The project involve the science and art of producing, improving, marketing and using of onions, in wholesale and retail basing on the preferable grade by the market, the product will be exported and some of its quantity will be sold on the local market
Horticultural practices likes as pruning, training, staking, mulching, PGRs and pollination found effective for achieving significant higher yield with improved quality.
I have tried to describe what is tunnel and what is tunnel farming and its types according to both via height and via structure.
And it also includes Substrates we use in preparation of seedlings and different structural features like buffer zone, trellising, coolers etc.
The Basics of FINANCIAL STATEMENTS for Agricultural ProducersKUNWAR THAKUR
This Presentation is for farmers, ranchers, bookkeepers and business owners who want to use financial statements in their work but have little or no formal training in accounting or financial reporting,it leads the reader through financial statement development and shows how statements interact with each other to present a true financial picture of the business.
Horticultural practices likes as pruning, training, staking, mulching, PGRs and pollination found effective for achieving significant higher yield with improved quality.
I have tried to describe what is tunnel and what is tunnel farming and its types according to both via height and via structure.
And it also includes Substrates we use in preparation of seedlings and different structural features like buffer zone, trellising, coolers etc.
The Basics of FINANCIAL STATEMENTS for Agricultural ProducersKUNWAR THAKUR
This Presentation is for farmers, ranchers, bookkeepers and business owners who want to use financial statements in their work but have little or no formal training in accounting or financial reporting,it leads the reader through financial statement development and shows how statements interact with each other to present a true financial picture of the business.
Presentation on RAWE and agro-industrial attachment program 2022Deependra Gupta
I B.Sc. agriculture 7th semester a rural agricultural work experience program is organised. In this program students learn basic agriculture practices with farmers and KVK specialist.
This ppt is present in the college during practical viva.
ppt for RAWE program
Opportunities for agri and rural entrepreneurship 1kiranRana48
Rural entrepreneurship has an imperative role to play in the development of Indian economy. Taking into account the fact that nearly 70 percent of the Indian population calls rural India it's home, adequate funding and support can provide a prosperous entrepreneur atmosphere in these communities
Report on Rural Agricultural Work Experience.
7 th semester work in Institute of Agricultural Work Experience.
A semester whole work in village condition & attachment with farmers.
Irrigated Village & Raifed Village near to Bhubaneswar
Project proposal for mushroom unit (blossom) in tura, meghalayaAjit Majumder
OBJECTIVE
1. To produce 120 beds of paddy straw mushroom with a production of 120 kg/ month during summer and rainy season and 225 bags of oyster mushroom producing 450 kg in winter season @ 2 kg/ bag.
2. To earn profit at low cost of maintenance.
Potato is grown in more than 100 countries, under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. It is essentially a "cool weather crop", with temperature being the main limiting factor on production. The potato is a very accommodating and adaptable plant, and will produce well without ideal soil and growing conditions. Once harvested, potatoes can be used fora variety of purposes: as a fresh vegetable for cooking at home, as raw material for processing into food products, food ingredients, starch and alcohol, as feed foranimals, and as seed tubers for growing the next season’s crop.
See more
http://goo.gl/v9aiQS
http://goo.gl/gRhM4U
http://goo.gl/pAxlHD
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Agro Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Agro Techniques for potato production of quality potato seed, Commercial Postharvest Handling of Potatoes, Cultivation of Potato, Favourable Conditions of Growth for Potato, Food Processing Industry in India, Get started in small-scale food manufacturing, How long does it take to grow a potato?, How to Easily Plant and Harvest Potatoes, How to Grow and Store Potatoes, How to Grow Organic Potatoes, How to grow Potato : Vegetable Gardening, how to grow potatoes , How to plant potatoes?, How to start a food manufacturing business, How to Start a Food Production Business, How to Start a Potato Production Business, How to start a successful potato processing business, How to Start Food Processing Industry in India, How to Start Potato Processing Industry in India, How to Store Potatoes, Most Profitable Food Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Potato Processing Business Ideas, new small scale ideas in Potato processing industry, organic farming potatoes, Organic Potato Production, planting potatoes from potatoes, post-harvest technology and utilization of potato, Potato and Potato Processing Technology Book, potato by products, potato cultivation in india, potato cultivation pdf, potato cultivation techniques in india, potato farming business plan, potato farming methods, potato farming process, Potato Processing and Uses, Potato Processing Industry in India, potato production in india, Potato Production, Processing and Technology book, Potato Seed Production, Potato Value Added Products, Potatoes: Planting, Growing and Harvesting Potato Plants, Potential value-added products and uses, Process Technology Book for Production of Potato, Setting up and opening your potato processing Business, Starting a Potato Farm - Startup Business, Starting a Potato Processing Business, true potato seed production technology, Use of Manure in Potato Production, Value Added potato processing, Value added products from potato, Value addition to potatoes, Value-Added Food Processing Technologies, Value-added food products processing, Value-added offerings increase in potato category, What are potatoes made out of?, what are seed potato
Report on RAWE and Agro-industrial attachment 2022Deependra Gupta
Rural Agricultural Work Experience Program (RAWE) is organized every year for the under graduate students of B. Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture, final year VIIth semester. RAWE helps the students primarily in understanding the rural situations, status of agricultural technologies adopted by farmers, prioritize the farmer’s problems and to develop skills and attitude of working with farm families for overall development in rural area.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Presentation on RAWE and agro-industrial attachment program 2022Deependra Gupta
I B.Sc. agriculture 7th semester a rural agricultural work experience program is organised. In this program students learn basic agriculture practices with farmers and KVK specialist.
This ppt is present in the college during practical viva.
ppt for RAWE program
Opportunities for agri and rural entrepreneurship 1kiranRana48
Rural entrepreneurship has an imperative role to play in the development of Indian economy. Taking into account the fact that nearly 70 percent of the Indian population calls rural India it's home, adequate funding and support can provide a prosperous entrepreneur atmosphere in these communities
Report on Rural Agricultural Work Experience.
7 th semester work in Institute of Agricultural Work Experience.
A semester whole work in village condition & attachment with farmers.
Irrigated Village & Raifed Village near to Bhubaneswar
Project proposal for mushroom unit (blossom) in tura, meghalayaAjit Majumder
OBJECTIVE
1. To produce 120 beds of paddy straw mushroom with a production of 120 kg/ month during summer and rainy season and 225 bags of oyster mushroom producing 450 kg in winter season @ 2 kg/ bag.
2. To earn profit at low cost of maintenance.
Potato is grown in more than 100 countries, under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. It is essentially a "cool weather crop", with temperature being the main limiting factor on production. The potato is a very accommodating and adaptable plant, and will produce well without ideal soil and growing conditions. Once harvested, potatoes can be used fora variety of purposes: as a fresh vegetable for cooking at home, as raw material for processing into food products, food ingredients, starch and alcohol, as feed foranimals, and as seed tubers for growing the next season’s crop.
See more
http://goo.gl/v9aiQS
http://goo.gl/gRhM4U
http://goo.gl/pAxlHD
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Agro Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Agro Techniques for potato production of quality potato seed, Commercial Postharvest Handling of Potatoes, Cultivation of Potato, Favourable Conditions of Growth for Potato, Food Processing Industry in India, Get started in small-scale food manufacturing, How long does it take to grow a potato?, How to Easily Plant and Harvest Potatoes, How to Grow and Store Potatoes, How to Grow Organic Potatoes, How to grow Potato : Vegetable Gardening, how to grow potatoes , How to plant potatoes?, How to start a food manufacturing business, How to Start a Food Production Business, How to Start a Potato Production Business, How to start a successful potato processing business, How to Start Food Processing Industry in India, How to Start Potato Processing Industry in India, How to Store Potatoes, Most Profitable Food Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Potato Processing Business Ideas, new small scale ideas in Potato processing industry, organic farming potatoes, Organic Potato Production, planting potatoes from potatoes, post-harvest technology and utilization of potato, Potato and Potato Processing Technology Book, potato by products, potato cultivation in india, potato cultivation pdf, potato cultivation techniques in india, potato farming business plan, potato farming methods, potato farming process, Potato Processing and Uses, Potato Processing Industry in India, potato production in india, Potato Production, Processing and Technology book, Potato Seed Production, Potato Value Added Products, Potatoes: Planting, Growing and Harvesting Potato Plants, Potential value-added products and uses, Process Technology Book for Production of Potato, Setting up and opening your potato processing Business, Starting a Potato Farm - Startup Business, Starting a Potato Processing Business, true potato seed production technology, Use of Manure in Potato Production, Value Added potato processing, Value added products from potato, Value addition to potatoes, Value-Added Food Processing Technologies, Value-added food products processing, Value-added offerings increase in potato category, What are potatoes made out of?, what are seed potato
Report on RAWE and Agro-industrial attachment 2022Deependra Gupta
Rural Agricultural Work Experience Program (RAWE) is organized every year for the under graduate students of B. Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture, final year VIIth semester. RAWE helps the students primarily in understanding the rural situations, status of agricultural technologies adopted by farmers, prioritize the farmer’s problems and to develop skills and attitude of working with farm families for overall development in rural area.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Onion (Allium cepa) is the largest plant genera in the phytoworld. Total species are 600 - 920 and is considered as World's healthiest food. This presentation gives a detailed picture of its benefits and research being done on onions.
"The Onion" is a flash fiction story that might put you off soup! A flash story is very small, yet contains all the classic elements - a beginning, middle and end.
I like the way the stories unfold on SlideShare like tiny silent movies, and that the reader can click through at their own pace.
I have another flash story on SlideShare - Pirates - which explores school bullying, and revenge.
http://www.slideshare.net/leanneradojkovich/pirates-30443480
My Master of Creative Writing exegesis considered the unique qualities I believe writers from mixed identities bring to prose, and an overview of this is also on SlideShare:
www.slideshare.net/leanneradojkovich/literary-benefits-of-linguistic-and-cultural-hybridity
See www.leanneradojkovich.com for more info.
Using Selenium and Cucumber to test a Healthcare Information Systemandytinkham
My talk about the architecture we're building out at Healthland for test automation, using Selenium-Webdriver, Cucumber, Page Objects, and a bunch of Ruby code. Given March 28, 2011 at the Ruby Users of MN in Minneapolis and April 6, 2011 at Se Conf in San Francisco.
Project Report And Market Survey of McDonald’s- Cbse class 12 Entrepreneurshi...Dan John
I assure you that this project of mine will fetch you a very good score. Attach the pictures provided towards the end of this project on the backside of the page which is adjacent to the relevant page. I have given certain instructions in the project, starting with the word 'Attn'; follow those and remove them before the submission.
Good Luck!!
5. Mushroom ( feasibilty mushroom revised-17_feb) A Series of Presention By M...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
A Series of Presention By Mr Allah Dad Khan Master Trainer in Mushroom Technology
Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK , Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
Acknowledgements
This manual has been produced as a simple reference for urban farmers. It has been observed that most urban farmers engage in simple UA activities which they are familiar with like the cultivation of leafy vegetables and other staples at the expense of other market oriented crops like mushrooms. The main reason for this trend is the lack of knowledge and skills on how to produce such crops. This manual is therefore designed to impact the knowledge and skills to urban farmers wanting to venture into mushroom production.
MDP acknowledges and is grateful to the RUAF Foundation for the financial support for the production of this manual. With the financial support of RUAF it was possible to hire a consultant to produce the first draft of the manual which was later edited and revised by the MDP Knowledge Management Unit.
Special thanks go to Mrs Shalene Mabharani for producing the initial draft of the manual. The Bulawayo Core Team was instrumental in identifying her for the assignment. We would also like to thank colleagues from MDP, in particular, the Knowledge and Information Manager, Mr. Phillip Kundishora for editing the manual. Mr. George Matovu, the Regional Director, was a source of encouragement in the quest for the production of knowledge materials. Mr. Percy Toriro also assisted with reviewing the initial drafts.
We would also like to thank the Bulawayo UA team for their patience as we put together the manual. They have always pointed to the need for such materials if UA is to take-off in an economically sustainable way.
Thank you all.
About this Guide
This manual is designed for use by urban farmers who want to go into mushroom production. The objective of this manual is to provide technical information on the growing of mushrooms to urban farmers so that they can be able to produce mushrooms for subsistence as well as for commercial purposes using their limited resources. It is designed in such a manner that farmers can easily follow the steps for the production of mushrooms. First the manual gives background on the value of mushrooms. This is then followed by simple production techniques for both oyster and button mushrooms. The last section of the manual deals with the harvesting, processing and marketing of mushrooms. It is our hope that the manual will help urban farmers improve their knowledge and skills of producing mushrooms.
The goal of the study of community development in the surrounding area of the National Park Betung Kerihun (BKNP) is to develop a sustainable use of resources through the development of green agriculture BKNP (ecofarming) and the utilization of non-timber forest products in selected areas. Desired output of this study is a technical report containing information on species of non-timber forest products available based on the existing potential, experience and recommendations of the local community, as well as the markets of non-timber forest products. The consultant(s) shall undertake the following tasks: 1. To review existing information on the potential of NTFPs, within and around BKNP 2. To hold consultations with selected communities on current livelihoods, experience in the 3. utilization of NTFPs and preferred species for development in view of improving livelihood 4. To identify NTFP species for development based on results of above activities (i and ii) 5. To develop an action plan for development of identified NTFP species covering sites, activities and associated budget taking available project’s resources into account. 6. To develop a monitoring and evaluation plan for the implementation of the action plan 7. To present findings of the activity to a technical meeting that is arranged by the project 8. To present technical report of the implementation of activities.
Tujuan dari studi pengembangan masyarakat di sekitar kawasan Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun (TNBK) adalah untuk mengembangkan pemanfaatan berkelanjutan sumber daya melalui pembangunan pertanian hijau TNBK (ecofarming) dan pemanfaatan hasil hutan non kayu di pilih daerah. Output yang diinginkan dari penelitian ini adalah laporan teknis yang berisi informasi tentang jenis produk hutan non-kayu yang tersedia berdasarkan ada potensi, pengalaman dan rekomendasi dari masyarakat setempat, serta pasar produk hutan non-kayu. Konsultan (s) akan melaksanakan tugas-tugas berikut: 1. Untuk meninjau informasi yang ada pada potensi hasil hutan non kayu, dalam dan di sekitar TNBK 2. Untuk mengadakan konsultasi dengan masyarakat yang dipilih pada mata pencaharian saat ini, pengalaman dalam 3. pemanfaatan HHBK dan spesies disukai untuk pengembangan dalam pandangan memperbaiki penghidupan 4. Untuk mengidentifikasi spesies NTFP untuk pengembangan berdasarkan hasil kegiatan di atas (i dan ii) 5. Untuk mengembangkan rencana aksi untuk pengembangan spesies NTFP diidentifikasi meliputi situs, kegiatan dan anggaran terkait mengambil sumber daya yang tersedia proyek memperhitungkan. 6. Untuk mengembangkan rencana pemantauan dan evaluasi pelaksanaan rencana aksi 7. Untuk menyajikan temuan kegiatan untuk pertemuan teknis yang diatur oleh proyek 8. Untuk menyajikan laporan teknis pelaksanaan kegiatan.
This survey is a first attempt to make visible the various home garden projects at Auroville. It does not claim to have recorded 100% of the vegetable home gardens currently established in Auroville. Fruit trees or banana plantations were not considered in this survey as this was beyond the project’s scope.
Capital budgeting decisions are much vital than the decisions on management of working capital as these decisions requires careful analysis of the expected costs and benefits to be derived from each capital expenditure on acquisition of land, building, equipments and for permanent additions to working capital associated with the plant expansion.
The level of investments that maximizes the present value of the firm is simultaneously determined by the interaction of supply and demand forces under conditions of uncertainty
DISSERTATION GUIDELINE, The dissertation is a scholarly communication that demonstrates a specific point of view as a result of original research that is conducted by students during their graduate study. It is a requirement for an award of master degrees offered by Institute of Accountancy Arusha in collaboration with Coventry University. Dissertation includes a study of research methods and gives students the opportunity to enact a piece of individual research or problem-solving.
The directorate sets the minimum format of your dissertation while the content and the specific details is decided by you and your supervisor. It should also be noted that grammar, punctuation, spelling and other mechanical issues are your sole responsibility as a student.
Factors Affecting the Adoption of e-Commerce among Small Medium Enterprises (...Julius Noble Ssekazinga
To investigate and analyse the factors that affect e-commerce adoption among small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Tanzania and the magnitude of these constraints in Tanzania using the systems framework. as researched by Julius Noble Ssekazinga.
Factors Affecting the Adoption of E-Commerce among Small Medium Enterprises (...Julius Noble Ssekazinga
Factors Affecting the Adoption of E-Commerce among Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) In Africa. MBA Thesis / Dissertation in Information sytems Ecomerce in africa by julius ssekazinga noble dissertation
implementation of electronic recordkeeping and management system at Mulago Ho...Julius Noble Ssekazinga
This report shows the implementation of electronic recordkeeping and management system at Mulago Hospital. The report also identifies objects and benefits that will help Mulago save money when the system is in place. Importantly the implementation of an electronic recordkeeping system provides protection against the costs of litigation and enables Mulago Hospital to comply with its legal recordkeeping obligations. By Ssekazinga
Pricing Strategies, Distribution Strategies, Distribution Channels for Crdb bank Tanzania. CRDB Bank was established in 1996 and has grown and prospered over the years to become the most innovative, first choice, and trusted bank in the country. CRDB Bank has beenrecording progressive profit every year since its foundation andhas paid dividends annually
On successful completion of this module the student will be able to:
1. Evaluate the performance of a company using various financial analytical tools.
2. Analyze different patterns of cost behaviour and apply cost-volume-profit analysis to
business decisions..
3. Evaluate divisional performance using both financial and non-financial measures
Critically examine the concept of organizational culture and evaluate its significance on organizational behavior within the Aster Group-
According to Mullins, (2010) Organizational culture is the pattern of values, norms, customs, beliefs, attitudes assumptions and strategies that shape how Aster group deliver its housing services to the people. Aster group culture was based on the promise of improving homes to modern standards whilst keeping rents stable. Other key organizational culture identified in the Aster group included; efficiency, effectiveness, initiative, care, confidence, entrepreneurial, pacesetting, track record, ambitious, adventurous, proactive, innovative and teamwork.
Aster’s organizational leaders developed organization culture over time aiming to focus the organization to the particular goals and objectives while performing its objectives.
A vendor, or a supplier, is a supply chain management term that means anyone who provides goods or services to a company or individuals i.e. WEB ERA Company is the vendor for panacea ERP software.
According to the 2013 UK ERP selection guide, we will need to assess the vendors who are most appropriate to our organization and what size of resources, geographic coverage and breadth of product rage we expect them to have.
According to Mitchell, (2003) and (Marsall, 2002) literature, The Online Library System improves the efficiency of Librarians, Library employees and Users. The Online Library System to be implemented benefits greatly the members and the Librarian of Arusha Technical College. The system provides books catalog and information to members and helps them decide on the books to borrow from the library. The Librarian can keep the books catalog updated all the time so that the members (students and the lecturers) get the updated information all the time.
ATCs’ library system is operated manually by group of people as the manual library system is explained by Ross, Brooks (1992) where many people are involved in the process of managing the library in such a way that to keep records regarding the books & students (borrowers), check the books manually, keep records on issued books, all these things are carried out manually the library has a large content and handling it is also a problem. On the other hand ATC keeps a lot of maintenance workers which costs a lot & it is not efficient for a library. Manual record keeping is also not a reliable method as people tend to forget things. On the borrower’s point of view, in manual system borrower can’t find a book exactly at once as they are not ordered well. Sometimes user might be searching for a book that is not available in the library in such situations people get annoyed or depressed. Therefore there should be a reliable way to manage the library system.
When listening about building new Ventures, Marketplaces ideas are something very frequent. On this session we will discuss reasons why you should stay away from it :P , by sharing real stories and misconceptions around them. If you still insist to go for it however, you will at least get an idea of the important and critical strategies to optimize for success like Product, Business Development & Marketing, Operations :)
Reflect Festival Limassol May 2024.
Michael Economou is an Entrepreneur, with Business & Technology foundations and a passion for Innovation. He is working with his team to launch a new venture – Exyde, an AI powered booking platform for Activities & Experiences, aspiring to revolutionize the way we travel and experience the world. Michael has extensive entrepreneurial experience as the co-founder of Ideas2life, AtYourService as well as Foody, an online delivery platform and one of the most prominent ventures in Cyprus’ digital landscape, acquired by Delivery Hero group in 2019. This journey & experience marks a vast expertise in building and scaling marketplaces, enhancing everyday life through technology and making meaningful impact on local communities, which is what Michael and his team are pursuing doing once more with Exyde www.goExyde.com
Best Crypto Marketing Ideas to Lead Your Project to SuccessIntelisync
In this comprehensive slideshow presentation, we delve into the intricacies of crypto marketing, offering invaluable insights and strategies to propel your project to success in the dynamic cryptocurrency landscape. From understanding market trends to building a robust brand identity, engaging with influencers, and analyzing performance metrics, we cover all aspects essential for effective marketing in the crypto space.
Also Intelisync, our cutting-edge service designed to streamline and optimize your marketing efforts, leveraging data-driven insights and innovative strategies to drive growth and visibility for your project.
With a data-driven approach, transparent communication, and a commitment to excellence, InteliSync is your trusted partner for driving meaningful impact in the fast-paced world of Web3. Contact us today to learn more and embark on a journey to crypto marketing mastery!
Ready to elevate your Web3 project to new heights? Contact InteliSync now and unleash the full potential of your crypto venture!
Salma Karina Hayat is Conscious Digital Transformation Leader at Kudos | Empowering SMEs via CRM & Digital Automation | Award-Winning Entrepreneur & Philanthropist | Education & Homelessness Advocate
What You're Going to Learn
- How These 4 Leaks Force You To Work Longer And Harder in order to grow your income… improve just one of these and the impact could be life changing.
- How to SHUT DOWN the revolving door of Income Stagnation… you know, where new sales come into your magazine while at the same time existing sponsors exit.
- How to transform your magazine business by fixing the 4 “DON’Ts”...
#1 LEADS Don’t Book
#2 PROSPECTS Don’t Show
#3 PROSPECTS Don’t Buy
#4 CLIENTS Don’t Stay
- How to identify which leak to fix first so you get the biggest bang for your income.
- Get actionable strategies you can use right away to improve your bookings, sales and retention.
1.
INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANCY ARUSHA
In Collaboration With
COVENTRY UNIVERSITY (UK)
COURSE : MBA - ITM
MODULE TITLE : PROJECT MANAGEMENT
MODULE CODE : ARUM28EKM
MODULE FACILITATORS : Mwaitete Cairo (PhD), Mr Casmir F. Kitula
ASSIGNMENT : Individual
DATE GIVEN : 03rd
November, 2014
DUE DATE : 5th
December, 2014
STUDENT NAME : Julius Noble Ssekazinga
REGISTRATION NUMBER : MBA-ITM/018/T.2014
2. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
2
PROJECT MANAGEMENT - ITM
Onion Cultivation Project
In Arumeru
Julius noble Ssekazinga
12/4/2014
The project involve the science and art of producing, improving, marketing and using of
onions, in wholesale and retail basing on the preferable grade by the market, the product will
be exported and some of its quantity will be sold on the local market
3. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
3
Executive summary:
The project involve the science and art of producing, improving, marketing and using of
onions, in wholesale and retail basing on the preferable grade by the market, the product will
be exported and some of its quantity will be sold on the local market.
The organization has a 10 acre land where in the first season 6 acres will be cultivated and the
4 acres will be reserved to gain more fertility and the next season the 4 acres will be cultivated
to make an exchange on the other 6 acres to regain fertility.
Project team is comprised mainly by three people Mr Julius the project manager, Mrs Kiwi
assistant project manager and Mr Henry the financial controller of the project, the project
team plans to recruit more project team members in drivers section, security and an
agronomist to manage technical issues.
The initial outlay of the project is 75 million TSHS. Operations expenses will cost 40 million
TSHS. While capital expenses will amount to 35 million TSHS.
Project will comprise of a stock of onion seeds, animal manure, and organic fertilizer. Onions
will be planted on the first month of the project and it will take two other months to reach the
harvest time that will make a total of 3 months to yield the first lot and will probably have to
shift to another plot in order for the previous plot to regain its fertility.
Horticulture plays an important role in improving people’s diets and income-generation for
farmers. Horticulture produce is widely used as source of raw materials for food processing
factories and youths heavily rely on the sub-sector for employment, in Arusha specifically the
organization will be dealing with cultivation of onions as part of horticulture. The region has
high potential for production of temperate and tropical fruits for local and foreign markets.
The average intake of fruits and vegetables in Tanzania is only 40 kg/year per person
compared with an average of 370 kg/year in developed countries. (ministry of agriculture and
food security, 2002)
4. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
4
Contents
Executive summary: ............................................................................................................................ 3
List of abbreviations; ........................................................................................................................... 5
Project donor: ...................................................................................................................................... 5
AVRDC ............................................................................................................................................... 5
SECTION ONE: Project Background ..................................................................................................... 6
Sector Context ..................................................................................................................................... 6
Objectives ........................................................................................................................................ 6
Goal ................................................................................................................................................. 6
Millennium development goals ....................................................................................................... 6
SECTOR POLICIES ........................................................................................................................... 7
SECTION TWO: Project Rationale ........................................................................................................ 8
Problem Analysis ................................................................................................................................ 8
Stakeholders and Target Beneficiaries ............................................................................................ 8
Justification of the Project ................................................................................................................... 8
The Cooperative Development Policy ................................................................................................. 9
SECTION THREE: Project Framework .......................................................................................... 10
Project Impact.................................................................................................................................... 10
Outcomes and Outputs of the Project ................................................................................................ 10
Project Sustainability ......................................................................................................................... 10
Project Risks and Assumptions ......................................................................................................... 11
SECTION FOUR: Implementation and Management Arrangements ................................................... 11
Institutional Framework and Coordination ....................................................................................... 11
Strategy and Methodology ................................................................................................................ 13
Capital Expenditure List ................................................................................................................ 15
Financial Assumption for the Stock List ....................................................................................... 15
Financial Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 16
Financial Assumption for Operation ............................................................................................. 16
Management Salaries: ................................................................................................................... 17
Revenue ......................................................................................................................................... 17
Risk Management .............................................................................................................................. 18
Risk identification: ......................................................................................................................... 18
Risk management plan: ................................................................................................................. 18
Donor Contribution ........................................................................................................................... 18
5. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
5
Total quality management: ............................................................................................................ 18
SECTION FIVE: Oversight, Monitoring, Management Information and Reporting ........................... 19
Monitoring and Knowledge Sharing ................................................................................................. 19
Communication and Visibility .......................................................................................................... 19
Reporting Schedule ........................................................................................................................... 19
LIST OF APPENDICES ....................................................................................................................... 20
ANNEX 1: LOGICAL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................... 20
ANNEX 2: TERMS OF REFERENCE ......................................................................................... 22
ANNEX 3: ACTION PLAN ............................................................................................................. 23
References; ............................................................................................................................................ 24
ANNEX 4: Work Plan ........................................................................................................................... 26
List of abbreviations;
AVRDC- Asian vegetables research and development centre.
TFDA- Tanzania food and drugs authority.
Project Location:
Arusha, Arumeru, Tengeru, AVRDC vegetable world.
Project duration:
5 years project starting January 2015 to January 2020.
Project donor:
AVRDC
6. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
6
SECTION ONE: Project Background
Sector Context
Horticulture begun to gain popularity in Tanzania in the 1990’s, as a part of sub-sector of the
economy in agriculture, in Arusha, Tanzania the organic vegetables such as onions are
inadequate; most of the vegetables are cultivated with the use of pesticides which are lowly
demanded in the market challenges which face the organic vegetable industry includes;
storage, drastic climate changes, disease attacks, pricing of the products. (Kalb, 2012)
Domestic consumption of horticulture products such as onions is lowly reported until in the
late 2000’s when the domestic consumption increased which in turn increased the diet of the
population, encouraged the increase of production and creation of employment opportunities.
(ministry of agriculture and food security, 2002)
Generally horticultural production has not been export oriented since the level of farming
practices is inadequate resulting into low exportable yields, poor quality and high unit costs,
thus rendering the produce non-competitive. (Vakis, 1998)
DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES
Objectives
To establish the prospective of horticulture production, specifically cultivation of
onions in Arusha domestic market and other markets by 2020.
To improve the standard of living of Tanzania citizens through a well-balanced diet
from horticulture products and provision of employment opportunities by 2020.
Goal
Improved economy in Arusha by contribution of horticulture products through development
of effective and integrated field onion chains for domestic and regional market all over the
East Africa.
Millennium development goals
The Tanzania Development Vision (TDV)
The TDV outlines what the society and the economy of Tanzanians would wish to achieve by
the year 2025. The major expectations are a high quality life, peace, stability and unity. It
[predicts Tanzania graduating from least developed to middle income Country by 2025, with
high economic growth of 8 per cent and devoid of abject poverty. The Government is at
reducing the proportion of those living in poverty by 50% by 2010 and eliminating poverty by
7. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
7
2025. Agriculture that includes horticulture is quoted as having the key role in this endeavour.
(security, 2002)
SECTOR POLICIES
The Policy of Decentralization and the Rural Development Policy
The Rural Development Policy sets to address challenges confronting geographical areas in
which primary production takes place and where majority of the population are found. It
therefore addresses a wide range of agricultural, farm and non-farm activities. The policy of
decentralization of responsibilities and resources from the centre to the local democratic
institutions (Regional Administration Act No 19 of 1997) further defined the roles of the
sector ministries including the MAFS and the District Councils. In the case of Horticulture
(Guidelines for MAC-MRALG Interface1999), the roles of the MAC now MAFS include:
Formulation of Horticultural policy
Regulatory function
Importation/selection of planting materials for germplasm conservation,
Dissemination of internal/external market prices
Promotion and coordination of linkages with relevant national and international
institutions with interest in the horticulture industry
Development of legislation for quality control of produce and planting materials
and assessment of socio-economic factors that might influence horticultural
technology uptake and adoption.
The District Councils on the other hand have the following responsibilities:
Collection of production data, area and assessment of potential areas for
expansionPromote the utilization of indigenous fruits, vegetables, spices and flowers
Disseminate post-harvest technologies
Promote establishment of mini orchards of mother trees as a source of planting
materials in seed nurseries
Facilitate formation of production and marketing farmer groups
Establish marketing centres; disseminate horticultural production technologies
Promote private entrepreneurs and rural communities in identifying viable
horticultural activities and address cross-cutting issues that affect the Agriculture.
(security, 2002)
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SECTION TWO: Project Rationale
Problem Analysis
The project will help to create new employment opportunities as well as providing households
with a nutritional range of food stuffs which will eradicate the health problems and save the
households health services costs in addition to that the project will increase the livelihood of
the households in Arusha, especially those of Tengeru where as many of them depend on the
Tengeru market which sells fresh horticulture products such as onions the traders will benefit
by getting the product at cheaper price and will not incur a huge transportation cost burden.
Stakeholders and Target Beneficiaries
Inputs into this project are expected to command results that will affect several important
groups that are involved in decision making at different levels of the project. Beneficiaries of
the project will include the following groups;
i. Donors and Community; the project exists to serve a particular group of people which
are the community. In this project, community has a role of defining the range of
Onion products that are affordable to them. On the other hand, Donors are there to
direct the project in such a way that it yields adequate and timely results on their
investment, thus making them key stakeholders in the project.
ii. Functional Operations team; this is a coordinated team performing their duties in
synchrony in order to achieve a common objective. For this project, duties performed
by the functional management include running day to day operations.
iii. Project Manager; As the individual to whom the project is tasked, he will be
responsible to oversee that all activities are critically performed, project quality and
quantity targets are met, in general, and both Donors and customers are happy.
Justification of the Project
Horticulture has a diversity of cops (vegetables, flowers, spices and fruits) that are able to
provide the household a wider selection of food, thus achieving the nutritional needs.
(Ministry of agriculture and food security 2002)
Vegetables harvested as roots and seed provide a rich source of calories, such as onions and
turnips. (Ministry of agriculture and food security 2002)
Horticultural crops such as onions also provide protein, carbohydrates, minerals and
vitamins. (Ministry of agriculture and food security 2002)
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Migration of people from the rural to urban areas has caused rapid increase of population of
very low income in the cities like Arusha urban. This has been accompanied by a
simultaneous rise in the production of vegetables in home gardens creating job opportunities
for youth and women. When compared to other crops horticultural crops produce more
income per unit area especially tomatoes and onions in Arusha rural that is mainly Arumeru
district. (Ministry of agriculture and food security 2002)
Families tend to eat more fruits and vegetables when they are involved in producing them.
This is why it is necessary to guide families to be involved in this production. (Ministry of
agriculture and food security 2002)
In households where the production is in excess of family need, the surplus is sold at the farm
gate. The revenue accrued from such sales is used in purchasing other family needs including
food. (Ministry of agriculture and food security 2002)
The Cooperative Development Policy
This advocates a change from state controlled cooperatives to ones that are more independent
and wholly controlled by members. It aims at empowering farmers to have stronger
negotiating and bargaining powers in their activities. (security, 2002)
10. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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SECTION THREE: Project Framework
Project Impact
Project will reduce the level of poverty which sync with MKUKUTA policy; In Tanzania,
agricultural value added grew by 4 per cent a year during the last decade. With the high
annual rate of population growth (nearly 3 per cent in many rural regions, as high as 4 per
cent in others) one can’t expect agriculture to help reduce poverty at this rate of growth as the
value added would be sufficient only to cover the increased population. Consequently, there
won’t be any significant improvement in the incomes of the people. This is one of the reasons
behind the stubbornly high poverty rates in Tanzania. (reducing poverty thruogh kilimo
kwanza, 2009)
Outcomes and Outputs of the Project
Creation of employment opportunities by 4% in Arusha region, due to seasonal
employment of casual labourers and security guards by the end of the year 2020.
Improved standard of living and nutrition through, increased consumption of healthy
vegetables such as organic onions, among the house-holds in domestic and regional
borders by 2020.
Increased domestic consumption which will lead to improved dietary status of the
population by at least 15% of more than 600,000 demography of Arusha by 2020.
Project Sustainability
The project is determined to end by 2020, and there is a possibility of continuing the project
to 2022 due to available resources such as land, infrastructure capacity such as the irrigation
system and the fence, the transportation facilities are in place for continuity also the
partnership formed with AVRDC is sustainable and will help the project to be on- going even
after termination or end of its time AVRDC can still use it as a training sample as well as
experimentation centre.
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Project Risks and Assumptions
Poor production organization (inadequate supply of seeds as well as inputs, and poor
research and extension services);
Poor marketing system resulting in quality deterioration and huge post-harvest losses;
Inadequate storage, packing technology and processing facilities which in turn create
gluts and severe shortages of these items during off season;
Poor roads, particularly feeder roads and inadequate and inappropriate transport
availability;
Pests and diseases
Floods
Pastoralism
SECTION FOUR: Implementation and Management Arrangements
Institutional Framework and Coordination
The company has got a board of directors which will help in insuring the company policies
and advice on how the business should go about.
Mr Kelvin Msata, who is an entrepreneur and a middle man in the onion business, will act as
a business management advisor.
Mrs Sarah Mollel, is a human resource manager and market officer at Arumeru district
council will help with human resource management and marketing advisor.
Mr Paul Kiwia, is an accountant at Tengeru hospital and will deal with advising on
accounting and finance.
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Below is the institutional framework and coordination hierarchy for the project;
Mr Julius who is the project manager; will be dealing with project implementation,
planning, monitoring and financial management and also marketing research.
Mrs Kiwi assistant project manager; will be dealing with helping the project manager
to assure the project runs smooth by monitoring the project and implementing the
daily allocated tasks from the project manager.
Mr Henry; the financial controller will be concerned with managing the cash inflows
and cash outflows of the project, calculating the amount that is to be paid to the bank
& its interest rate when the bank loan is due.
Mr Saluum will be the operations manager; mainly concerned with technical and
supporting of the farm activities and will be arranging for transportation of the
required materials or stock.
Donors
Project
Manager
Project
Team
Functional
Management
Customers /
Communities
Project Appraisal and Start-up
Project Development
Project Monitoring and Evaluation
Administration
Agro Technology and Technical
Logistics
Procurement and Supplies
Human Resources
Accounting and Finance
13. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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Strategy and Methodology
The organization has 10 acres and the land will be divided into four equal parts each part will
be comprised of 2.5 acres where the 6 acres will be cultivated on the first season that will be
from January 2015 to march 2015 and the other 4 acres will be left for that season to regain
fertility and to be cultivated in the next season.
Onion seeds will be available in different varieties
Cultivation process will be as follows:
Range of seeds from either IRRICO.CO.LTD, KIBO SEED LTD or East Africa Seed
Company will be arranged first.
Clearing of the land and preparing by ploughing, tilting and levelling.
Plantation of seed separately before transplanting them to the plot. For a month
Isolating the land in four different plots and starting the operation in the first plot,
second plot and part (1/2) of the third plot.
Sort rows of small holes in the soil. We will lay a piece of string on the soil as a guide
to make sure we dig the row in a straight line.
Diggings small and deep holes in a position of about 10 centimetres apart and put
compost manure. Each row will be 20-30 centimetres apart.
Transplant the seed and watering.
Pest management, weed removes and crop protection.
Harvesting, pruning and grading.
The remaining 4 acres will be cultivated using the same procedure but will be after a month
of harvesting the six acres that will be on May 2015.
Activities of the project;
AVRDC on behalf of the organization is inviting an internal or local consultant so as to
monitor the project and write a recommendation report by the end of each year one copy to
AVRDC and another to management of the project.
Activities are such as;
To ensure soil fertility of the land before the project begins.
To ensure a source of water and if the irrigation system is well and readily installed.
14. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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To ensure the seeds which are to be purchased are genuine and recommend seed and
soil fertility sync.
To monitor the cultivated beds as project goes on to write a weekly observation report
and recommended action plans.
Study Agriculture Policy, legislations, rules and regulations (e.g. Pesticide
registration and use) to make sure how the project aligns with such policies. (Ministry
of agriculture and food security 2002)
Identifying strengths and weaknesses of the project.
Identification of existing market constraints of horticulture products specifically
onions.
Identifying and recommending on the planting equipment’s upon their quality and
appropriateness.
Identifying and recommending on the limitations of the irrigation system.
Methodology;
The consultant will be inquiring data and information by frequent visits to the project
location, seed dealers, documentary and report reviews from AVRDC library and interviews
with agronomist team which will be helping in monitoring of the project.
Time schedule;
The consultant will visit the project 3 times in a week where it will be a season of plantation,
and even before that the consultant will visit to ensure the procedures of land preparation are
well done and the irrigation system is well installed.
The AVRDC team of agronomists will be working alongside the consultant and the
consultant will be acting as a group leader, when the project begins at January 2015.
The initial report must be drafted within first 3 weeks of the project stating the progress of
the project and necessary recommendations it should be submitted to AVRDC management
and the project manager by February 1st
week 2015.
15. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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Capital Expenditure List
10 acres of land which cost, one acre is TSHS 900,000.
Farm house which will cost TSHS 1,300,000.
Fencing will cost TSHS 2,000,000.
Build an office room cost TSHS 1,100,000.
Office refurbishment cost TSHS 550,000.
Office instalments (electronic devices) cost TSHS 1,900,000.
Production equipment’s cost TSHS 500,000.
Motor cycle cost TSHS 1,800,000.
Digging 2 wells which each will cost TSHS 300,000 totals to TSHS 600,000.
Irrigation system and water pumps will cost TSHS 1,300,000
Carrying truck TSHS. 10,000,000.
Financial Assumption for the Stock List
Seeds required is 5 packets per acre, 1 packet is TSHS 30,000.for 1 acre it cost TSHS
150,000.total per seven acres is 35 packets which cost TSHS 5250,000.
Pesticide. Boxfen is TSHS 450,000 for 1 litter which is enough for 1 acre × 6 will be
TSHS 315000.Weed master is TSHS 40,000 for one litter which cover 1 acre ×6 will
be TSHS 280,000. selectron two litters per month cost TSHS 120,000 for 1 acre × 6
give a total of TSHS 840,000.Ribomill cost TSHS 60,000 for 1 kg which cover 1
acre×6 will be TSHS 420,000.
Livestock manure two Lorries every week.1 lorry costs TSHS 20000; cost per two
lorry is TSHS 40,000.Cost per month is TSHS 160,000.
Nitrate base fertilizer is TSHS 65,000 for one sack of 50 kg 1 acre × 6 will be TSHS
455,000.Liquid fertilization 45,000 per sack which required for 1 acre ×6 will cost
TSHS 315,000. Booster for 1 acre is 5 litters which cost TSHS 90,000×6 which is
TSHS 630,000.
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Financial Analysis
The project needs TSHS 75 million as total financing and 60% of this will be provided by a
24 month loan from the bank at 20% interest rate per annum, calculated on the reducing
balance. The other 40% will be provided from owner's equity.
The cash balance at the end of 24 months is TSHS 160 million and the project shows an NPV
with a discount rate of 14.4% per annum of TSHS 64 million and a project IRR of 88.8%.
The total savings realized from the Asset Maintenance and Replacement a/c and the
Contingency a/c is TSHS 30 million.
Financial Assumption for Operation
Payment of house rent for office TSHS 30,000 and store TSHS 20,000, total TSHS
50,000 per month, which is TSHS 600,000 per year.
Fuel for carrying track is TSHS for 100,000 and motorcycle is TSHS 50,000 after
every two weeks. Cost for a month will be TSHS 300,000.
Petroleum for irrigation machine twice a week,1acres need 3 litres of petrol ,6 acres
=18litres, for a week will be 36 litres,1 litters=TSHS 2,200, 36litres=TSHS 79,200×4
weeks(month) = TSHS 316,800.Irrigation time approximately per year is 7 month. So
TSHS 336,000 per month × 7 (number of irrigation per year) = TSHS 2,217,600 total
per year.
Stationary cost TSHS 50,000 per month.
Communication, internet bundles TSHS 100,000 and office call charges TSHS 55,000
total TSHS 155,000 per month which is TSHS 1,860,000 per year.
Electricity cost approximately TSHS 20,000 per month and water cost TSHS 10,000,
total is TSHS 30000 per month.
Harvesting, handling and packaging tools TSHS 200,000 for first portion harvest,
TSHS 150,000 for 2nd portion harvest and TSHS 150,000 for 3rd portion harvest.
Total is TSHS 500,000 for 1 batch, which is TSHS 1,000,000 for two harvesting
batch we expect per year.
Packaging material for some amount of product cost TSHS 250,000 for first plot,
TSHS 200,000 for 2nd plot and 200,000 for last plot.
Land preparation and arrangement, cultivation by tractor, ploughing and levelling per
1 acre is TSHS 120,000,for 3 acres (first plot)=TSHS 360,000,raised bed and border
17. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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rows =TSHS 210,000 for the three acres of land which is total TSHS 570,000.Cost for
the second portion of land TSHS 240,000 for cultivating by tractor, ploughing and
levelling is TSHS 140,000 for raised bed and border rows which provide the total of
TSHS 380,000.The third plot of land has the same cost as the second due to the same
size and follow the same procedure, which is TSHS 380,000.
TFDA certification TSHS 30,000.
Municipal license TSHS 300,000.
Management Salaries:
Project manager will be paid 600,000 TSHS per month.
Assistant project manager will be paid 300,000 TSHS per month.
Operations manager will be paid 350,000 TSHS per month.
Accountant/ financial controller will be paid 400,000 TSHS per month.
Security guard will be paid 70,000 TSHS per month.
Casual labourers (4) each will be paid 5,000 TSHS per day.
Revenue
Revenue will be received in batches, 7.5 acres will be harvested at the same time but each plot
which consists of 2.5 acres will generate its batch according to the sales assumptions states
here under;
First plot
Number of
acres
Volume of
production per
acres
Price unit total price per
acre
Total price
both
2.5 7000 kg 15000TSHS
per kg
1500×7000=10
500,000
10500,000×3
=31,500,000
Table: Financial assumption on the revenue for 7.5 cultivated acres
18. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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Risk Management
Risk identification:
Theft.
Destruction from pastoralism.
Disease attack from pests.
Drought, lack of enough rainfall.
Crop distortion after harvesting.
Risk management plan:
Theft; will be managed by installing a wire fence across the whole area of the farm which
will cost TSHS 2,000,000. Hiring a security guard whom will be paid TSHS 70,000 per
month, which totals TSHS 840,000 per year.
Destruction from pastoralism; will be managed by the wire fence installed around the farm.
Disease attacks from pests; spying of pesticides which totals amount of TSHS 1,260,000, per
annum.
Drought; will be managed by installing irrigation systems to irrigate across the cultivated
portion on the farm which will cost TSHS 1,300,000.
Crop distortion after harvesting; will be managed by immediate sales & marketing strategies
and preserving the crops in a storage facility.
Total cost per year to manage the risks will be TSHS 5,400,000
Donor Contribution
Total quality management:
Quality management ensures that an organization’s product is consistent in such major
components as quality planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement,
since the project will be conducted at AVRDC; it is a principal international centre for
vegetable research and development in the world, a team of experts from AVRDC will be
donating knowledge to the project by ensuring the total quality management of the project
products.
19. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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SECTION FIVE: Oversight, Monitoring, Management Information and
Reporting
Monitoring and Knowledge Sharing
For the project to be effectively managed, a team of agronomists from AVRDC will be
gathering, analysing and reporting the information about the crops progress as time goes on
during the plantation season; the weekly reports from the agronomist will be presented to the
project manager in order for him to make decisions on how the project is going and
enhancement of the organization and development learning.
Internal monitoring will be mainly conducted by the assistant project manager who will be
responsible to ensure the project deadlines are met; project budget is followed to make an
analysis of various financial transactions, projects activities and expected outputs are met or
are on the standard set and then submit a weekly report to the project manager.
Communication and Visibility
All activities and outputs of the project must be written in a report where by the project
manager must read the report and must be able to verify all the details that were reported and
a monthly meeting must be set between the management and the board of directors to review
the reports and the project status.
All financial transactions must have objective evidence such as receipts and invoices this is to
portray the visibility of the project and this information should be accessed by any
management member and members from board of directors and in the end of one accounting
period the financial controller from the board of directors will audit and advise on how the
financial aspects of the project are on-going.
Reporting Schedule
Weekly reports will be written by agronomists from AVRDC on the progress of the crops and
amount of water in the soil and the nutrients if there is any insufficiency or if the water is too
much upon the three months of a season of cultivation the agronomist will check in twice a
week and write the report to the project manager by the end of the week.
Internally the monitoring report will be written by the assistant project manager which will be
reflecting the activities conducted, output if any and accounting for all financial transactions
and during the harvesting period the operations manager will write a report on how the
organization resources were utilized, during the plantation season in the end of every month a
meeting will be set between management and board of directors to discuss and review all
reports.
20. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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LIST OF APPENDICES
ANNEX 1: LOGICAL FRAMEWORK
Narrative summary Verifiable
indicators
Means of
verification
Important
assumptions
Goal: Improved economy in
Arusha through contribution of
horticulture products, through
development of effective and
integrated field onion chains for
domestic and regional market all
over the East Africa.
1.) Gross
domestic
product.
2.) Per capita
income.
Increased
per capita
income of
Arusha
region.
Millenniu
m
developm
ent goals
report.
East
African
communit
y annual
report
2020
AVRDC
annual
report
2020
Poor
transpor
tation
systems.
Low
technol
ogy
storage
facilitie
s.
Market
fluctuati
ons.
Price
fluctuati
ons.
Inflatio
n.
Purpose: Toimprove the standard
of living of Tanzania citizens
through a well-balanced diet from
horticulture products and provision
of employment opportunities by
2020.
1) Life
expectanc
y.
2) Project
output.
3) National
health
statistics.
4) National
bureau of
statistics.
National
bureau of
statistics
report by
2022.
National
health
statistics
report by
2020
East
African
communit
y facts
and
figures
report by
2018.
Market
constrai
nts.
Pests
and
diseases
attack.
Inflatio
n
Climate
changes
Budget
constrai
nts
To establish the prospective of
horticulture production,
specifically cultivation of onions
Arusha
region
socio-
21. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
21
in Arusha domestic market and
other markets by 2020.
economic
profile
Outputs:
Creation of employment
opportunity by 4% in
Arusha.
Improved standard of
living through healthy
nutrition.
1) National
bureau of
statistics.
2) Regional
commissi
oner’s
office
report
2018.
National
bureau of
statistics
Tanzania
in figures
2018
report.
Budget
constrai
nts.
Land
clashes.
Casual
labourer
s
change
of
attitude.
Activities:
Writing up the
project
proposal.
Submitting the
proposal to
AVRDC
management.
Securing a loan
from the
commercial
bank.
Negotiating
price with the
seed providers.
Preparation and
fencing of the
land.
Training the
management
team and
recruiting of
casual
labourers.
Obtaining
TFDA permit
and regional
commissioner’s
permit.
Monitoring and
evaluation.
1) Presence
of a
certified
project
proposal
document
.
2) AVRDC
acceptanc
e for
project
initiation
letter.
3) Availabili
ty of a
credit
account.
4) Pro forma
invoice
from seed
companie
s.
5) Fencing
of
cultivated
land.
6) Availabili
ty of the
organizati
on
managem
ent
training
certificate
.
Project
proposal.
Loan
from the
bank.
Invoice
from
Seed
Company
.
Trained
managem
ent
employee
.TFDA
certificate
copy of
permit
and
regional
commissi
oner’s
office
copy of
certificate
.
Rejectio
n of the
proposa
l draft
by the
bank or
AVRD
C.
Bank to
provide
a loan
with a
very
high
interest
rate.
Failure
to
deliver
the
seeds on
time
from
Seed
Compan
y.
Absenc
e of a
manage
ment
member
from the
training.
Delay
from
TFDA
22. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
22
7) TFDA
permit.
8) Monitorin
g and
evaluatio
n reports.
and
regional
commis
sioner’s
office to
issue
the
certifica
tes.
ANNEX 2: TERMS OF REFERENCE
Position Title Number of
People
Required Skills Duties & Responsibilities
Project Manager 1 Project
management
Asset utilization
Project direction
and supervision
Quality control
Monitoring and
evaluation
Supervising project operations
during implementation
Ensure adherence to project
implementation policies and
regulations
Maximize asset utilization in
project management
Regular reporting to project
stakeholders
Ensuring satisfaction of all
parties to the project
Assistant Project
manager and
financial controller
2 Project
Management
Human
Resources
Management
Liaison and
administration
Finance and
accounting
management
Ensure that project start-up
timeline is specifically adhered
to; acquiring sponsors,
funding, and related activities
Work in liaison with other
specific groups to achieve
targets
Functional
Management
Depending on
handling
capability of the
department
Skills based on
specific
department
Involved in ensuring smooth
running of daily operations
Report on a daily basis to
specific project departments
for monitoring and evaluation
23. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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ANNEX 3: ACTION PLAN
Proposed
action
Milestone
task
Responsible
person
Determined
time
Success
indicator
progress
Written
project
proposal
Have the
project well
written and
proof read
Project
manager
September
2014-
October 2014
Accepted
project
proposal by
the bank on
October 2014
Meeting of
the project
manager and
loan officer
being
successful
Securing a
loan from a
commercial
bank
To have a
current
account in
the bank the
loan is
secured
Project
manager
October 2014 Accepted
loan request,
with an
established
bank account
Meeting
between the
branch
manager,
loan bank
officer and
project
manager is
successful
Obtaining the
best seeds
dealer and
negotiating
price with
them
To obtain an
invoice
Financial
controller
and assistant
project
manager
November
2014
An invoice
with
affordable
negotiated
prices
Meeting
between
assistant
project
manager and
seed dealer
Obtaining
TFDA permit
To have a
certified
document
from TFDA
Assistant
project
manager
December
2014
TFDA
certificate
stating that
the farming
can
commence
Meeting
between
assistant
project
manager and
TFDA officer
Commencing
of cultivation
Cultivation
of the land
Assistant
project
January
2015- March
On-going
cultivation
Hiring of
casual
24. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
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activities manager,
operations
manager,
AVRDC
team
members and
casual
labourers
2015 and sowing
of the seeds
labourers
References;
policy forums, (2009). reducing poverty through kilimo kwanza. Dar-es-salaam:
Kalb, S. S. (2012). Suggested cultural practice for onions. AVRDC training guide, 1-6.
ministry of agriculture and food security.security, m. o. (2002). study on the development of
horticulture in Tanzania. Dar-es-Saalam:
Vakis, N. (1998). Export Development and promotion Horticultural products. World Bank.
Boyhan, G., D. Granberry, & T. Kelley. 2001. Onion production guide, vegetable team production
[Bulletin 1198]. Athens: University of Georgia Cooperative Extension Service.
H.H. Ogaz, N. Bowman, & P. Barnes. 1972. Alternative farm organizational structures for the Navajo
Indian Irrigation Project: Projected cropping patterns, livestock enterprise, processing
activities, capital requirements, employment, income, and training
needs [Special Report 17]. Las Cruces: New Mexico State
University Agricultural Experiment Station.
Gorman, W.D., T.S. Clevenger, R.R. Lansford, W.H. Trego, J.E.
Williams, E.J. Gregory, J.M. Jordan, & H.H. Ogaz. 1973.
Costs, returns, and capital requirements of selected crops for the Navajo Indian Irrigation Project
[Research Report 256]. Las Cruces: New Mexico State University Agricultural Experiment Station
26.
ANNEX 4: Work Plan
Work Plan, Monitoring and Description of Project Components and Activities
YEAR YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5
ACTIVITY Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Responsibility
Form Coordination
Committee
Project
Manager
Open a Project Account Project
Accountant
Recruit Staff Project
Manager
List and Map Project Areas Project
Manager /
AVRDC
Purchases Project
Manager /PO
Mobilize Community Project
Manager
Develop Individual Projects Project
Manager /
27. Onion Cultivation Project - Project management – Julius Noble Ssekazinga
27
AVRDC
Inventory of the
Community
AVRDC
/HRO
Form and Strengthen
existing Structures
Project
Manager
Construct Stores PM
Media Campaigns PM/PO
Procure Improved Seeds Project
Manger
Train Communities in
Horticulture
Project
Manger
Train Youth and Women in
development skills to tap
Agriculture potential
Project
Manager
Development of Logos and
Emblems
Project
Manager
Linkage and Partnerships
with other organization
tourist markets
PM
Monthly Coordination and
meeting
PM/Staff
Key: PM= Project Manager, PA= Project Accountant, PO=Procurement Officer, HRO=Human Resource Officer