The document discusses organizational change and development, highlighting that change is any alteration from previous conditions, driven by internal and external factors. It outlines types of change (individual, group, organization), planned vs. unplanned change, and the process for implementing change, which includes identifying needs, planning, and overcoming resistance. Change agents, both internal and external, play a critical role in facilitating this change within organizations.

1. Organizational Change &
Development
PPT-1
By… Raghav Sir

2. Meaning…….
 When there is a difference in our previous condition, it is called a change.
For ex: earlier work was done in a factory manually, but the same is now
done with the help of electronic machine. This has brought a change in the
earlier condition of workers working in this factory.
 Any alteration which occurs in the overall work environment of an
organization.
 In other words, change means of alteration of status quo or making things
difference.

3. Nature……
 Disturbs the old equilibrium : (Alteration of status quo)
 It May affects the whole organization or parts in degrees
 A continuous process
 Change requires a change agent. (Change agent is the person who
implement the change in an organization.)
 Change is resisted by people.
 Change takes place due to two factors: (Internal & External Factors)

4. Factors / Causes of Change……
 External
 Technological changes
 Changes in marketing conditions
 Social changes
 Political & legal changes
 Internal
 Nature of the work force
 Change in managerial personnel
 Deficiency in existing organization

5. Types of change
 Individual level change
 Change in individual’s job assignment, transfer or maturity level over time.
 Group level change
 Change can occur at formal & informal groups both.
 Both resist change.
 Affects work flows , communication, social system
 Organization level change
 Affects both individual & groups
 Change decisions are made by top management
 Change decision is long term with proper planning
 Like, strategic change, structural change, process & people change.

6. Types of change
 Planned change(preparing the whole organization to adapt changes)
 Technology, task, structure, people
 Unplanned change: Unplanned change occurs due to sudden event in the
organization, e.g a poor product which leads to loss in customers will force
the organization to initiate the change.

7. Process of planned change
Identifyin
g need
for
change
Elemen
ts to be
chang
ed
Plannin
g for
chang
e
Determi
ning
change
forces
Implem
enting
Chang
e
Feedback

8. Resistance to change
 People resist change
 Disturbance in equilibrium
 Individual resistance
 Economic factors
 Psychological factors(ego, status quo, fear of unknown etc)
 Social factors
 Group resistance
 Group dynamics
 Vested interests
 Organizational resistance
 Past successes
 System stability
 Limited resources

9. Overcoming resistance to change
 Individual level
 Involvement
 Obtaining commitment
 Leadership
 Training & psychological counseling
 Group level
 Group contact
 Participation
 Group dynamics training for change

10. Change Agents
 Change agent is the persons who initiate change in the organizations.
 External change agents(Consultants)
 Internal change agents(organizational personnel)
 Role of change agents
 External
 Educate top management
 Organizational diagnosis
 Formulation & implementation of change strategy.
 Selection, training and supervision of internal change agents
 Training of managers
 Evaluation of change efforts
 Internal
 Chief executive
 Change advisor

11. Organizational Change &
Development

12. Meaning…….
 When there is a difference in our previous condition, it is called a change.
For ex: earlier work was done in a factory manually, but the same is now
done with the help of electronic machine. This has brought a change in the
earlier condition of workers working in this factory.
 Any alteration which occurs in the overall work environment of an
organization.
 In other words, change means of alteration of status quo or making things
difference.

13. Nature……
 Disturbs the old equilibrium : (Alteration of status quo)
 It May affects the whole organization or parts in degrees
 A continuous process
 Change requires a change agent. (Change agent is the person who
implement the change in an organization.)
 Change is resisted by people.
 Change takes place due to two factors: (Internal & External Factors)

14. Factors / Causes of Change……
 External
 Technological changes
 Changes in marketing conditions
 Social changes
 Political & legal changes
 Internal
 Nature of the work force
 Change in managerial personnel
 Deficiency in existing organization

15. Types of change
 Individual level change
 Change in individual’s job assignment, transfer or maturity level over time.
 Group level change
 Change can occur at formal & informal groups both.
 Both resist change.
 Affects work flows , communication, social system
 Organization level change
 Affects both individual & groups
 Change decisions are made by top management
 Change decision is long term with proper planning
 Like, strategic change, structural change, process & people change.

16. Types of change
 Planned change(preparing the whole organization to adapt changes)
 Technology, task, structure, people
 Unplanned change: Unplanned change occurs due to sudden event in the
organization, e.g a poor product which leads to loss in customers will force
the organization to initiate the change.

17. Process of planned change
Identifyin
g need
for
change
Elemen
ts to be
change
d
Plannin
g for
chang
e
Determi
ning
change
forces
Implem
enting
Chang
e
Feedback

18. Resistance to change
 People resist change
 Disturbance in equilibrium
 Individual resistance
 Economic factors
 Psychological factors(ego, status quo, fear of unknown etc)
 Social factors
 Group resistance
 Group dynamics
 Vested interests
 Organizational resistance
 Past successes
 System stability
 Limited resources

19. Overcoming resistance to change
 Individual level
 Involvement
 Obtaining commitment
 Leadership
 Training & psychological counseling
 Group level
 Group contact
 Participation
 Group dynamics training for change

20. Change Agents
 Change agent is the persons who initiate change in the organizations.
 External change agents(Consultants)
 Internal change agents(organizational personnel)
 Role of change agents
 External
 Educate top management
 Organizational diagnosis
 Formulation & implementation of change strategy.
 Selection, training and supervision of internal change agents
 Training of managers
 Evaluation of change efforts
 Internal
 Chief executive
 Change advisor