Cicero writes a letter to his friend Marius, who has been ill, about an elaborate spectacle or event that Cicero recently attended. In the letter, Cicero suggests that Marius was fortunate to have missed the event due to his illness, as Cicero believes Marius would not have enjoyed it based on their shared tastes. Cicero wishes Marius well and hopes he is using his time for leisure and recovery productively. The letter is written in a light, friendly tone as Cicero updates his friend on the event and expresses care for Marius's health and well-being.

1. by: Marcus Tullius Cicero

2. Grammar Review
Directions: Choose the correct answer inside
the parentheses.
The ability to be (attune, attuned)
to and aware of others is an essential element
of the social communication required for
healthy development. As a child (grow,
grows), he becomes more aware of the
complexities of others by watching, listening,
and (form, forming) friendships.

3. Idiom of the Day
drop someone a line – write a
letter to someone.
Tag. translation: sumulat sa iba

4. Vocabulary Building Activity
• cavalry- /’ka-val-re/
meaning: n. part of an army that had soldiers who rode
horses.
Tagalog translation: kabalyerya
Synonym: horsemen
• extravaganza –/’ik-stra-vƏ-gan-zƏ/
meaning: n. a very large and exciting show or event
Tagalog translation: marangyang palabas
Synonyms: pageant, circus
Antonyms: simple, plain

5. • hoarse- /’hors/
adj. having a harsh or rough sound or
voice
Tagalog translation: namamaos,
namamalat
Synonyms: husky, scratchy
Sentence: A soldier who has a hoarse
voice drop us a line to invite us for an
extravaganza presenting the cavalry of
the Roman Empire.

6. Idiom of the Day:
drop someone a line- write a letter to
someone
Vocabulary
 cavalry- n. part of an army that had
soldiers who rode horses.
extravaganza –n. a very large and exciting
show or event.
 hoarse-adj. having a harsh or rough
sound or voice

7. Write About
Directions: Proofread the given paragraph.
developing aware ness requires
experiences rich in diveristy . Spending
Time with people of different age,
interests, ethnicities, and with distinct
strengths and vulnerabilities. each
relationship adds to an internal
Catalogue that we use form our view of
the world.

8. Video Watching

9. Objectives
1. Analyze tone in a given
selection.
2. Exhibit awareness of what’s
happening in the society.
3. Present a role play, infomercial
and talk show about awareness.

10. On the Theater
by: Marcus Tullius Cicero
(Narrative Essay)
Language in Literature
World Literature
Pages 47-49

11. Marcus Tullius Cicero
(106 BC – 43 BC) was
a Roman philosopher,
politician, lawyer,
orator, political
theorist, consul and
constitutionalist.
Cicero was politically
ambitious who fought
a long uphill battle to
become Rome’s
leading statesman.

12. “Who was Marius friend
whom Cicero defended
on a trial?”

13. Read with your eyes,
not with your lips.

14. “Who was Marius friend
whom Cicero defended
on a trial?”

15. Video Watching

16. Comprehension Questions

17. Comprehension Questions
 How does Cicero feel about the elaborate
presentation he attended?
 Do you think Cicero and Marius had
common tastes?
 How do you think did Marius feel after
reading Cicero’s letter?
 If you were Cicero would you also wrote a
letter for your sick friend? Explain.

18. 1. If you missed the games
because of ill health, you were
more lucky than wise. But if
you were feeling well, and
decided that these much
admired spectacles are not
worth attending , you deserve
double congratulations.

19. 2. I must say that the
games were most
elaborate, but if your
taste is anything like
mine, you would not
have enjoyed them.

20. 3. My good wishes
suppose that you are
spending your leisure to
good advantage. Left
alone in a beautiful
setting.

21. Tone
Tone is the author’s attitude toward
the writing his characters, the
situation and the readers. Tone is set
by the setting, choice of vocabulary
and other details.

22. Words that Describe Tone
 Amused
 Humorous
 Pessimistic
 Angry
 Playful
 Cheerful
 Ironic
 Horror
 Light
 Sad
 Serious
 Formal
 Suspicious
 Gloomy
 Optimistic
 Witty
 Sorrowful
 Mysterious

23. Tone Moodvs.

24. Tone vs. Mood
Tone is the feeling
the author meant to
set in the story or
towards the
subject.
-the way feelings
are expressed.
Mood is the
emotions that the
reader feels while
he is reading.
-the overall feeling
of the work .

25. 2.Gerry kicked
and threw the
poor cat out of
the house.
MOOD: the reader felt
pitiful towards the cat
and furious to Gerry.
TONE: Gerry is angry
to the cat.

26. Read the following
paragraphs and
determine the tone by
choosing the letter of
the correct answer.
Directions

27. 1. Vaccine is a preparation of killed or
weakened germs that is injected under
the skin and causes the blood to produce
antibodies against the disease. Effective
vaccines, for instance, have been
developed for small pox, rabies, and
polio.
a. objective
b. arrogant
c. regretful

28. 2. We have come together this afternoon to
mourn the deaths of sixteen miners—our
friends and neighbors—who were trapped by
fire yesterday, deep below the earth. They lived
bravely and they died too soon, leaving behind
grieving wives and bewildered children. We bid
them a final farewell.
a. forgiving
b. sorrowful
c. angry

29. 3. Why do these things always happen to
me?,Brad wondered. First I forget an
important meeting, and nobody reminds
me until it’s over. Then my boss
dumps a big project on my desk and wants
it done by yesterday. And to top
everything off, I leave my wallet on the
bus.
a. comic
b. self-pitying
c. optimistic

30. Formative
Assessment

31. Directions:
Read the following
situations and
determine the tone by
writing the letter of the
correct answer.

32. 1. Each year in the middle of February,
when slush is underfoot and the sky is a
depressing gray, I begin dreaming of
warm beaches, tropical fruits and
sunsets. If only I could save enough for a
winter vacation! Maybe next year I’ll win
the lottery. Meanwhile, I’ll read travel
brochures and sigh.
a. unsure
b. joyous
c. longing

33. 2. We are seriously failing our nation’s
teenagers when it comes to education
concerning AIDS. Somehow we must
convince them, without delay, that this
terrible illness can happen to them, not
just too isolated groups in big cities. Let’s
give them the information they need to
protect themselves—before it’s too late.
a. impassioned
b. worried
c. ironic

34. 3. What’s the matter with those idiots in
the city council? First they pass new
parking regulations saying we can’t park
our cars in front of our own houses
without a special permit. Now they’ve
gone and slapped another tax on gas
purchase—just to widen a road that’s
already wide enough.
a. objective
b. angry
c. surprised

35. 4. Another public figure has come forward to
announce he has signed into an addiction-
treatment center to deal with his alcohol problems.
Reports say he has shown courage and honesty.
Perhaps so, but what it really takes to enter a
treatment center is money. What about the poor
man, like my father, who may also have a drinking
problem—and courage—but who doesn’t happen to
have P 500,000.00 a day for a fancy rest home?
a. bitter
b. revengeful
c. sentimental

36. 5. Often you feel you’ve done nothing
when you’ve actually done a lot. That’s
because what you did seemed beneath
notice—it was so small that it
didn’t “count.” But it did—just as each
stitch counts toward a finished dress,
each brick or nail toward a house you can
live in, each mistake toward knowing how
to do things right.
a. hesitant
b. encouraging
c. amused

37. 6 Facets of Understanding Questions
 Explanation: What is the key concept of the
selection?
 Interpretation: What does the selection reveal about
the essence of being aware of societal problems that
might affect all of us?
 Application: How can you use the value of
attentiveness to overcome life’s challenges?
 Perspective: How is Cicero similar or different from
your friends?
 Empathy: What was the selection trying to make us
feel and see?
 Self-knowledge: How can you best show awareness in
your day-to-day life?

38. Group Enrichment Activities
 Group 1 and 2: Present a role play about the
essence of being mindful of what’s
happening in your community.
 Group 3 and 4: Present an infomercial on
how to show awareness in your own little
ways.
 Group 5 and 6: Present a talk show about
the advantages and disadvantages of being
watchful of current problems in the society.

39. Objectives
1. Analyze tone in a given
selection.
2. Exhibit awareness of what’s
happening in the society.
3. Present a role play, infomercial
and talk show about awareness.

40. Thank you for
listening