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Organic farming model
- 1. ORGANIC FARMING MODEL PREPARED BY: SOUMYA RANJANSWAIN ANURADHA MISHRA
- 2. ORGANIC FARMING Organicfarming is defined as the holistic production management system,which promotes and enhances agro-ecosystem health,including biodiversity,biological cycles and soil biological activity. Father of modern organic agriculture- Sir Albert Howard The term ‘organic farming’ was coined by Lord Northbourne
- 3. Principles of organicfarming
- 4. Tools of organicfarming Land & labour sources and its management Crop selection and types of cropping pattern Pest & disease management Harvesting & marketing Organic farming
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- 6. Orissa Agricultural Scenario Agriculture shares 19.91% of GSDP where as national scenario is 17.32% GDP growth of state is 7.94% where as national average 7.1% Orissa is one of those states that publish a special budget for agriculture. Allocation of 13181.89 cr for agriculture. 60% work force of state depends on agriculture. 35% of total geographical area is the net crop area.
- 7. Orissa soils anddemography The tropical climate of Odisha is characterized by high temperature, high humidity, medium to high rainfall and mild winters. The normal annual rainfall is 1,451.2 mm of which the South-West monsoon contributes about 80% On the basis of climate, soil, rainfall and topography, the State has been delineated into ten Agro Climatic Zones. The State’s Agriculture Sector suffers from recurring natural calamities like cyclones, droughts and flash floods which substantially affect the area, production and productivity of agriculture.
- 8. Major soil groupsof orissa Deltaic alluvial soil Laterite soil Red soil Black soil
- 9. Model organic farm(appx7acre)
- 10. Crops produced are: 1-wetland •Rice •Pulses Inthe paddy land we can grow paddy along with pulses like cow pea & black gram on the boundary. 2-dry land •Ground nut •Pearl millet •Finger millet We can grow these crops in the dry land zone as mentioned in the figure.
- 11. Crops grown: 3-garden land •Tomato •Brinjal •Capsicum •Chilly •Cucumber •Watermelon •Gourds •Radish •Corn •Beans •Okra •Corriander •Sunflower •Onion Ifthere is not adequate irrigation system we can go for mulching in case of vegetables that use residual moisture to good effect.
- 12. Land & Labourmanagement Land management: ->appx are in total=7 acre ->most area under dry land farming,rice and pulse cultivation(2.5acre) ->area under vegetables(1.5 acre) ->comoposting,cow shed,poultry,green manure and other miscellaneous(1acre) ->pond,fruits,banana,coconut(2acre)
- 13. Land & Labourmanagement Labour management: Generally more labour is required for cereal crops.if adequate labour is not available then we can reduce the area under cereals and use those area for cultivation of vegetables like potato,sweet potato,chilly,tomato,beans,radish,carrot in kharif season and in rabi season onion,cabbage,cauliflower,gourds etc. Along with banana we can also grow papaya and drum stick which provide additional income too in short time. when there is availability of labour we can go for cereals. considering the work force of orissa there shouldn’t be any problem of labour as 60% work force depends on agri culture . As per ASSOCHAM report entitled “organic odisha:inching towards organic” organic farming in odisha can create 80 lakh jobs in odisha.
- 14. Soil fertility management Green manuringand botanical cakes Composting,bio charcoal and organic growth promoter Mulching and crop rotation
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- 18. Crop rotation Selectionof crops: In paddy land we grow pulses on the bund so that due to natural N2 fixation , we reduce dependance on external fertiliser source. Pulses should be follwed by non legume crops like maize. Rice can be followed by green manure crops to restore fertility.
- 19. Contd…. In thevegetable land across the bund we can grow flower crops like marigold that can also act as trap crop for many pests. During zaid season we can grow jute in some parts of dry lad area as it requirs less water too and also less nutrient. Pearl millet and finger millet are preferred in dry land area as they are drought resistant crops.
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- 21. What is pestmanagement?
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- 30. Some ITKs commonlyused Ginger paste with cow urine for viral and bacterial disease. Ash for powdery mildew and downy mildew and white rust of mustard Ash with common salt for cuscuta Ash with castor oil for damping off of cotton Fallowing Flooding Earthing up Restrained irrigation to check aphids.
- 31. Biological control T.harzianum,T.virideand T.hamatum are commonly used. Used against 1-club root of broccoli 2-pythium rot of seedling 3-fusarium wilt 4-bulb rot,damping off Used as seed treatment,mixed with compost and applied on field.
- 32. Elements of organicfarming
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- 35. Harvesting To prevent contaminationof vegetables on farm, organic product must be kept in a dedicated storage area separate from conventional product. Post harvest treatments and packaging materials must comply with organic standards. Where growers intend to value add or process vegetables, compliance with organic processing standards is required if the final product is to be labelled as certified “Organic”
- 36. Marketing Problems incurrent market: In the current time the price of vegetables and livestock products in Odisha is higher than national price. This is due to importing foods from neighborhoods and cultivating rice majorly in traditional inefficient manner. Our vegetable deficit is 520,000 tonne/year. The main problem is lack of cold storage facilities, fertile seeds and proper transportation to deficit market from rural production areas. Example- Odisha produces enough tomato in three month of winter in each year, when price of tomato is ₹1/kg. But without the proper storage facility, we have to import tomato from neighborhood states, when price is around ₹25/kg.
- 37. What can bethe possible solution?
- 38. Challenges • poor infrastructure • Highcost and difficulties for certification • Inavailability of continuous market for organic produce • Lack of proper knowledge Labour management Improper implication of govt projects Low consinstency & Lack of quality standard Practicability & Economic viability
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- 41. Recent initiatives byOrissa Govt. A State level task force on agriculture development and rejuvenation was constituted under the Chairmanship of Chief Secretary, Odisha by Agriculture Department as recommended by NITI Aayog Odisha is among the few states in India that presents a separate budget on agriculture since 2013-14, which is indicative of the priority given to agriculture and allied sector. Since 2013-14 Agriculture budget is reflecting an increasing trend. The State’s agriculture budget for 2013-14 was Rs. 7162.00 crore whereas the provision for 2015-16 and 2016-17 was Rs. 10903.62 crore and Rs.13181.89 crore respectively
- 42. Contd… The Statehas formed a separate “Agriculture Cabinet” for farmer centric development State Potato Mission has been formed for making the State self sufficient in production of Potato by the year 2017-18 State has formulated “Odisha Fisheries Policy, 2015 and intends to be a pioneer in Aquaculture Development. Bovine Breeding Policy and Poultry Policy are major achievements of the State in 2015-16
- 43. Govt schemes forpromoting organic farming
- 44. THANK YOU… SOIL ISLIFE… CONSERVE IT…