Cacao trees grow pods containing cocoa beans, which are fermented and dried to develop flavor. The beans are roasted, shelled, and ground into a chocolate liquor, which is mixed with sugar, milk, and cocoa butter to make chocolate. At Hershey, fresh milk is pasteurized and mixed with sugar before being combined with chocolate liquor and ground into a crumb. The crumb is refined and conched to create a smooth chocolate paste used to mold chocolate bars through a controlled cooling process.