1. The document discusses the concept of proactivity versus reactivity, based on Stephen Covey's work. It states that proactive people make conscious choices based on values rather than feelings and are prepared to respond to events, while reactive people blame outside factors and are caught off guard.
2. Key aspects of proactivity include focusing one's energy on issues within one's circle of influence rather than concerns outside of it, taking initiative to make things happen, and developing self-awareness through creating a personal mission statement and goals.
3. Examples are given of both reactive and proactive behaviors in politics to illustrate the differences between the approaches.