Techshore Inspection Services, (An ISO 9001-2008 certified Organisation) since its inception in the year 2006, has been a leading engineering service provider, offers a wide range of innovative services, engineering solutions, and professional training in the field of Oil and Gas, Power and other major industries in the disciplines of Mechanical, Civil, Instrumentation and NDT(Concrete NDT/Mechanical).

1. OIL&GAS

2. INTRODUCTION
 Oil & Gas Industry is one of the richest Industries and is amongst the
core industries in India.
 It plays a vital role in influencing decisions across other important
spheres of the economy.
 India has been among the world’s fastest growing economies and with
growing economy comes an increasing demand for energy.
 If current trends continue, India will be the world’s third largest
energy consumer by 2020.

3. COURSE
 The emphasis of this course is on Oil production facilities from
the well completions to the delivery of a specification crude oil
product to the refinery.
 Both onshore and offshore facilities are discussed.
 Produced water treating and water injection, Gas injection
and various types of EOR systems are also covered.
 Solution gas and non-associated gas handling processes, NGL
and LPG recovery, handling, and Process equipment isolation
procedure will be discussed at a relatively high level.

4. (Conti..)
In addition to the engineering aspects of oil
and gas production facilities,
 static & rotating equipment,
 practical operating problems and
 trouble shootings
 emulsion treatment
 chemical handling
 sand handling
 dealing with wax
 Asphaltanes

5. EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
(1): OIL TRAPS
 Some rocks are permeable and allow oil and gas to freely
pass through them
 Other rocks are impermeable
and block the upward
passage of oil and gas
 Where oil and gas rises up
into a dome (or anticline)
capped by impermeable rocks
it can’t escape.This is one
type of an OilTrap.
Impermeable
Permeable
DomeTrap

6. EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
(2): RESERVOIR ROCKS
 The permeable strata in an oil trap
is known as the Reservoir Rock
 Reservoir rocks have lots of
interconnected holes called pores.
These absorb the oil and gas like a
sponge.
As oil migrates it fills up the pores
(oil-filled pores shown in black)

7. EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
(3): SEISMIC SURVEYS
Drill here!
•Seismic surveys are used to locate likely rock
structures underground in which oil and gas might be found
• Shock waves are fired into the ground.These bounce off
layers of rock and reveal any structural domes that might
contain oil

8. EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
(4): DRILLING THE WELL
• Once an oil or gas prospect has
been identified, a hole is drilled to assess the potential
 The cost of drilling is very great.
On an offshore rig, it may cost
$10,000 for each meter drilled.
 A company incurs vast losses
for every “dry hole” drilled

9. EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
(5): ENHANCED RECOVERY
•Although oil and gas are less
dense than water and naturally
rise up a well to the surface,
in reality only 40-50% of the
total will do so.
•To enhance recovery, a hole
is drilled adjacent to the well
and steam is pumped down.The
hot water helps to push the oil out
of the rock and up into the well.

10. EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
(6): TRANSPORT
•Once extracted oil and
gas must be sent to a
refinery for processing
• Pipelines transport
most of the world’s oil
from well to refinery
• Massive OilTankers
also play an important
role in distribution
Trans-Alaskan Pipeline

11. EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
(7): AT THE REFINERY
Oil refinery
Car fuel
Jet fuel
Road tar
Distillation
Plant
• Before it can be used crude oil must be refined.
• Hydrocarbons can be separated using distillation, which
produces different fractions (or types) of oil and gas

12. FACILITIES
 Exercises requiring projects are utilized
throughout the course inTechshore
 laboratory attached to class rooms
 onsite training programs intended to
complement the gas / oil treatment and process
 focused on the gas handling side of upstream oil
& Gas production facilities area.

13. THANKS……!