • 63. 63 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Schneider Electric Certificate Example
  • 64. 64 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Schneider Electric Certificate Example DSS
  • 65. 65 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance New Madrid Seismic Zone Example Schneider Electric Example DSS
  • 66. 66 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Port Cape Girardeau Example Photo by: Philip Caldwell
  • 67. 67 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Port Cape Girardeau Example • 19 North Water Street • 2003 IBC – Grade Level Schneider Electric Certificate Example DSS
  • 68. 68 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Saint Louis Example – Old Courthouse Photo by: Philip Caldwell
  • 69. 69 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance Saint Louis Example – Old Courthouse • 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D Schneider Electric Certificate Example DSS
  • 70. 70 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D SDS = 2.26 g’s Street Atlas USA USGS 1996 NEHRP 0.2 sec Map
  • 71. 71 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D SDS = 1.24 g’s Street Atlas USA USGS 1996 NEHRP 0.2 sec Map
  • 72. 72 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D SDS = 0.52 g’s Street Atlas USA USGS 1996 NEHRP 0.2 sec Map
  • 73. 73 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Examples of Site Specific Compliance 2003 IBC Grade Level Site Class D SDS = 2.26 g’s SDS = 1.24 g’s SDS = 0.52 g’s Street Atlas USA USGS 1996 NEHRP 0.2 sec Map
  • 74. 74 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Standard Used for Qualification Reference Building Code for Qualification Product Family Qualification Covers Schneider Electric Certificate Example
  • 75. 75 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Geographic Qualification or Site Specific Bldg Height Limitations Site Demand / Tested Capacity Post Test Operational Verified Schneider Electric Certificate Example
  • 76. 76 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment DSS Schneider Electric Certificate Example
  • 77. 77 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Google Earth
  • 78. 78 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment N 37.695627 W 121.936232 11950 Dublin Canyon Rd Pleasanton, CA 94588 Google Earth
  • 79. 79 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Site Location Lat / Lon http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
  • 80. 80 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Ss http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
  • 81. 81 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment MS a sS F S= × http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
  • 82. 82 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment 2 3 DS MS a S S= × http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/hazmaps/design/
  • 83. 83 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment Certificate # 19191 Class 8839 Enclosed Drives The Schneider Electric equipment referenced in this certificate has been qualified to the site- specific seismic requirements of the listed model building code and/or standard. This certification is based on tri-axial shake table test results conducted in accordance with the AC156 test protocol3 (Acceptance Criteria for Seismic Qualification Testing of Nonstructural Components): International Building Code (IBC), 2006 ICC Edition Product Platform: Class 8839 Enclosed Drives Product Description: S-Flex wall mount 1-20 hp Site-Specific Location1 : 11950 Dublin Canyon Road 88549AC,notnasaelP )02639.121-,36596.73(-gnoL/taLSU Code Requirement2 : FP / WP = 2.11 G's, (SDS = 1.32) Equipment Capacity3 : FP / WP = 4.51 G's, (SDS = 2.82) Importance Factor4 : IP = 1.5 Installation Restrictions5 : None - Ground level or roof level installations permitted Plot of Tested Equipment Capacity Vs. Code Acceleration Demand Schneider Electric Certificate Example
  • 84. 84 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical Equipment p p Site-Specific Location1 : 11950 Dublin Canyon Road 88549AC,notnasaelP )02639.121-,36596.73(-gnoL/taLSU Code Requirement2 : FP / WP = 2.11 G's, (SDS = 1.32) Equipment Capacity3 : FP / WP = 4.51 G's, (SDS = 2.82) Importance Factor4 : IP = 1.5 Installation Restrictions5 : None - Ground level or roof level installations permitted DSS Schneider Electric Certificate Example
  • 85. 85 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Prescriptive Code Driven Seismic Performance Seismic Compliance Specification for Electrical EquipmentPlot of Tested Equipment Capacity Vs. Code Acceleration Demand DSS Schneider Electric Certificate Example
  • 86. 86 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Cost of building contents exceeds building cost SQUG – Lack of or improper anchorage cause of failure Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Photo by: EQE / ABS Consulting
  • 87. 87 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Cost of building contents exceeds building cost SQUG – Lack of or improper anchorage cause of failure Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Photo by: EQE / ABS Consulting
  • 88. 88 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Follow manufacturers anchorage instruction Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Illustration by Square D
  • 89. 89 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Seismic restraint design is a challenging structural issue Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Photo by: Mason Industries
  • 90. 90 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Cost of mitigation can pay back 4 to 1 Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Illustration from: FEMA 413
  • 91. 91 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 FEMA / ASCE / VISCMA Sponsored Installers Guides Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned FEMA 412 FEMA 413 FEMA 414
  • 92. 92 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Mitigation is ongoing for life of facility Drivers of Change - Earthquake Lessons Learned Photo by: Philip Caldwell
  • 93. 93 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Questions?
  • 94. 94 Philip Caldwell Seismic Requirements for Electrical Equipment Bay Area IEEE Seminar – March 5, 2008 Thank You !!