The document provides definitions for various terms related to measurement instruments: - An odometer measures distance traveled by a vehicle, while a tripmeter can be reset to measure parts of a journey. - Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true value, while precision means an instrument gives consistent results. - Range is the maximum and minimum values an instrument can measure. Sensitivity is the smallest change it can detect.

1. NAME : ADRI RAHADIAN S
CLASS : 2-A
NIM : 111611003
http://www.slideshare.net/adri_rahadian

2. Task 1
Odometer :
An odometer or odograph is an instrument that
indicates distance traveled by a vehicle, such as a
bicycle or automobile. The device may be
electronic, mechanical, or a combination of the two.
Tripmeter :
Most modern cars include a trip meter (trip
odometer). Unlike the odometer, a trip meter is
reset at any point in a journey, making it possible to
record the distance traveled in any particular
journey or part of a journey.

3. Odometer & Tripmeter
After reaching the maximum reading, an odometer or
trip meter restarts from zero, called odometer
rollover.

5. Task 2
Accuracy :
The difference between a measurement reading and the
true value of that measurement.
Precision :
The degree to which an instrument will repeat the same
measurement over a period of time.
Precision is the ability to produce the same result from the
repeated measurement and identical measuring. accuracy
measure is the amount of random error.
Range :
The limit of measurement values that an instrument is
capable of reading. The dimension being measured must fit
inside this range or Absolute magnitude of a measurement
of a measuring instrument.
For exmp:
Range: 0-0,1; 0,25; 0,5; 1; 2,5; 5; 10; 25; inci WC
0-±0,1; 0,25; ±0,5; ±1; ±2,5; ±5 inci WC.

6. Subdivision :
Subdivision is an area or part of something which is
itself a part of something larger. Subdivision in
measurement system is an units smaller than other
units in the same process variable.
Example : an angle have number of 360 degree of in
one complete rotation. At each level have 60
subdivision called minute and at each minute have 60
subdivision called second.
Error :
The amount of deviation from a standard or
specification. Errors should be eliminated in the
measuring process.

7. Hysteresis :
The delay between the action and reaction of a
measuring instrument. Hysteresis is the amount of
error that results when this action occurs.
Stability :
The ability of a measuring instrument to retain its
calibration over a long period of time. Stability
determines an instrument's consistency over time.
Repeatability :
The ability to obtain consistent results when
measuring the same part with the same measuring
instrument.

8. Sensitivity :
Sensitivity is the smallest change in a
measurement that an instrument is capable of
detecting.
Resolution :
The smallest change in a measured value that
the instrument can detect. Resolution is also
known as sensitivity.

9. Thermocouple :
A thermocouple consists of two conductors of different
materials (usually metal alloys) that produce a voltage in the
vicinity of the point where the two conductors are in contact.
The voltage produced is dependent on, but not necessarily
proportional to, the difference of temperature of the junction
to other parts of those conductors. Thermocouples are a
widely used type of temperature sensor for measurement and
control and can also be used to convert a temperature gradient
into electricity.
RTD :
Resistance thermometers, also called resistance temperature
detectors (RTDs), are sensors used to measure temperature by
correlating the resistance of the RTD element with
temperature. The RTD element is made from a pure material
whose resistance at various temperatures has been
documented. The material has a predictable change in
resistance as the temperature changes; it is this predictable
change that is used to determine temperature.

10. Thermocouple connected to
a multimeter displaying room
temperature in °C.

11. Pressure Transmitter :
A pressure transmitter helps to accomplish two
specific goals. First, pressure instruments
monitor the amount of pressure applied to a
part of the process that is required in order to
achieve the desired result.
Data logging :
The process of using a computer to collect data
through sensors, analyze the data and save and
output the results of the collection and analysis.
Data logging also implies the control of how the
computer collects and analyzes the data.

13. Valve :
Mechanical or electromechanical device by
which the flow of a gas, liquid, slurry, or
loose dry material can be
started, stopped, diverted, and/or
regulated.
The type of valve (looked from function)
include :
Hidraulic Valve
Pneumatic Valve
Manual Valve
Selenoid Valve
Motor Valve

15. ADC :
An analog-to-digital
converter (abbreviated ADC, A/D or A to D) is a
device that uses sampling to convert
a continuous quantity to a discrete time
representation in digital form. The reverse
operation is performed by a digital-to-analog
converter (DAC).
DAC :
a digital-to-analog converter (DAC or D-to-A) is
a device that converts a digital (usually binary)
code to an analog
signal (current, voltage, or electric charge).
An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) performs
the reverse operation.

16. 4-channel stereo multiplexed 8-channel digital-to-analog
analog-to-digital converter converterCirrus Logic CS4382
WM8775SEDS made as used in a soundcard.
by Wolfson
Microelectronics placed on
an X-Fi Fatal1ty Prosound
card.