Organic farming system primarily aimed at cultivating the land and raising crops in such a way, so as to keep the soil alive and in good health by use of organic wastes (crop, animal, farm wastes & aquatic wastes) and other biological materials along with beneficial microbes (bio-fertilizers) to release nutrients to crops for increased sustainable production in an eco-friendly pollution free environment. This presentation is helpful for students, researchers working on organic production of fruit crops

1. ORGANIC FARMING: A HOLISTIC APPROACH
TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE FRUIT PRODUCTION
By: Prof. Parshant Bakshi, Head, CONF SKUAST-J
National Conference on Natural and Organic Farming for
Ecological, Economical and Nutritional Security, Palampur
7th to 9th June, 2023
LEAD LECTURE

2. Speaker Introduction
✉ parshantskuastj@gmail.com
📞 +91 - 9419101601
https://www.krishisandesh.com
• Prof. Parshant Bakshi, Head, Fruit Science and Head, Centre for
Organic and Natural Farming, SKUAST-J, J&K is having more than 20
years of experience in research, teaching & extension activities.
• Dr. Bakshi is having more than 120 publications in national and
international journals of repute.
• He has been adjudged for best poster and oral presentation at various
national and International platforms.
• He has guided 14 research students (08 M.Sc. and 06 Ph.D.) as
chairman and 60 as co-chairman and authored 12 books.
• He handled 03 externally funded project as P.I. and 14 as Co-P.I. He
is the life member of 12 societies of Horticulture and is the fellow of
Hi-Tech Horticultural Society.
• He has been nominated by Ministry of Agriculture and represented
India in FAO, workshop at Beijing, China 2018 and also attended
training in Volcani Centre, Israel in 2012
• He has RG score of 23.59; planted 12,000+ fruit plants under Save
Horticulture mission and awarded best video by MANAGE in 1st Agri
Film Fest in 2022

3. • Overview
• Introduction
• Need for Organic Farming
• Principles and Objectives of Organic Farming
• Components of Organic farming
• Futuristic strategies for Organic farming
• Conclusion
3
Content
Centre for Organic and Natural Farming, SKUAST-J

4. Do you also eat
these with that
mask on?

5. 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
Production
in
MT
Horticulture Vs Food grain Production
Food grain Horticulture
Major Crops Production (2017-18)
Fruits 97.0 MT
Vegetables 179.6 MT
Spices 8.3 MT
Flowers 2.5 MT
Plantation 17.8 MT
Toppers among Fruits (Production in MT)
Fruits 2016-17 2017-18 Increase %
Watermelon 2.1 2.4 13.6 %
Muskmelon 1.0 1.2 10.5 %
Citrus 11.4 12.5 9.6 %
Mango 19.5 21.2 9 %
Horticulture production surpassed food grain

6. It is a method of farming system which
primarily aimed at cultivating the land and
raising crops in such a way, so as to
- keep the soil alive and
- in good health by use of organic wastes
(crop, animal, farm wastes & aquatic
wastes) and other biological materials
along with beneficial microbes (bio-
fertilizers) to release nutrients to crops for
increased sustainable production in an
eco-friendly pollution free environment.
WHAT IS ORGANIC FARMING?

7. WHY ORGANIC
FARMING IS
NECESSARY ?
Sustainable & eco-friendly technology.
It improves quality, shelf and nutritive
value of the farm produce.
It encourages sustainable livelihood of the
producers as well as safeguards consumers
health.
It improves the physical, chemical and
biological health of the soil.
Promotes healthy use of the natural
resources and minimizes all forms of the
pollution.
It enhances and sustains biological
diversity within the system.

8. OBJECTIVES OF ORGANIC FARMING
 Produce food with higher nutritional
quality.
 Work with natural system.
 Maintains and increases soil fertility.
 Use renewable resources as far as possible.
 Avoid pollution.
 Wider social and ecological impact of
farming system.
 Allow satisfaction to agricultural producer.
 Financial viability of farming.
 Social justice and well-being of rural
communities.

9. PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC FARMING
PRINCIPLE OF
HEALTH
Organic farming
should sustain &
enhance the health
of soil, plant, animal
& human as one &
indivisible whole.
PRINCIPLE OF
ECOLOGY
Organic farming
should be based on
living ecological
systems & cycles,
work with them &
help to sustain them.
PRINCIPLE OF
FAIRNESS
Organic farming
should be built upon
relationships that
ensure fairness with
regard to the common
environment & life
opportunities.
PRINCIPLE OF
CARE
It should be managed
in a precautionary
manner to protect the
health & well-being
of current & future
generations & the
environment.

10. TYPES OF ORGANIC FARMING
Pure organic farming : It includes use of organic manures and
biopesticides with complete avoidance of inorganic chemicals
and pesticides.
Integrated farming: It involves Integrated Nutrient
Management (INM) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) to
achieve ecological requirements and demands.
Integrated farming systems : In this type, local resources are
effectively recycled by involving other components such as
poultry, fish pond, mushroom, goat rearing etc apart from crop
components. It is a low input organic farming.

11. BENEFITS OF ORGANIC FARMING
 It increases long – term fertility of the soil.
 In maintaining environment health by reducing the level of pollution.
 It reduces human and animal health hazards by reducing the level of
residues in the product.
 It helps in keeping agricultural production at a higher level and
makes it sustainable.
 It reduces the cost of agricultural production and also improves the
soil health.
 It ensures optimum utilization of natural resources for short-term
benefit and helps in conserving them for future generation.
 It not only saves energy for both animal and machine, but also reduces
risk of crop failure.

12. BASIC STEPS OF ORGANIC FARMING
 Conversion of land from conventional management to organic
management.
 Management of the entire surrounding system to ensure biodiversity
and sustainability of the system.
 Crop production with the use of alternative sources of nutrients
such as crop rotation, residue management, organic manures &
biological inputs.
 Management of weeds & pests by better management practices,
physical and cultural means as well as by biological control system.
 Maintenance of livestock with organic concept & make them an
integral part of the entire system.

13. PLANNING TO ESTABLISH ORGANIC ORCHARD
SITE
SELECTION
To grow organic fruit successfully, it is very
important to maximize the local environmental
factors in favour of particular fruit crops.
FRUIT CROP &
VARIETY
SELECTION
As fruit trees are perennial, it is important to start
by planting orchard with the optimum varieties for
a particular location and intended markets.
Getting quality plant stock is important.
Purchasing from reputable nurseries that provide
stock certified by state inspectors to be free of
diseases & insects-pests is best.
SOURCES OF
PLANTING
STOCK

14. SITE
PREPARATION
Important considerations in site preparation
includes alleviating soil compaction, enhancing
fertility, adjusting soil pH
WEED
MANAGEMENT
Weed management begins with ploughing under
the existing vegetation, ripping to loosen
compaction, planting a cover crop to suppress
weed growth, mowing down and tilling the cover
crops and finally planting the fruit crop.
SOIL
SOLARIZATION
Soil solarization is placing transparent plastic
films on moist soil to capture solar energy in
order to kill harmful fungi, bacteria, nematodes,
weeds and certain insects in the soil.

15. COMPONENTS OF ORGANIC FARMING
Vermicompost Green leaf manures Crop rotation Biological management
Animal husbandry Biofertilizers Manures

16. BIOFERTILIZERS
S.No. GROUP EXAMPLE
1. Free-living (N2 – Fixing biofertilizer) Azotobacter, Beijerinka, Clostridium,
Anabanea
2. Symbiotic (N2 – Fixing biofertilizer) Rhizobium, Azolla, Frankia
3. Associative symbiotic (N2 – Fixing biofertilizer) Azospirillum
4. Bacteria (P- solubilising biofertilizer) Bacillus spp. , Pseudomonas spp.
5. Fungi (P- solubilising biofertilizer) Penicillum spp. , Aspergillus awamori
6. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (P- mobilizing biofertilizer) Gloumus spp. , Gigaspora spp.
7. Ectomycorrhizae (P- mobilizing biofertilizer) Laccaria spp. , Amanita spp.
8. Ericoid mycorrhizae (P- mobilizing biofertilizer) Pezizella ericae
9. Orchid mycorrhizae (P- mobilizing biofertilizer) Rhizoctonia solani

17. Case-study
ORGANIC
FARMING
IN FRUIT
CROPS
17

18. MANGO
 Growing of legumes for green manuring or as
inter / cover crops as per requirement in young
orchards.
 Application of organic manures (30-40 kg/tree)
through NADEP, vermi/ biodynamic after fruit
harvest in trench 1.5 meter away from the trunk in
10 or more than 10 years old trees.
 Mulching after application of 100 g Cow Pat Pit
(CPP), spraying of cow horn manure (BD-500) /
3% of Panchgavya / 20% Jeevamrut /Amrutpani.
 Two foliar sprays of biodynamic liquid manures /
vermi-wash at the interval of 15 days after fruit
harvest for proper growth & development.

19. CITRUS
 Fertilization in citrus is a cultural practice with great
importance as it affects significantly the quality of fruit.
 Fruits from organic farming has more soluble solids and a
lower maturation index as compared to conventional.
 The highest concentrations of vitamin-C are found in
fruits obtained from organic farming, but the response
depends on species and cultivar.
 The applications has to be applied 2-4 weeks before the
expected nitrogen demand of the trees (2-4 weeks before
flowering) because mineralization of nitrogen from compost
is slow. If nitrogen demand is important (>50kg/ha),
nitrogen supply cannot be given with compost only.

20. GUAVA
• Guava is such a horticultural crop, where fruits
are usually consumed fresh after harvest along
with skin and pulp, hence, there is feasibility of
organic farming in its cultivation.
• Integrated application of different fertilizers,
organic manures and bio-fertilizers in guava
improved the vegetative growth parameters,
yield and fruit quality.
• Panchgavya is beneficial in increasing TSS and
extending shelf life by 5 days.

21. LIST OF ACCREDITED CERTIFYING AND
INSPECTION AGENCIES IN INDIA
Association for Promotion of Organic Farming (APOF)-Bangalore
Indian Society for Certification of Organic Production (ISCOP)-T.N
Indian Organic Certification Agency (INDOCERT) – Cochin, Kerala
Skal Inspection and Certification Agency – Bangalore
IMO Control Pvt. Ltd. – Bangalore
Ecocert International – Aurangabad
Bioinspectra – Cochin, Kerala
SGS India Pvt. Ltd. – Gurgaon
International Resources for Fair Trade (IRFD) – Mumbai
National Organic Certification Association (NOCA) – Pune

22. SUPPORT OF INDIAN GOVERNMENT
TO PROMOTE ORGANIC FARMING
The Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India is promoting
Organic Farming in the country under the following schemes:
National Project on Organic Farming (implemented since
October, 2004)
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
National Centre on Organic Farming: Ghaziabad
Regional Centres:
1. Bangalore 2. Bhubaneswar
3. Hissar 4. Imphal
5. Jabalpur 6. Nagpur

23. SAY NO TO CHEMICALS
SAY YES TO ORGANIC
FARMING
IF WE ARE FREE FROM
CHEMICALS, THEN I WILL
PROVIDE YOU FREE CHEMICAL
NUTRITION…

24. • Conservation of biodiversity of fruit crops.
• Diversify high-value crops in the hills, arid and
coastal agri-ecosystems.
• Demonstration of On farm Research Trail for
Organic production.
• Technological improvements for increasing
production and productivity of fruit and vegetable
crops.
• Concept of processing and value addition of
organic produce.
• Certification of Organic Produce to get good return.
• Strengthening of Marketing chain and setting up of
counters for selling of organic produce.
Futuristic strategies for boosting Organic farming by 2050

25. Conclusion

26.  Organic farming yields more nutritious and safe food.
 The popularity of organic food is growing dramatically
as consumer seeks the organic foods that are thought
to be healthier and safer.
 Organic food perhaps ensures food safety from Farm
to Plate.
 Organic farming keeps soil healthy and maintains
environment integrity thereby, promoting the health
of consumers.
 India, at present, is the world’s largest organic
producers and with this vision, we can conclude that
encouraging organic farming in India can build a
nutritionally, ecologically, and economically healthy
nation in near future.
Conclusion

27. Email: organic.skuastj@gmail.com
Website: www.krishisandesh.com
YouTube: @parshantbakshi

28. •During lockdown period, videos of Web lecture, Competitive videos, High density
planting and Fruit production are of great help to students and talk show and
demonstration to fruit growers and field functionaries.
• The total views of my YouTube channel (https://www.youtube.com/parshant
bakshi) are 3,51,000 which showed an increase of viewed videos by 65 per cent
from March, 2020 to January, 2023.
•This is the top watched
video on YouTube with 29,235
0%
0%
0%
28%
31%
41%
Till March 20 15-03-20 15-03-21
You Tube

29. www.krishisandesh.com

30. Sustainable Horticulture A Decision for
Nature
Thank you

31. CENTRE FOR ORGANIC AND NATURAL FARMING,
SKUAST-J, CHATHA WELCOMES YOU ALL