Open Educational Resources & Open Licensing
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This is the slide set for the OER & Open Licensing component of the monthly Copyright & Licensing Training provided by Stephanie (Charlie) Farley and Eugen Stoica at The University of Edinburgh. Copyright and licensing training is an important way to build confidence, awareness, and staff skills, enabling the provision of teaching, research and information services in compliance with the law and open educational practices. Stephanie (Charlie) Farley is the Open Educational Resources (OER) Advisor for Educational Design and Engagement. She provides the OER service and the Open.Ed website.
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Open Educational Resources & Open Licensing
- 1. Open Educational Resources ‘Man and dog from BL Harley 5294, f. 25’, Via Europeana from the British Library, Public Domain Stephanie (Charlie) Farley Educational Design & Engagement University of Edinburgh
- 2. Lorna M. Campbell Lorna.M.Campbell@ed.ac.uk @LornaMCampbell Stephanie (Charlie) Farley Stephanie.Farley@ed.ac.uk @SFarley_Charlie Open.Ed OER Service Learning, Teaching & Web Information Services http://open.ed.ac.uk/ @OpenEdEdinburgh
- 3. Just because a work is on the internet doesn’t mean it isn’t protected by copyright. Picture, by Adrien Coquet, CC BY Painting, by Ben Davis, CC BY Film, by Agni, CC BYMusic, by Hello Many, CC BY
- 4. Protects the rights of authors of creative works, for a set period of time. Copyright Copyright, by ProSymbols, CC BY
- 5. Copyright meaning: No longer under protection, or has been actively dedicated to the public for free use. Public Domain Public Domain – CC0
- 6. is the permission, or authorisation, to re-use a copyrighted work. A licence Agreement, by Setyo Ari Wibowo, CC BY
- 13. Frogs computer bench, Pixabay, CC0 OPEN Spaces Websites Public spaces Conferences Social Media
- 14. Frog at home, Pixabay, CC0 CLOSED Spaces Learn Moodle EASE protected Lecture theatres Tutorial/Lab/Seminar
- 15. Open Educational Resources (OER) OER are online resources that have been openly licensed so that anyone can re-use, re-mix, and re-share to use to support learning.
- 16. OER Policy & University Mission To “make a significant, sustainable socially responsible contribution to Scotland, the UK, and the world”.
- 17. OER Support Service The University has a Learning & Teaching OER Policy (http://edin.ac/2lMXM9L) and supports the open licensing of learning and teaching materials by staff and students.
- 18. The Benefits of OER • Ensures longevity of access to resources. • Diversifies the curriculum. • Improves digital skills. • Engages students in co-creation. • Promotes the outputs of open research. • Contributes to the development of open knowledge. • Enhances engagement with content and collections. CC0, Alan Levine, https://www.flickr.com/photos/cogdog/35 104311216/
- 19. OER diversifies the curriculum http://www.open.ed.ac.uk/lgbt-healthcare-101/
- 20. Images in Academic Papers PhD student, Sara Haenzi, realised that the descriptive pictures she was using were from a copyright protected book. Deciding to get rid of those images and instead produce her own, she then realised a further copyright issue: depending on where the paper was published, the rights for her own images could end up with the publisher rather than herself. What do you think she could do? Full story source
- 21. Sara’s Answer: Sarah created her own images and published them herself on Figshare under a creative commons license, and then cited her own images in the paper. Xenopus laevis: overview over late tadpole stages, Hanzi and Straka, 2016, CC BY 4.0
- 22. A Creative Commons (CC) licence is one of several open licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work.
- 23. Creative Commons licences CC BY Attribution Re-mix, re-use, re-share - provide attribution to the author CC BY-SA Attribution Share-Alike Re-mix, re-use, re-share - provide attribution to the author and re-share under the same licence.
- 24. Creative Commons licences CC BY-ND Attribution Non-Derivative Re-use, re-share - No changes to content, and provide attribution to the author CC BY-NC Attribution Non-Commercial Re-mix, re-use, re-share - provide attribution to the author and not use for profit.
- 25. Always give credit, attribution, to the creator of the resource. The Creative Commons licences state that you need to make a ‘Best effort’ to provide attribution.
- 26. The good, the bad, and the ugly Good: "Creative Commons 10th Birthday Celebration San Francisco” by tvol (Flickr) is licensed under CC BY Average: Photo by tvol / CC BY Incorrect: Photo: Creative Commons The Creative Commons Wiki provides detailed information on how to correctly attribute resources in a number of contexts: https://wiki.creativecommons.org/Best_practices_for_attribution
- 27. Google Image Seach, https://www.google.co.uk/
- 29. Dedicated open repositories provide openly licensed content across multiple disciplines. https://edin.ac/2GCShW5
- 31. Open Textbooks Open Textbooks are books that have been made accessible online free of cost and are often also openly licensed to allow free modifications, use, and sharing. Educators and students are provided with the opportunity to feedback, alter, and adapt the texts to purpose. http://ukopentextbooks.org/ CC BY 3.0, Centre for Research Collections, https://edin.ac/2IVljx7
- 34. Directory of Open Access Journals, https://doaj.org/search#.W-1eN3r7RBw
- 40. Media Hopper Create, https://media.ed.ac.uk/
- 41. Search Creative Commons, https://search.creativecommons.org/
- 43. frogs not-see not-hear not-speak, Pixabay, CC0 Attribution as good practice Longevity of materials Prepared for change
- 45. Thank you! CC BY Charlie Farley, University of Edinburgh, unless otherwise indicated. Stephanie (Charlie) Farley stephanie.farley@ed.ac.uk @SFarley_Charlie CC BY-NC-SA 2.0, Centre for Research Collections, https://flic.kr/p/fcwCzM
Editor's Notes
- Open education can encompass many different things. These are just some of the aspects of open education
- We all use a variety of works in our teaching and presentation materials, including audio, video, images, & artwork. Just because a work is accessible on the internet doesn’t mean it’s copyright protections have been waived.
- Copyright protects the rights of authors of creative works. You don't need to register copyright or put the copyright symbol on your work. Once you have created an original piece of work, be it a photograph, sound recording, painting, or paper, your rights as the author of that work are protected.
- A licence is the permission or authorisation to re-use a copyrighted work. By applying a licence you aren't giving up your copyright, the work is still yours, what you are saying is how someone else can, and can not, re-use your work.
- The Copyright Myth-Reality Cards were produced for the launch of the Copyright User website at the AHRC’s Creative Economy Showcase eventon 12 March 2014. The cards consist of text and illustrations, with a copyright myth on one side and the copyright reality on the other. You can freely download and print the entire set of cards here.
- Open spaces – a website viewable to anyone with the address, public teaching spaces, conferences, social media.
- Closed spaces – authenticated spaces where materials are available only to University of Edinburgh students. Learn, Moodle, EASE protected spaces, Lecture theatres, Tutorial, lab, and seminar spaces.
- This is where Open Education Resources (OERs) come in. OER is an umbrella term used to describe online resources that have been openly licensed so that anyone can re-use, re-mix, and re-share to use to support learning.
- - The University of Edinburgh sees the use and open sharing of its own teaching and learning materials as part of the University’s mission to “make a significant, sustainable socially responsible contribution to Scotland, the UK, and the world”. - It’s important we contribute towards the global commons of education and cultural resources. - We have an OER Policy that sets out how the University encourages and supports staff to openly licence and share teaching and learning materials. This can be found on the resources attached to this presentation, or on the website www.open.ed.ac.uk
- I want to focus now on some of the benefits of OER.
- A number of studies have shown that LGBT Health is not well-covered in Medical curricula in either the UK or the US, however knowledge of LGBT health and of the sensitivities needed to treat LGBT patients are valuable skills for qualifying doctors. Using resources from the commons, this project addressed the lack of teaching on LGBT health within the curriculum. The remixed and repurposed resources were contributed back to the commons as CC BY licensed OER. New open resources including digital stories recorded from patient interviews and resources for Secondary School children of all ages were also created and released as CC BY OER. Original resources created by Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
- You may already be familiar with Creative Commons. They're a non-profit global group, and one of several, that create open licenses anyone can apply to their work in order to enable the free distribution of otherwise copyrighted work.
- A CC BY licence allows anyone to re-mix, re-use & re-share, so long as attribution, or credit, is given to the author. This means you can take a picture, change it, put it on a mug, and sell it if you wish. A CC BY-SA, or ShareAlike licence, allows anyone to re-mix, re-use, & re-share, so long as credit is provided to the author and any new work is shared under the same licence. So we could take that picture, cut it up, put it in a collage, so long as the collage was also licensed CC BY-SA so that someone else could re-use and re-share the work. We call this copy-left.
- A CC BY-ND, or Non-Derivative licence, means anyone can re-use & re-share the work, so long as credit is provided to the author, and no changes are made to the material. So that picture cannot be altered, we would need to use all of it, not just a section, but it can be incorporated into another work in its entirety. A CC BY-NC, or nonCommercial licence is trickier. The work can be re-used and remixed, and re-shared, but not used for a commercial purpose, and what counts as a commercial purpose can be hard to define. (click for notes 2)
- Once we have the resources, we need to make sure we provide credit. Always give credit, attribution, to the creator of the resource. Yes, this is part of the licence, but we also want to ensure we’re acting in good faith and giving credit as we would want to receive recognition for our own efforts. The Creative Commons licences actually state that you need to make a ‘Best effort’ to provide attribution. They don’t say in what way this must be done.
- Here are three examples of attribution. We have a picture of a plate with iced cupcakes topped with a CC inside a circle. And here are three possible attributions. The first, or Good, attribution is how I prefer to do it. It has the title, the authors name and which platform the work is from, and the licence information. The title and the licence have been hyperlinked through to the source of the image and the source of the licence, but if we saw this on a poster where we couldn’t click on a link, there’s enough information here that we could go online ourselves and find the original image and the authors other works.
- Did you know that Google image search allows you to filter the results by usage type? Click on the ’Tools’ button below the search bar in order to see an additional toolbar with the ‘usage’ option.
- Our Open.Ed webpage has a bundle of great ‘how to’ guides and resources.
- Including a table of dedicated open repositories across multiple disciplines.
- National Science Digital Library is a great example of an educational repository of OER.
- Open education can encompass many different things. These are just some of the aspects of open education
- Open Textbooks are also a great resource for finding openly licensed re-usable content.
- Particularly for technical images and diagrams.
- The Directory of Open Access Journals is fab because it also allows to filter by CC licensed papers.
- http://www.images.is.ed.ac.uk is the University of Edinburgh’s online collection of digitised library, galleries, museum, and archival content. Where possible content has been openly licensed.
- Ensuring that when embedding images we take the time to link directly to the image source provides the all important attribution, but it also allows students to view the images directly, possibly at higher resolution, and to explore the collections.
- You’ll notice that even though this image is available in the public domain, I’ve still made a note that this is the case.
- Again, media from Media Hopper create can also be embedded in our virtual teaching environments such as learn, and link back to the source so both the students, you, and your colleagues, can track back that content.
- One great place to start looking for openly licensed resources is the Creative commons Beta search at search.creativecommons.org. Type your query into the search bar, then tick whether you want something for ‘commercial purposes’ or not, or to ‘modify, adapt, or build upon’. Then click on any of the platforms provided below, including Google Images, Flickr, Europeana, SoundCloud, and more. It will take you to a results page on that platform with items available for your requested licence needs.
- If you're interested in cultural and historical resources, the CC Beta search has been working to provide a single search across multiple cultural institutions. Go to ccsearch.creativecommons.org it works just like the previous search, only you can also search within ‘Title’, ‘creator’ and ‘tag’ fields. It then searches across photographs, including Flickr, and four cultural heritage institutions: Europeana, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the New York Public Library, and the Rijkmuseum.
- It’s important that we understand why we have access to the use of certain materials, the ways we are able to use them, the spaces where some materials can be used but not others, and the variety of resources and options that are available to use. The University of Edinburgh is becoming a leader in open education and open practices, and we can build on this by ensuring that our staff and students understand copyright, licensing, and open practices. Keeping track and attributing all of our materials allows for greater longevity and re-use, reducing copyright debt. For our own purposes – when we re-design or move elsewhere, for our colleagues when we are collaborating or handing over courses and tasks, and for our students – in what they can take with them and have continued access. It also prepares us for any changes that may occur and prevents against large amounts of re-work.