This document discusses key concepts of object-oriented programming including inheritance, polymorphism, and dynamic binding. It describes how inheritance allows for reuse of data and functionality from parent classes while also allowing modification and addition of new entities in derived classes. Polymorphism is supported through dynamic binding which allows polymorphic variables to reference objects from parent and subclass types.
A novel approach for clone group mappingijseajournal
Clone group mapping has a very important significance in the evolution of code clone. The topic modeling
techniques were applied into code clone firstly and a new clone group mapping method was proposed. The
method is very effective for not only Type-1 and Type-2 clone but also Type-3 clone .By making full use of
the source text and structure information, topic modeling techniques transform the mapping problem of
high-dimensional code space into a low-dimensional topic space, the goal of clone group mapping was
indirectly reached by mapping clone group topics. Experiments on four open source software show that the
recall and precision are up to 0.99, thus the method can effectively and accurately reach the goal of clone
group mapping.
This all is about the object oriented programming in c++ language. It includes the importent components of oops , related terminologies and the related details.
Type variability and completeness of interfaces in java applicationsijseajournal
Interfaces are widely used as central design elements of Java appli
cations. Although interfaces are abstract
types similar to abstract classes, the usage of interfaces in Java applications may considerably differ from
the usage of abstract classes. Unlike abstract classes, interfaces are meant to enable multiple inheritan
ce
in Java programs. Hence, interfaces are meant to encode shared similarities between classes belonging to
different class
-
type hierarchies. Therefore, it is frequent to use interfaces as partial types, where an
interface specifies one specific aspect or
usage of its implementing classes. In this paper, we investigate
interfaces' usage in Java applications from two perspectives. First, we investigate the usage of interfaces as
types of classes belonging to different class
-
type hierarchies (i.e., interface'
s type variability). Second, we
investigate the usage of interfaces as partial types of implementing classes (i.e., interface's type
completeness).
Class Diagram Extraction from Textual Requirements Using NLP Techniquesiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Introduction to C++ : Object Oriented Technology, Advantages of OOP, Input- output in
C++, Tokens, Keywords, Identifiers, Data Types C++, Derives data types. The void data
type, Type Modifiers, Typecasting, Constant
Polymorphism is the concept that different objects have different implementations of the same characteristic and Interfaces provide early binding to an object, which can greatly improve performance and also provide type protection at compile time
GNAT for Lego Mindtorms NXT is a GPL port for the GNAT compilation system to the Lego Mindstorms NXT robotic platform. Originally born as an education-oriented project at MIT Media Lab, the Lego Mindstorms has evolved into a succesful commercial product for education in robotics in a moltitude of Universities and high schools across the globe. The latest revision of the platform includes a 32 bits processor and supports several different sensors able to detect distance, colors and sounds and to communicate via the Bluetooth protocol.
A novel approach for clone group mappingijseajournal
Clone group mapping has a very important significance in the evolution of code clone. The topic modeling
techniques were applied into code clone firstly and a new clone group mapping method was proposed. The
method is very effective for not only Type-1 and Type-2 clone but also Type-3 clone .By making full use of
the source text and structure information, topic modeling techniques transform the mapping problem of
high-dimensional code space into a low-dimensional topic space, the goal of clone group mapping was
indirectly reached by mapping clone group topics. Experiments on four open source software show that the
recall and precision are up to 0.99, thus the method can effectively and accurately reach the goal of clone
group mapping.
This all is about the object oriented programming in c++ language. It includes the importent components of oops , related terminologies and the related details.
Type variability and completeness of interfaces in java applicationsijseajournal
Interfaces are widely used as central design elements of Java appli
cations. Although interfaces are abstract
types similar to abstract classes, the usage of interfaces in Java applications may considerably differ from
the usage of abstract classes. Unlike abstract classes, interfaces are meant to enable multiple inheritan
ce
in Java programs. Hence, interfaces are meant to encode shared similarities between classes belonging to
different class
-
type hierarchies. Therefore, it is frequent to use interfaces as partial types, where an
interface specifies one specific aspect or
usage of its implementing classes. In this paper, we investigate
interfaces' usage in Java applications from two perspectives. First, we investigate the usage of interfaces as
types of classes belonging to different class
-
type hierarchies (i.e., interface'
s type variability). Second, we
investigate the usage of interfaces as partial types of implementing classes (i.e., interface's type
completeness).
Class Diagram Extraction from Textual Requirements Using NLP Techniquesiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Introduction to C++ : Object Oriented Technology, Advantages of OOP, Input- output in
C++, Tokens, Keywords, Identifiers, Data Types C++, Derives data types. The void data
type, Type Modifiers, Typecasting, Constant
Polymorphism is the concept that different objects have different implementations of the same characteristic and Interfaces provide early binding to an object, which can greatly improve performance and also provide type protection at compile time
GNAT for Lego Mindtorms NXT is a GPL port for the GNAT compilation system to the Lego Mindstorms NXT robotic platform. Originally born as an education-oriented project at MIT Media Lab, the Lego Mindstorms has evolved into a succesful commercial product for education in robotics in a moltitude of Universities and high schools across the globe. The latest revision of the platform includes a 32 bits processor and supports several different sensors able to detect distance, colors and sounds and to communicate via the Bluetooth protocol.
Você sabia que a primeira pessoa a programar um computador na história foi uma mulher? E que a primeira mulher a ir ao espaço foi Valentina Tereshkova, uma soviética de 26 anos? No Ada Lovelace Day de Brasília trouxemos alguns dados históricos e fizemos um painel de debate sobre o que as mulheres fizeram e o que ainda fazem na área de TI. Ocorreu dia 13/10, das 19h30 às 22h, com o apoio do Calango Hacker Club (www.calango.club)
Euclid's Elements was considered as the foundation of Mathematics till the end of 19th century. Is there a connection with his period and Alexander the Great's eastward battles ? Is there any possibility that the origin of his thought and the principles itself was from the Indian subcontinent ?
If you're looking to land a technical job, then you already know that the interview process can be rigorous and challenging. That's why we've created an eBook that focuses on the Top 30 Technical Interview Questions that you're likely to face during the interview process.
Our eBook is a comprehensive guide that covers all the technical aspects of the interview, including software development, database administration, system administration, and much more. With each question, we've included a detailed explanation of the concept and a step-by-step solution to help you answer the question with confidence.
The Top 30 Technical Interview Questions eBook is perfect for anyone who is preparing for a technical interview. Whether you're a student, a recent graduate, or an experienced professional, our eBook will provide you with the knowledge and skills you need to succeed in your interview.
Intro to JAVA
Basics of Oops
Features of Oops
Applications of Oops
How to create a JAVA program
How to Edit a Java Program
Compiling a Java program
Java Class file
Run or Executing a Java program
Command line arguments
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2. INTRODUCTION Languages that support OOP are firmly entrenched in the mainstream. From COBOL to LISP c++, Ada 95, and CLOS, an OOP version of LISP. C++ and Ada 95 support procedural- and data-oriented programming, CLOS also supports funcitonal programming. Some of the newer languages that were designed to support object-oriented programming do not support other programming paradigms, but still employ some of the basic structures and have the appearance of the older imperative languages. Among these are Eiffel and Java. Smalltalk was the first language to offer complete support for object-oriented programming. This is inheritance, which is at the center of object-oriented programming and the languages that support it.
3. INTRODUCTION The concept of object-oriented programming has its roots in SIMULA 67 but was not fully developed until the evolution of Smalltalk resulted in producing Smalltalk 80 (in1980, of course). Three key languages: -abstract data types -inheritance -a particular kind of dynamic binding Procedure-oriented programming focuses on subprograms and subprogram libraries. Data-oriented programming focuses on abstract data types. The Sorting process is enacted by calling that operation on the specific array object. The data-oriented programming paradigm was popular in the 1980s, and it served by the data abstraction facilities of Modula-2, Ada, and several more recent languages. Object-based languages are the languages that support data-oriented programming. Object-Oriented Programming
4.
5. Inheritance offers a solution to both modification problem posed by abstract data type and the program organization problem. If a new abstract data type can inherit the data and functionality of some existing type, and is also allowed to modify some of those Entities and add new entities, reuse is greatly facilitated without changes to the reused data type. The abstract data types in OOP, following the lead of SIMULA 67, are usually called classes . As with instances of abstract data types, Class instances are called objects . A class that is defined through Inheritance from another class is a derived class or subclass . A class from which the new class is derived is its parent class or superclass . The sub-programs that define the operations on objects of a class are Called methods . The calls to methods are often called messages . The entire collection of methods of an objects is called the message protocol , or message interface , of the object.
6. A modified method has the same name. and often the same protocol, As the one of which it is a modification. The new method is said to override the inherited version, which is then called an overriden method. The most common purpose of an overriding method Is to provide an operation that is specific for objects of the derived class but is not appropriate for objects of the parent class. classes can have two kinds of methods and variables. The most commonly used methods and variables are called instance methods And variables. Every object of a class has its own set of instance variables, which store the objects state. The only difference between two objects of the same class is the state of their instance variables. Instance methods operate only on the objects of the class. Class variables belong to the class, rather than its object, so there only one copy for the class. Class methods can perform operations on the class, and possibly also on the objects of the class.
7. If a new class is a subclass of a single parent class, then the Derivation process is called single inheritance. If a class has more than one parent class, the process is called multiple inheritance. When a number of classes are related through single inheritance, their relationships to each other can be shown in a derivation tree. The class relationship in a multiple inheritance can be shown in a derivation graph. One disadvantage of inheritance as a means Of increasing the possibility of reuse is that it creates a dependency Among the classes in an inheritance hierarchy.
8. Polymorphism and Dynamic Binding 3 rd characteristics of OOP language is a kind of polymorphism provided by the dynamic binding of messages to method definitions. This is supported by allowing one to define polymorphic variables of the type of the parent class that are also able to reference objects of any of the subclass of that class. The parent class can define a method that is overridden by its subclass. Virtual method , any class that includes at least one virtual method is called a virtual class. Such as class cannot be instantiated because not all of its methods have bodies.
9.
10.
11. On the other hand, keeping the implementation part of the parent class hidden from the subclasses can cause inefficiencies in the execution of the instances of those subclasses. This can be caused by the difference in efficiency of having direct access to data structures versus requiring access through the operations defined in the parent class. However, if the language designer has chosen interface inheritance, this code would look something like int second ( ) { int temp = top ( ) ; pop ( ) ; int temp_result = top ( ) ; push (temp) ; return temp_result; } This is clearly a slower process than the direct access to the second element from the top of the stack. The best solution for the language designer is to provide both implementation and interface inheritance options to the software designer and let him or her decide, on a case-by-case basis, which version is better.