1. The document outlines Joel West's 2014 research agenda on open innovation presented at the World Open Innovation Conference. 2. The 2006 agenda focused on multiple levels of analysis but was lacking research on not-for-profit organizations, value networks, and incentives for participation. 3. The 2014 agenda proposes focusing more research on integrating external knowledge, better measuring the impacts of open innovation, tying open innovation to existing management theories, and exploring non-pecuniary motivations and the role of appropriability.

1. Open Innovation:
A Research Agenda
Joel West
World Open Innovation Conference
December 4, 2014

2. 2006 agenda
• Multiple levels of analysis
– Individual: least studied
– Organizational: most studied
• Not-for-profit unstudied
– Value network and ecosytems
– Industry/sector
– National institutions
• Incentives (to create, to participate)
Source: West, Vanhaverbeke, Chesbrough (2006)

3. 2014 agenda
Four papers offer 2014 research agenda:
•West & Bogers, J. Prod. Innovation Mgmt.
•West, Salter, Vanhaverbeke & Chesbrough,
Research Policy
•Chesbrough & Bogers, Ch. 1 of New Frontiers in
Open Innovation
•Vanhaverbeke, Chesbrough & West, Ch 15 of
NFOI
See: blog.openinnovation.net, 27 Oct 2014

4. 1. Levels of Analysis
• Individual/group (West & Piller, 2014)
• Project (Du et al, 2014; Vanhaverbeke et al, Ch. 6
of NFOI)
• Firm/organization: still most studied
• Network, ecosystem: (West Ch. 4 of NFOI)
• Community (West & Lakhani, 2008)
• Industry/sector: (Christensen, 2006)
• National/supranational (Chesbrough &
Vanhaverbeke, 2011)
• Today: Session 3-2 (ecosystems)
Source: West et al (2014), Vanhaverbeke et al (2014)

5. 2. More on Integration
Research on inbound open innovation
•Emphasizing 1st step: sourcing
– Search
– Enabling/filtering
– Acquiring
•Missing 2nd and 3rd step
– Integrating
– Commercializing
Source: West & Bogers (2014)

6. 3. Better measurement
• Previously:
– OI originated with case studies
– Many CIS studies spawned by Laursen & Salter (2006)
– Patent data (e.g. Fabrizio, 2009)
• Opportunities for
– New to the world measures (e.g., Dahlander &
Piezunka, 2014)
– New to OI measures (e.g. Belderbos et al, 2014; Du et
al, 2014)
• Today: Session 2-2 (does OI pay?)
Source: West et al (2014)

7. 4. Tie to extant theory
• Salter: Open innovation “did not itself seek to
directly align to existing underpinning theories in
these fields”
• Vanhaverbeke & Cloodt (Ch. 14):
– Link of OI “funnel” to the role of the firm
– Transaction: less costs, more value
– Less resources, more relational
– Importance of dynamic capabilities
– Open innovation as real options
• Today: Session 2-1
Source: West et al (2014), Vanhaverbeke et al (2014)

8. 5. Nonpecuniary motivations
• Identified early (Chesbrough, SMR 2003; West
et al, 2006)
• More general model of nonpecuniary:
inbound and outbound nonpecuniary flows
(Dahlander & Gann, 2010)
• NGO, GO apply OI in a different way
(Chesbrough and Di Minin, Ch. 9 of NFOI)
• Today: Di Minin (3-1)
Source: West et al (2014)

9. 6. Role of Appropriability
• OI inspired by Teece (1986) framework
• Key reality for pecuniary modes (West, 2006;
Dahlander & Gann, 2010)
– What is the role of informal appropriability?
(Laursen & Salter, 2014)
• Blending of OI and non-proprietary “open”
– Openness as a profitable OI strategy (Henkel et al,
2014)
• Today: Session 3-1 (IP); Wadhwa (1-1)
Source: West et al (2014)

10. What’s Next
• Semi-open wine (and beer)
– Drink tickets
– Cash bar
• 6pm next door (in lunch room)
• 12 poster sessions
• Comment on a poster, get a ticket