Abstract— There is a dearth of research work and scarcity of availability of data on psychiatric morbidity among railway employees in India. Present hospital based observational descriptive study was carried out at medical OPD of Central Hospital of Northern Western Railway, Jaipur with the specific aims to study occupational attributes of common psychiatric disorders. Total 450 randomly selected individuals were screened for psychiatric morbidities by using Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview-PLUS. Psychiatric diagnosis confirmed by two psychiatrists separately using the ICD, 10th revision (diagnostic and research criteria). A self designed, pre-tested & semi-structured detailed Performa was used to elicit demographical and occupational attributes. Univariate analysis was carried out initially to identify risk factors. The data was analyzed in terms of descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and stepwise binary logistic regression by using SPSS and Primer Version ‘6’. Most common diagnosed psychiatric disorders were Neurotic, stress related and somatoform disorders (28%), followed by mood disorders (25.56%). Common Psychiatric Disorders (CPD) i.e. depression, anxiety and somatoform disorders were the most common diagnosed psychiatric morbidities (49.78%). Working in rotatory shifts, perceived problems related to shift duties and stress in the working environment, work experience more than 20 years and non-executive type job were observed as the occupational risk factors for common psychiatric disorders. The present observations suggest that there is scope for psychiatric intervention for the management of perceived stress at work place, problems related to shift duties and other occupational challenges.
BPOs (Business Process Outsourcing) are typically categorized
into back office outsourcing or non-voice sector and front office
outsourcing or voice based sector. While the non-voice process
includes data encoding, database development, market research,handling of credit billing problems, loan processing, account management etc, the voice sector is oft en interchangeably referred to as the ‘Call Centre industry’ because the service entails interactive communication with the client or customers over the telephone.
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Background: Work related stress is very important issue among workers. It causes many different health problems. Coping strategies are key factors for dealing with and controlling job stress. The Brief Stress Coping Profile (BSCP) is documented to assess coping profiles of workers.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to adapt the BSCP scale to Turkish and to investigate its psychometric propertiesamong textile workers.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/cojnh/fulltext/COJNH.000508.php
COJ Nursing & Healthcare: Crimson Publishers
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers
Please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For More Articles on COJ Nursing & Healthcare
Please click on: https://crimsonpublishers.com/cojnh/
Background: Behavioral health conditions are prevalent among patients in inpatient medical settings and when not adequately treated contribute to diminished treatment outcomes and quality of life. Substantial evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of psychological interventions in addressing behavioral health conditions in a range of settings but, to a lesser extent with psychologically-based interventions delivered in inpatient medical settings. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to increase attention on psychological interventions being delivered to patients across a broad spectrum of medical specialties in inpatient medical settings to support the implementation of interventions to address increasing patient needs. Methods: This selected, brief review of the literature sought to describe published psychologically-based interventions delivered in inpatient medical settings. A search for studies catalogued on PubMed from 2007 to 2016 was examined and studies were included in the review if they were delivered within inpatient medical settings. Two reviewers independently assessed relevant studies for criteria. Results: A total of ten articles met the inclusion criteria with interventions targeting outcomes across four primary domains: 1) pain and fatigue; 2) cognition; 3) affective/emotional and; 4) self-harm. Several articles support interventions grounded in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and brief psychological interventions. Most studies reported favorable outcomes for the interventions relative to controls. Conclusions: Psychologically-based interventions, especially those that integrate components of cognitive-behavioral therapy and a multidisciplinary approach, can be implemented in inpatient medical settings and may promote improved patient outcomes. However, the quality of this evidence requires formal assessment, requiring more comprehensive reviews are needed to replicate findings and clarify effectiveness of interventions.
Abstract— If job satisfaction is there in employees, work done by these employees is usually of better quality in comparison where the employees are not satisfied with their jobe. So this study to assess job satisfaction and influence of demographic variables on job satisfaction, this study was carried out on 105 doctors of teaching hospitals. Questionnaire method of data collection was adopted. Job satisfaction was measured by six domains: Organizational functioning, Interpersonal relationship, Financial incentives, Non-financial incentives, Physical facilities and Working conditions. Study observed that over all, doctors were moderately satisfied with their job. Domains such as Interpersonal relationship and Working conditions, doctors were highly satisfied, whereas rest of the domains: Organizational functioning, Financial incentives, Non-financial incentives, and Physical facilities doctors were moderately satisfied. It is important to note that even though overall satisfaction is moderate, there were few components, where doctors were highly satisfied were - Communication system between patients and doctors, Involvement in decision making in the department, Rules and regulations of the institution, relationship between the department colleagues and other department colleagues, Provision for leave encashment, reward given for research work, workload of clinical aspect and workload of teaching aspect. Age and sex both shown significant association on level of satisfaction where as experience, designation and marital status of the doctors have not shown significant association.
The Exploration of Emotional Exhaustion in Developing Patient Safety Culture ...AI Publications
Providing patient safety in healthcare organizations has become an important and urgent issue globally. Understanding medical staff’s perceptions toward patient safety enable hospital managers to monitor safety situations for patients. The current study aims to further identify the role of emotional exhaustion plays in establishing patient safety culture by conducting the Chinese version of Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ). A total of 256 valid questionnaires were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to demonstrate the relationships between emotional exhaustion and six patient safety culture dimensions. The results illustrated that stress recognition and job satisfaction had positive and negative effects on emotional exhaustion, respectively. Hospital managers should pay more efforts to these two important elements to reduce the occurrence of preventable medical accidents and ensure the safety of patients.
Client satisfaction towards quality of health services an assessment at prima...Zubia Qureshi
This survey designed to evaluate the satisfaction level and the factors that affect the patient satisfaction regarding health care delivery services with the aim to improve the services in the primary health care settings of Gujranwala. A Cross Sectional Study done on randomly selected patients attending the basic health units of Gujranwala, with more than18 years of age. Pretested structured “Liker scale questionnaire” was used for data collection. Out of total respondents, 62 (41.3%) clients were satisfied with the services provided by the basic health units of Gujranwala. The factors identified to determine patient satisfaction were accessibility of services, behavior of staff, health education, level of cleanliness, drug availability and miscellaneous services. Not a single ranked area of satisfaction noticed. Client’s occupation and income had significant relationship with the patient satisfaction level. Gender, age, and education of clients were not contributing factors; they not affect the client satisfaction level. Less than half clients were satisfied with the services provided by the basic health units. Management of health facilities needs to improve the services.
Psychiatric Morbidity in Patients with Lower Limb Long Bone Fractureiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
BPOs (Business Process Outsourcing) are typically categorized
into back office outsourcing or non-voice sector and front office
outsourcing or voice based sector. While the non-voice process
includes data encoding, database development, market research,handling of credit billing problems, loan processing, account management etc, the voice sector is oft en interchangeably referred to as the ‘Call Centre industry’ because the service entails interactive communication with the client or customers over the telephone.
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Background: Work related stress is very important issue among workers. It causes many different health problems. Coping strategies are key factors for dealing with and controlling job stress. The Brief Stress Coping Profile (BSCP) is documented to assess coping profiles of workers.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to adapt the BSCP scale to Turkish and to investigate its psychometric propertiesamong textile workers.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/cojnh/fulltext/COJNH.000508.php
COJ Nursing & Healthcare: Crimson Publishers
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers
Please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For More Articles on COJ Nursing & Healthcare
Please click on: https://crimsonpublishers.com/cojnh/
Background: Behavioral health conditions are prevalent among patients in inpatient medical settings and when not adequately treated contribute to diminished treatment outcomes and quality of life. Substantial evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of psychological interventions in addressing behavioral health conditions in a range of settings but, to a lesser extent with psychologically-based interventions delivered in inpatient medical settings. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to increase attention on psychological interventions being delivered to patients across a broad spectrum of medical specialties in inpatient medical settings to support the implementation of interventions to address increasing patient needs. Methods: This selected, brief review of the literature sought to describe published psychologically-based interventions delivered in inpatient medical settings. A search for studies catalogued on PubMed from 2007 to 2016 was examined and studies were included in the review if they were delivered within inpatient medical settings. Two reviewers independently assessed relevant studies for criteria. Results: A total of ten articles met the inclusion criteria with interventions targeting outcomes across four primary domains: 1) pain and fatigue; 2) cognition; 3) affective/emotional and; 4) self-harm. Several articles support interventions grounded in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and brief psychological interventions. Most studies reported favorable outcomes for the interventions relative to controls. Conclusions: Psychologically-based interventions, especially those that integrate components of cognitive-behavioral therapy and a multidisciplinary approach, can be implemented in inpatient medical settings and may promote improved patient outcomes. However, the quality of this evidence requires formal assessment, requiring more comprehensive reviews are needed to replicate findings and clarify effectiveness of interventions.
Abstract— If job satisfaction is there in employees, work done by these employees is usually of better quality in comparison where the employees are not satisfied with their jobe. So this study to assess job satisfaction and influence of demographic variables on job satisfaction, this study was carried out on 105 doctors of teaching hospitals. Questionnaire method of data collection was adopted. Job satisfaction was measured by six domains: Organizational functioning, Interpersonal relationship, Financial incentives, Non-financial incentives, Physical facilities and Working conditions. Study observed that over all, doctors were moderately satisfied with their job. Domains such as Interpersonal relationship and Working conditions, doctors were highly satisfied, whereas rest of the domains: Organizational functioning, Financial incentives, Non-financial incentives, and Physical facilities doctors were moderately satisfied. It is important to note that even though overall satisfaction is moderate, there were few components, where doctors were highly satisfied were - Communication system between patients and doctors, Involvement in decision making in the department, Rules and regulations of the institution, relationship between the department colleagues and other department colleagues, Provision for leave encashment, reward given for research work, workload of clinical aspect and workload of teaching aspect. Age and sex both shown significant association on level of satisfaction where as experience, designation and marital status of the doctors have not shown significant association.
The Exploration of Emotional Exhaustion in Developing Patient Safety Culture ...AI Publications
Providing patient safety in healthcare organizations has become an important and urgent issue globally. Understanding medical staff’s perceptions toward patient safety enable hospital managers to monitor safety situations for patients. The current study aims to further identify the role of emotional exhaustion plays in establishing patient safety culture by conducting the Chinese version of Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ). A total of 256 valid questionnaires were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to demonstrate the relationships between emotional exhaustion and six patient safety culture dimensions. The results illustrated that stress recognition and job satisfaction had positive and negative effects on emotional exhaustion, respectively. Hospital managers should pay more efforts to these two important elements to reduce the occurrence of preventable medical accidents and ensure the safety of patients.
Client satisfaction towards quality of health services an assessment at prima...Zubia Qureshi
This survey designed to evaluate the satisfaction level and the factors that affect the patient satisfaction regarding health care delivery services with the aim to improve the services in the primary health care settings of Gujranwala. A Cross Sectional Study done on randomly selected patients attending the basic health units of Gujranwala, with more than18 years of age. Pretested structured “Liker scale questionnaire” was used for data collection. Out of total respondents, 62 (41.3%) clients were satisfied with the services provided by the basic health units of Gujranwala. The factors identified to determine patient satisfaction were accessibility of services, behavior of staff, health education, level of cleanliness, drug availability and miscellaneous services. Not a single ranked area of satisfaction noticed. Client’s occupation and income had significant relationship with the patient satisfaction level. Gender, age, and education of clients were not contributing factors; they not affect the client satisfaction level. Less than half clients were satisfied with the services provided by the basic health units. Management of health facilities needs to improve the services.
Psychiatric Morbidity in Patients with Lower Limb Long Bone Fractureiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Access And Quality In The Medical Profession In Nigeria Via Psychological Tes...Peter Onipe
This new process has the capacity to identify the best candidates for the profession; candidates with the appropriate levels of intelligence, aptitudes, and school achievement, as well as appropriate personality characteristics.
Triangulation research is all about the integration of data, method, investigators, and settings. there is a description of various types of triangulation and their impact on the validity of the results. there is a slight introduction to meta-analysis and systematic review.
The issue of medical aliteracy has drawn both scholars and medical practitioners’ attention in the recent years. The negative cost of medical aliteracy has continued to constitute major threats to health related issue which has resulted in high mortality rate, high medical expenditure and medical underperformance among others. On this premise the study examined the influence of medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. The study employed descriptive research design and Chi-Square to test the research hypotheses. A total number of 50 questionnaires were designed to collect information from the sampled population through a random sampling. From the result of the analysis it was revealed that factors such as ineffective supervision of medical personnel, low patient literacy level, lack of personnel-patients engagement could lead to medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. Senior medical personnel have the knowledge of medical aliteracy and its implications on for medical personnel and the public. Medical aliteracy has an implication on health sector performance which includes increase in mortality rate, increase health expenditure, widening of the gap between patients – medical personnel communication among others. Perception of medical aliteracy has significant influence on medical personnel performance. The study concluded that, medical aliteracy is prevalent among medical personnel and patients and is associated with many poor medical outcomes in the health sector. It was however recommended that medical literacy training, schemes and programmes should be designed according to the needs of the different medical personnel and should therefore be included in medical professional training programs.
Homeopathy – what are the active ingredients? An exploratory study using the ...home
This study has has identified, using primary consultation and other data, a range of
factors that might account for the effectiveness of homeopathic care. Some of these, such as
empathy, are non-specific. Others, such as the remedy matching process, are specific to
homeopathy. These findings counsel against the use of placebo-controlled RCT designs in which
both arms would potentially be receiving specific active ingredients. Future research in homeopathy
should focus on pragmatic trials and seek to confirm or refute the therapeutic role of constructs
such as patient "openness", disclosure and homeopathicity.
Protective factors against suicidal acts in major depression:Reasons for living, Journal Club Presentation in the Dept of Psychiatric Nursing, Kothamangalam
Comparison of pre-mixed and sequentially intrathecal administration of Clonidine with hyperbaric Bupivacaine in caesarean sections-Adjuvant and hyperbaric Bupivacaine mixing in a single syringe before injecting the drugs intrathecally is an age old practice. It may cause intraoperative hemodynamic changes. Administering local anesthetic and the adjuvant separately may minimize these side effects. So this study was aimed to compare effect of administering hyperbaric Bupivacaine and Clonidine intrathecally as a mixture and sequentially in cases undergoing caesarean section (CS). This study conducted at a District Hospital of Rajasthan in year 2013. Cases undergoing elective caesarean sections were divided into two groups by chit box method each of two groups consists of 30 cases. One group (Group A) is given mixture of Clonidine (75 mcg) and hyperbaric Bupivacaine 0.5% (10 mg) intrathecally, whereas other Group B received Clonidine (75 mcg) followed by hyperbaric Bupivacaine 0.5% (10 mg) through separate syringes. It was found that duration of analgesia was significantly longer in Group B (466 ± 18.2 min) in which the drug was given sequentially than in Group A (334 ± 16 min). Likewise, the time to achieve highest sensory and complete motor block was significantly less in Group B than Group A. So it can be depicted that administering Clonidine and hyperbaric Bupivacaine in a sequential manner is better than mixing of the two drugs.
Abstract—Colorectal cancer is leading cancer-related public health problem. This study was conducted to determine the effect of High-Dose-Rate intraluminal brachytherapy (HDR-BT) with or without interstitial brachytherapy during neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer. This randomized contrial was conducted on 28 patients attended with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3, T4 or N+) treated initially with concurrent capecitabine (800 mg/m2 twice daily for 5 days per week) and pelvic external beam radiation therapy (45Gy in 25 Fractions) after one week MRI for all patients; received intraluminal HDR-BT with 4Gy x 2 Fractions with one week interval for those had gross residual disease within 1cm of rectal wall and receiveed intraluminal and interstitial brachytherapy with 4Gy x 2 Fractions with one week interval for those had gross residual disease far from 1cm of rectal wall. All patients underwent surgery within 4-8 week after completion of neoadjuvant therapy. In the control group which were not randomized, twenty-eight patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation (45Gy in 25 Fraction with concurrent capecitabine 800mg/m2 twice daily for 5 days per week) followed by surgery. It was found that in HDR-BT group pathologic complete response (pCR), pathologic partial response (pPR) and pathologic response rates (pCR+pPR) based on AJCC TNM staging for colorectal cancer were %35.7, %35.7, and %71.4 respectively. The pCR, pPR, and pRR were %25, %17, and %42 in the control group respectively. pCR, pPR, and pRR were improved with HDR-BT. However, only response rate improvement was statistically significant (p=0.031). There was no a statistically significant difference in the complications between the two groups (p > 0.05). So it can be concluded that HDR intraluminal with or without interstitial brachytherapy may be an effective method of dose escalation technique in neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy of locally advanced rectal cancer with higher response rate and manageable side effects.
Access And Quality In The Medical Profession In Nigeria Via Psychological Tes...Peter Onipe
This new process has the capacity to identify the best candidates for the profession; candidates with the appropriate levels of intelligence, aptitudes, and school achievement, as well as appropriate personality characteristics.
Triangulation research is all about the integration of data, method, investigators, and settings. there is a description of various types of triangulation and their impact on the validity of the results. there is a slight introduction to meta-analysis and systematic review.
The issue of medical aliteracy has drawn both scholars and medical practitioners’ attention in the recent years. The negative cost of medical aliteracy has continued to constitute major threats to health related issue which has resulted in high mortality rate, high medical expenditure and medical underperformance among others. On this premise the study examined the influence of medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. The study employed descriptive research design and Chi-Square to test the research hypotheses. A total number of 50 questionnaires were designed to collect information from the sampled population through a random sampling. From the result of the analysis it was revealed that factors such as ineffective supervision of medical personnel, low patient literacy level, lack of personnel-patients engagement could lead to medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. Senior medical personnel have the knowledge of medical aliteracy and its implications on for medical personnel and the public. Medical aliteracy has an implication on health sector performance which includes increase in mortality rate, increase health expenditure, widening of the gap between patients – medical personnel communication among others. Perception of medical aliteracy has significant influence on medical personnel performance. The study concluded that, medical aliteracy is prevalent among medical personnel and patients and is associated with many poor medical outcomes in the health sector. It was however recommended that medical literacy training, schemes and programmes should be designed according to the needs of the different medical personnel and should therefore be included in medical professional training programs.
Homeopathy – what are the active ingredients? An exploratory study using the ...home
This study has has identified, using primary consultation and other data, a range of
factors that might account for the effectiveness of homeopathic care. Some of these, such as
empathy, are non-specific. Others, such as the remedy matching process, are specific to
homeopathy. These findings counsel against the use of placebo-controlled RCT designs in which
both arms would potentially be receiving specific active ingredients. Future research in homeopathy
should focus on pragmatic trials and seek to confirm or refute the therapeutic role of constructs
such as patient "openness", disclosure and homeopathicity.
Protective factors against suicidal acts in major depression:Reasons for living, Journal Club Presentation in the Dept of Psychiatric Nursing, Kothamangalam
Comparison of pre-mixed and sequentially intrathecal administration of Clonidine with hyperbaric Bupivacaine in caesarean sections-Adjuvant and hyperbaric Bupivacaine mixing in a single syringe before injecting the drugs intrathecally is an age old practice. It may cause intraoperative hemodynamic changes. Administering local anesthetic and the adjuvant separately may minimize these side effects. So this study was aimed to compare effect of administering hyperbaric Bupivacaine and Clonidine intrathecally as a mixture and sequentially in cases undergoing caesarean section (CS). This study conducted at a District Hospital of Rajasthan in year 2013. Cases undergoing elective caesarean sections were divided into two groups by chit box method each of two groups consists of 30 cases. One group (Group A) is given mixture of Clonidine (75 mcg) and hyperbaric Bupivacaine 0.5% (10 mg) intrathecally, whereas other Group B received Clonidine (75 mcg) followed by hyperbaric Bupivacaine 0.5% (10 mg) through separate syringes. It was found that duration of analgesia was significantly longer in Group B (466 ± 18.2 min) in which the drug was given sequentially than in Group A (334 ± 16 min). Likewise, the time to achieve highest sensory and complete motor block was significantly less in Group B than Group A. So it can be depicted that administering Clonidine and hyperbaric Bupivacaine in a sequential manner is better than mixing of the two drugs.
Abstract—Colorectal cancer is leading cancer-related public health problem. This study was conducted to determine the effect of High-Dose-Rate intraluminal brachytherapy (HDR-BT) with or without interstitial brachytherapy during neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer. This randomized contrial was conducted on 28 patients attended with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3, T4 or N+) treated initially with concurrent capecitabine (800 mg/m2 twice daily for 5 days per week) and pelvic external beam radiation therapy (45Gy in 25 Fractions) after one week MRI for all patients; received intraluminal HDR-BT with 4Gy x 2 Fractions with one week interval for those had gross residual disease within 1cm of rectal wall and receiveed intraluminal and interstitial brachytherapy with 4Gy x 2 Fractions with one week interval for those had gross residual disease far from 1cm of rectal wall. All patients underwent surgery within 4-8 week after completion of neoadjuvant therapy. In the control group which were not randomized, twenty-eight patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation (45Gy in 25 Fraction with concurrent capecitabine 800mg/m2 twice daily for 5 days per week) followed by surgery. It was found that in HDR-BT group pathologic complete response (pCR), pathologic partial response (pPR) and pathologic response rates (pCR+pPR) based on AJCC TNM staging for colorectal cancer were %35.7, %35.7, and %71.4 respectively. The pCR, pPR, and pRR were %25, %17, and %42 in the control group respectively. pCR, pPR, and pRR were improved with HDR-BT. However, only response rate improvement was statistically significant (p=0.031). There was no a statistically significant difference in the complications between the two groups (p > 0.05). So it can be concluded that HDR intraluminal with or without interstitial brachytherapy may be an effective method of dose escalation technique in neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy of locally advanced rectal cancer with higher response rate and manageable side effects.
Abstract—Theories of sociology of health and illness defy the biomedical model of disease as many of them are ‘concerned with the social origins and influence on disease’ rather than pathological reasons only. There are five sociological perspectives of health and illness: Social Constructionism, Marxism, Feminism, Foucaulian analysis, and Functionalism. These different sociological perspectives were critically analyzed through this article as for better understanding of conceptualize management of health services Social Constructionism is a sociological perspective focus on the sociology of knowledge and reality. Marxism focuses on equity between social classes and emphasizes inequality in capitalist society. According to Marxism inequality of distribution healthcare services in capitalist society arise from the marginalization of some categories of the population who do not contribute to economic system. Feminist theory is to understand and explore the multiple and various reasons for inequalities between the genders. In the healthcare sector, feminists believe that healthcare organizations are hierarchical systems, where doctors (usually men) are at the top level while nurses (usually women) have a lower level of importance. Main areas that Foucault theory emphasizes are power, knowledge and discourse. Foucault believes that there is a relationship between power and knowledge. This relationship appears clearly in the health field, as medical professionals comprise a group of people who have special knowledge (medical knowledge) and they gain the power from this knowledge. Finally, functionalism is a sociological perspective that describes society as a system made up of ‘interconnected and interrelated parts’ and it highlights the relationships between different parts of society In conclusion, the five sociological perspectives provide holistic picture about conceptualization of healthcare systems.
Abstract— Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is also becoming public health impotance nowadays. So this study was aimed to determine the association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. This study includes a total of 222 subjects were enrolled as per the inclusion/exclusion criteria, out of which 110 cases who had NAFLD with hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography and 112 subjects who did not have NAFLD were considered control. These cases and controls were interrogated and investigated further. Observations were recorded and association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. Statistical methods used were unpaired student’s t-test for continuous variables, Fischer’s and chi-sq test for categorical variables using bivariate analysis by Graph Pad Instat Version 3.10. Risk was assessed in terms of Odd's Ratio. The patients with MS and NAFLD had a higher proportion of CVD compared with those who did not have NAFLD (29.1 vs 18.1 %). This study concludes that NAFLD is significantly associated with MS; most significant with WC, followed by TG and FBS and thus can be considered as hepatic component of MS. This needs more research with large multi-centric prospective studies to evaluate NAFLD as an independent risk factor for CVD.
Abstract—Myiasis is a rare disease by developing larvae (Maggots) of a variety of fly species within the arthropod order Diptera. Recognition and Management of Myiasis are demanding. Herein we present a 7-months-old Saudi girl presented with multiple skin lesions over her body, clinical diagnosis of skin abscess was made initially. Incision revealed multiple maggots coming from the incision wounds, the larva was extracted and the clean dressing was done. Patient showing complete recovered skin infection. Cutaneous Myiasis is a devastating presentation of a variety of fly species that should be considered in the appropriate clinical setting and recent traveling to the suspicious area.
— This study was conducted to find out if AFI ≤ 5 cms has any clinical significance in identifying the subsequent fetal distress & associated maternal & perinatal outcomes, in pregnancies beyond 37 weeks. Methodology: This is a prospective case control study done from July 2010 to July 2012 (24 months) at Dr Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Hospital and Research Center. Adgaon, Nashik. It study the pregnancy outcome comparison of 58 Anenatal Cases(ANCs)as Study Group with diangosis of oligohydramnios (AFI ≤ 5 cms) by ultrasound after 37 completed weeks of gestation w e r e compared with 58 ANCs (Control Group) with no oligohydramnios (AFI > 5 cms). These two groups were matched for other variables like age, parity, gestational age and any pregnancy complication. Results: There was significant difference between two groups. Hypertension and Preeclampsia were found significantly more in ANCs with oligohydramnios. FHR deceleration was also significantly higher in women with oligohydramnios. Women require LSCS were also significantly more in women with oligohydramnios. Newborn borned by women with oligohydramnios had significantly more chances to admit in NICU than in newborn born by women without oligohydramnios. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that women with oligohydramnios poor pregancy outcomes. Determination of AFI can be used as an adjunct to other fetal surveillance methods. Determination of AFI can be used as valuable screening test for predicting fetal distress in labour, requiring caesarean section.
Abstract— The verbal behaviour of persons with special educational needs features delayed speech evolution compared to normally developed persons. In the speech therapy process for children with SEN, it is necessary to delimit strictly the objectives proposed, the responsibilities for each factor involved, and the corresponding priorities. The paper focuses on the importance and necessity of speech therapy activities, conducted for students with special educational needs. Speech therapy activities are based on a systematic process of learning or re-learning correct language structures, of gradually consolidating these structures in current speech. There is no typical model in the education of disabled children, because any proposition is first defined by a team, in an attempt to understand the child’s needs, the family’s availability, and the assistance service functioning. In conclusion, disability can always be compensated by the child’s capacities within his psychophysical potential.
Papillary Hidradenoma is a rare benign tumor of apocrine glands. Very limited number of case reports are available in the literature detailing the cytological features of papillary hidradenoma. Such a rare case specimen came in notice here at Pathology Department of SMS Medical College, Jaipur (Raj.) India. So, one such a rare case of papillary hidradenoma was explored with its cytological findings. A 30 year old female presented with a vulval cyst. Fluid from this cyst was sent for cytology with a clinical diagnosis of Bartholin cyst. The cytology suggested it to be a benign adnexal tumour by the presence of Biphasic pattern of cell arrangement which was further confirmed histologically. So whenever an middle aged female presents with a nodular lesion in the anogenital area, hidradenoma papilliferum should be kept in mind along with other conditions.
Abstract: Geriatric population is increasing as life expectancy is increasing. This population is susceptible for many health problems which have a significant impact on their quality of life. So this cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2009 to August 2010 on 1620 elderly residing in Municipal corporation area of Jaipur city with the aim to study the heart diseases and its associated factors in geriatric population. Mean age of elderly was 66.08 years with slight female predominance i.e. 1048 females for 1000 males in Jaipur city. Only 285 (17.59%) elderly who were not having and type of morbidity otherwise a sizable count i.e. 573 (35.36%) were having even 4 or more type of co morbidity. Out of total 1620 elderly 544 (33.58%) were having Hypertension and 88 (5.43%) of elderly were having other heart diseases. It was found that all other heart diseases were having hypertension. Obesity was maximal co-morbidly with heart disease followed by Diabetes. Heart diseases were found significantly more in males. Likewise it was also observed that elderly who were doing exercise were having significantly less heart diseases. Hypertension was observed significantly more in elderly who were smoking followed by elderly who were taking alcohol and chewing tobacco. But proportion of heart diseases (other than hypertension) found significantly more in elderly who were taking alcohol than who were smoking.
Abstract—Sexual health (SH) and sexual behavior of young people have become a growing public concern. But few studies have been conducted to investigate the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of this phenomenon.
Purpose: To understand college students’ sexual knowledge (SK), sexual attitudes (SA), sexual desire (SD) and sexual behavior (SB).
Methods: A self-reported questionnaire survey on SK, SA, SD, and SB was conducted among 520 university students. Their demographic data, SK, SA, SD, and SB were assessed.
Results: A total of 500 students completed the questionnaire. The SKS total score had a mean of 23.05; 105 (21.0%) subjects had had premarital sex; 121 (24.2%) had a partner; 117 (23.4%) had a medical educational background. The results demonstrated an increased risk of premarital sex amongst males and subjects with the risk factors of smoking, drinking, having a partner, and having higher levels of SD and SK and more open SA.
Conclusions: This study provides support for the idea that university students lack SK (especially regarding contraception knowledge), even though the students had a medical educational background. Additionally, a considerable amount of them engaged in premarital SB. Our findings also suggest that university students need sex education, particularly in combining sexuality with their life, in relating to others maturely as a sexual individual, in employing contraception, and in preventing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Our study suggests that interventions aimed at expanding university students’ SK and other related skills are required.
Abstract— Joint replacement operations which are applied to reduce the pain and increase the movement capacity are among the surgical procedures that are used mostly nowadays. Even though a dramatic recovery is seen in the life of the patient after total knee prosthesis, possible prosthesis infection increases cost and causes high morbidity. This study was conducted with the aim to determine rates of surgical site infection after performing primer total knee prothesis operation in our clinic. Furthermore, it has been intended to understand risk factors which may cause infection and then take precautions. This study was conducted from January 2008 to January 2013, 252 knees underwent primary total knee arthroplasty operations. Among these patients infection rates, relationship to risk factors and infection treatments were analysed. It was observed that iIn 252 knees, 10 (4%) superficial infections were found, debridement and antibiotics were applied to 3 knees out of 10 and only antibiotic treatment was applied to the rest 7 knees. Deep infection was detected in 4 knees (1,6%) out of 252. Acute deep infection in 1 knee and recovery was provided with debridement and intravenous antibiotics treatment. Late deep infection was not detected in any of patients. Delayed deep infection was detected in 3 (1,1%) of these knees though. Among all risk factors only increased body mass index showed increased superficial wound infection rate. It can be concluded that among the factors like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, age, gender, body mass index, just body mass index has an impact on superficial infection rate. Our infection rates were comparable to rates mentioned in universal literature for primary total knee replacement operations.
Abstract—Cataract is the main cause of blinding and Diabetes Mallitus (DM) is the one of major cause of early cataract. Patents of DM has poor So this study is aimed to assess the corneal endothelial cell count in patients of DM (Type 2)after phecoemulsification and intra-ocular lens implantation. This study was conducted on 66 patients of cataract, out of which 33 patients with and 33 without DM (Type 2). Both groups underwent pre operative investigation and ophthalmological assessment and then undergo phacoemulsification done by same surgeon. After phacoemulsification all cases were followed up on 1st day ,1st week,1 month and 3 months and Uncorrected visual acquity (UCVA), Best corrected visual acquity (BCVA),corneal thickness, endothelial cell count and morphometric analysis were recorded. Both groups parameters were compared with unpaired 't' test. At the end of 3 months it was found that the mean endothelial cell loss in Group A(Diabetic) was 6.9% ± 0.6 and in Group B (control) was 2.4% ± 0.3 suggesting that the corneal endothelium in diabetic patients is under metabolic stress, and weaker against mechanical loads, such as phacoemulsification, than that in non-diabetic subjects. Despite good glycemic control and no corneal abnormalities before surgery. Endothelium in diabetic subjects is more vulnerable to surgical trauma and has a lower capability in the process of repair. These findings should be considered when planning cataract surgery in patients with diabetes.
A Point Cross-sectional study of Swine Flu Cases admitted at a Tertiary Level Hospital, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India-Presently in India Swine Flu cases were reported maximum from Rajasthan in this year (2015). So this study was aimed to analyzed the swine flu cases on various grounds to know the reasons for this increase. 77 swine flu cases addimited on 10.3.15 in a tertiary level hospital were interrogated. Total 2603 swine flu cases and 101 deaths were confirmed upto 10.3.15 in this current year concluding CFR 3.88%. Mean age of identified 77 swine flu cases was 41.32 ± 16.19 years with age range 1.5 to 75 years and MF ratio 0.51. Significantly more females were affected with swine flu than males but no significant age wise difference was found in males and females. Out of total 77 cases, 32.47 % were in ICU. About one third (31%) were self motivated others were from government and private health institutes. They were correctly diagnosed symptomatically in 33.77% before referred and about half of cases were advised for investigation (44.16%) for swine flu and precautions (51.95%) regarding respiratory antiquates. And 63.64% were admitted within 24 hours shows good awareness. Co morbidity was found in 57.14% of admitted cases and maximum (84%) co morbidity was found in cases admitted in ICU.
Abstract— Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare neoplasms of the gastrointestinal system. A case of 40 year old man having tense tender abdomen with obliterated liver dullness and shifting dullness was presented in emergency, it was further investigated on X rays, where pneumoperitoneum was found. This case was then decided to go for Laparatomy after routine investigations to further explore. On exploratory laparatomy, diffuse peritonitis with brown coloured fluid was observed. A 10 x 5 x 7 cm mass was found having an opening communicating with the gut lumen was present around 10 cm from the ligament of treitz. However, no adjacent structures, liver or parietal peritoneum seemed to be involved. Gross examination of the specimen revealed an outward bulging mass, which was centrally necrotic and contained hemorrhagic-necrotic material. On histo-pathological examination, features suggestive of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with mixed spindle and epitheoid pattern was seen. Mitoses were slightly increased (<5 /> HPFs) leading to the conclusion of LOW GRADE GIST with tumor free margins of gut (R0 resection). So it was a case of Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), which is a rare medical presentation. So it was decided to report this case as a rare case presentation.
Abstract—Scarring is a well recognized sequel of acne. Because of the prevalence of acne scarring and strong negative emotions it engendering affected patients, several approaches have been developed for its treatment with varying success rates. Glycolic acid 50% peels and Salicylic acid 30% Peels are classified as superficial peel and are consider safe in Indian patients. While chemical peels are widely being used in India for various indications. There is a paucity of published studies on the efficacy of chemical peel specifically for acne scars in Indian patients.
Purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectively of these two agents in the treatment of acne scars. Eighty cooperative patients[≥18 years age]with predominantly moderately atrophic acne scarring were randomly divided into 2groups of 40each.Patients of group A received Glycolic acid peels and patients in group B, Salicylic acid was used at 3weeks interval for four sessions. Objective evaluations of treatment response. Subjective assessments of treatment response were also done separately by the researcher, an independent observer and the patients separately.
Both of agents led to significant reduction in the total acne scar score[p< 0.05]but no significant difference was noted between the two peels. Side effects were lesser with Salicylic acid peel.
Hence conclusion was drawn that both 50% Glycolic acid and 30% Salicylic acid peels are safe in Indian skin and equally effective in the treatment of mild to moderate acne scarring.
Abstract—Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main reason for cervical carcinoma. The viral E7 oncogene induces increasing expression of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p16 INK4a in dysplastic cells. This can be used to identify dysplastic cells in histological slides. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of p16INK4a expression and to evaluate the diagnostic value of p16 immunohistochemical (IHC) investigation in different types of lesions in the uterine cervix. The study was performed on 112 samples of cervical biopsy. All samples were selected from the records of Pathology services in University Hospital-Pleven, Bulgaria. The samples were collected in four separate groups: reactive non dysplastic changes (n=26); different degrees of intraepithelial dysplasia (n=38); invasive squamous cell carcinoma (n=32); endocervical lesions with glandular origin – microglandular hyperplasia, Adenocarcinoma in situ and invasive endocervical adenocarcinoma (n=16). In all samples immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies to p16INK4a was performed. Results. In the cases with dysplastic lesions and invasive carcinomas was found strong correlation between the level of expression of p16INK4a and the level of cervical neoplasia (p<0.01). All 26 cases (100%) of non-dysplastic cervical lesions are negative for p16INK4a. The most cases of CIN III group (14cases-87.5%) showed strong cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of p16INK4a in the whole depth of the epithelium. Strong mainly nuclear overexpression was found in all invasive cervical adenocarcinomas. Conclusions. P16INK4a overexpression is associated to high-grade precancerous lesions and cervical carcinomas. Immunohistochemical evaluation can be useful biomarker in identifying HR-HPV- infected low-grade lesions.
Abstract—Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that affects people of all ages. It may manifest as severe attacks, which can require urgent health care. It causes limitations in daily activities, loss of school and work days, lung function impairment, reduced quality of life, and an adverse socioeconomic burden. There is no cure of asthma, once it is diagnosed it can be managed by a good treatment plan, so that patient can live a better quality of life with the disease. This present study was planned to compare the effect of traditional treatment alone and in combination with Root Heal Therapy on asthma cases. A Quincy experiment was conducted on 60 patients of Asthma, who were taking treatment from a physician working in Jaipuriya Hospital, Jaipur. Out of these 60 asthama patients who were receiving traditional treatment, 30 patients were given this RHT along with traditional treatment. Baseline status of asthma and Asthma Quality of life Questionnaire (AQLQ) was assessed. These cases were followed for 18 months, again they were assessed as per AQLQ. Changes in status of asthma in both the group over this period were compared with Chi-square test and Unpaired 't' test. It was found that significantly more cases were benefited with this RHT in the form of number of spells of asthma, duration of illness due to asthma, mean days of activity loss and proportion of cases needed hospitalization during last one year. Pulmonary Function test were also better in experimental group than control group. Although mean number of eosinofills decrease was also found higher in experimental group but it was not found significant. It is concluded that Quality of life of these asthma cases were significantly improved on physical, emotional, social and occupational domains of life in cases with RHT than the cases only on traditional treatment.
Abstract—Submental intubation is a method for airway without trachiotomy. This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the frequency, indications, and outcomes of airway management by submental intubation in maxillofacial trauma patients and comparison with tracheostomy regarding its advantages and disadvantages.40 patients with maxillofacial injuries were selected for submental intubation who required tracheostomy/ retromolar intubation in a 2 year period (2013–2015). Submental intubation permitted reduction and fixation of all the fractures without the interference of the tube during surgical procedure in all of the patients. It avoids retromolar intubation/ tracheostomy and its disadvantages.Thus,Submental intubation is a simple, safe, with low morbidity technique for operative airway management in maxillofacial trauma patients when there are fractures involving the nasal region and concomitant dental occlusion disturbances who required retromolar intubation/ tracheostomy for airway management during surgery.
Assessment of Health Professionals’ Views and Beliefs about Mental Illnesses:...inventionjournals
Negative beliefs and prejudices might lead to stigmatization, violation of basic human rights and discriminatory behaviors. To determine health professionals’ views and beliefs about mental illnesses. The sample of this descriptive study comprised 317 health professionals working in Sivas Numune Hospital. Data were collected with the Personal Information Form, Stigma Assessment Questionnaire and Beliefs toward Mental Illness (BMI) Scale. For the statistical analysis, percentage distribution, t-test, ANOVA and Tukey test were used. Of the participants, 18.6% had a relative with a mental illness, and 63.7% stated that people with a mental illness. Whereas half of the health professionals stated favorable opinion about patients with schizophrenia, 41% of them said that patients with schizophrenia might be dangerous and cause other people harm. The mean scores obtained from the subscales of the BMI scale were as follows: 23.74±6.66 (min-max:6- 40) for the dangerousness subscale, 29.55±9.88 (min-max:0-55) for the helplessness and poor interpersonal relationships subscale, and 1.76±2.30 (min-max: 0-10) for the shame subscale. The mean total score of the BMI scale was 55.06±16.06 (min-max: 6-100). Of the health care professionals, the nurses/midwives, high school graduates, those with income equal to expenditure and those who had negative opinions about patients with schizophrenia obtained significantly higher total scores from the BMI Scale (p<0.05). Although the majority of the health care professionals had positive opinions of patients with schizophrenia, nearly, half of them thought that patients with schizophrenia could be dangerous and cause harm to other people.
Impact of Acceptance and Mindfulness-Based Intervention as an Add-on Treatment for Skin Diseases-Acne, Eczema and Psoriasis
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/SSR-IIJLS.2020.6.5.2
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Effect of an E-mental Health Approach to Workers’Health SurvEvonCanales257
Effect of an E-mental Health Approach to Workers’
Health Surveillance versus Control Group on Work
Functioning of Hospital Employees: A Cluster-RCT
Sarah M. Ketelaar1*, Karen Nieuwenhuijsen1, Fania R. Gärtner1, Linda Bolier2, Odile Smeets2,
Judith K. Sluiter1
1 Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2 Innovation Center of Mental Health and
Technology (I.COM), Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate an e-mental health (EMH) approach to workers’ health surveillance (WHS) targeting work functioning
(WF) and mental health (MH) of healthcare professionals in a randomised controlled trial.
Methods: Nurses and allied health professionals (N = 1140) were cluster-randomised at ward level to the intervention (IG) or
control group (CG). The intervention consisted of two parts: (a) online screening and personalised feedback on impaired WF
and MH, followed by (b) a tailored offer of self-help EMH interventions. CG received none of these parts. Primary outcome
was impaired WF (Nurses Work Functioning Questionnaire), assessed at baseline and after three and six months. Analyses
were performed in the positively screened subgroup (i) and in all participants (ii).
Results: Participation rate at baseline was 32% (NIG = 178; NCG = 188). Eighty-two percent screened positive for at least mild
impairments in WF and/or MH (NIG = 139; NCG = 161). All IG-participants (N = 178) received part (a) of the intervention, nine
participants (all positively screened, 6%) followed an EMH intervention to at least some extent. Regarding the subgroup of
positively screened participants (i), both IG and CG improved over time regarding WF (non-significant between-group
difference). After six months, 36% of positively screened IG-participants (18/50) had a relevant WF improvement compared
to baseline, versus 28% (32/115) of positively screened CG-participants (non-significant difference). In the complete sample
(ii), IG and CG improved over time but IG further improved between three and six months while CG did not (significant
interaction effect).
Conclusions: In our study with a full compliance rate of 6% and substantial drop-out leading to a small and underpowered
sample, we could not demonstrate that an EMH-approach to WHS is more effective to improve WF and MH than a control
group. The effect found in the complete sample of participants is not easily interpreted. Reported results may be useful for
future meta-analytic work.
Trial Registration: Dutch Trial Register NTR2786 http://www.trialregister.nl
Citation: Ketelaar SM, Nieuwenhuijsen K, Gärtner FR, Bolier L, Smeets O, et al. (2013) Effect of an E-mental Health Approach to Workers’ Health Surveillance versus
Control Group on Work Functioning of Hospital Employees: A Cluster-RCT. PLoS ONE 8(9): e72546. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0072546
Editor: Jim v ...
BioMed CentralPage 1 of 9(page number not for citation pChantellPantoja184
BioMed Central
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BMC Health Services Research
Open AccessResearch article
Prevalence and associated factors in burnout and psychological
morbidity among substance misuse professionals
Adenekan Oyefeso*1, Carmel Clancy2 and Roger Farmer3
Address: 1Division of Mental Health, Medical School, St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK, 2School of Health and Social
Sciences, Middlesex University, F Block, Holborn Union Building, Archway Campus, Highgate Hill, London N19 3UA, UK and 3South West
London and St George's Mental Health NHS Trust, Richmond Royal Hospital, Kew Foot Road, Surrey TW9 2TE, UK
Email: Adenekan Oyefeso* - [email protected]; Carmel Clancy - [email protected]; Roger Farmer - [email protected]
* Corresponding author
Abstract
Background: Studies of psychological stress among substance misuse professionals rarely
describe the nature of burnout and psychological morbidity. The main aim of this study was to
determine the extent, pattern and predictors of psychological morbidity and burnout among
substance misuse professionals.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional mail survey of 194 clinical staff of substance misuse
services in the former South Thames region of England, using the General Health Questionnaire
(GHQ-12) the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) as measures of psychological morbidity and
burnout, respectively.
Results: Rates of psychological morbidity (82%: 95% CI = 76–87) and burnout (high emotional
exhaustion – 33% [27–40]; high depersonalisation – 17% [12–23]; and diminished personal
accomplishment – 36% [29–43]) were relatively high in the study sample. High levels of alienation
and tension (job stressors) predicted emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation (burnout) but
not psychological morbidity. Diminished personal accomplishment was associated with higher
levels of psychological morbidity
Conclusion: In the sample of substance misuse professionals studied, rates of psychological
morbidity and burnout were high, suggesting a higher level of vulnerability than in other health
professionals. Furthermore, pathways to psychological morbidity and burnout are partially related.
Therefore, targeted response is required to manage stress, burnout and psychological morbidity
among substance misuse professionals. Such a response should be integral to workforce
development.
Background
Since the introduction of the United Kingdom Govern-
ment's Drug Strategy in 1998, substance misuse services
have expanded with increases in funding available from
central government as part of implementation of the drug
strategy [1]. The targets set in the strategy may have put
extra demands on substance misuse services with a likely
increase in job-related stress, burnout and associated psy-
chological morbidity.
Studies of stress and burnout in various occupational
groups and settings have been widely reported [2-4].
Published: 8 February 2008
BMC Health Servic ...
I'm pleased to share that the October 2023 issue of the Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, a PubMed and WOS-indexed journal, published our paper titled "Stress, Anxiety, and Depression among Physiotherapy: A Narrative Review." I am grateful to God, gurus, and well-wishers for their blessings and guidance. Thank you Uka Tarsadia University Administration.
User violence in mental health services. adaptation of an instrument (habs-u-mh)David Pina
Background/Objetive
According to the World Health Organization, one out of every four violent workplace acts
takes place in the health setting. The aims of the study are to adapt the Healthcare-workers’
Aggressive Behavior Scale-Users (HABS-U) to mental health professionals, to establish the
frequency of exposure to hostile indicators and to determine which professional group is
most exposed.
Method
Study through qualitative and quantitative methodology in MH professionals of the Region
of Murcia (Spain). In the qualitative phase, 12 in-depth interviews were conducted, and during
the quantitative phase, the instrument was applied to 359 professionals of Mental Health
Services (MHS).
Results
Non-medical and nursing staff were found to be the professional group most exposed, as
well as Brief Psychiatric Inpatient and Medium-Stay Inpatient Services.
Conclusion
The resulting scale shows excellent psychometric properties. The distribution of user violence
is not homogeneous among the different professional groups of MHS. The adaptation
of the scale may be useful to detect user violence, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of intervention
programs.
Prevalence and predictors of mental health among farmworkers in Southeastern ...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract—
Background: Mental health problems represent a major component of the global burden of disease. The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of psychological wellbeing among farmworkers and to evaluate their mental health services need for in rural primary health care settings.
Methods: The study sample comprised 1855 farmworkers (918 women, and 937 men) who were selected using probability cluster sampling method at 95% confidence interval (87.6 % response rate). The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and socio-demographic information form were used to data collection.
Results: The overall prevalence of mental health problems was 31.5%; the prevalence among women was 1.4 times that of men (35%, females; 28.2%, males). Logistic regression analyses revealed that poor general health, as well as presence of chronic diseases and exposure to traumatic life events predicted mental ill health among both sex. Poor economic situation, being seasonal migrant farmworker, and pesticide exposure history affected male mental health problems; while type of settlement, history of having disabled child at birth, and not having a family physician were significant predictors of female mental ill health (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for systematic development of community-based mental health services in conjunction with rural primary health care center and an integrated approach to health care of farmworkers. These include screening, early identification and treatment of mental health problems, development of non-communicable disease (NCD) control program, maternal health services and urgent measures to improve farmworkers’ work safety and pesticide applications.
Quality of Life Project is a 501c3 based in Santa Barbara, California that was started in 2008, I was started in 2023 #linkedin,#health,#research and #projectmanagement
ABSTRACT- Background: The occurrence of psychiatric disorders is more in the prisoners than in general population. Co-morbidity is seen to be an important and complex entity in clinical assessment of mental state competence (diminished mental capacity, temporary insanity and insanity) in the offenders at the time of the offence. It has a great role in determining all possible options in future treatment of violent offenders. Aim: This research article is focused on the co-morbid psychiatric diagnoses and the treatment outcomes in the mentally ill prisoners referred to the tertiary care mental health facility. Materials and Method: Total 100 mentally ill prisoners referred to the tertiary care psychiatric hospital during the study period (Jan 2015 - Dec 2015) was the sample size. It was a prospective study and the sampling method was of the purposive type. Results: Besides their primary diagnosis, the referred prisoners had more than one co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis in 46% of the cases. The most frequent co-occurring conditions were learning disabilities, personality disorders, and substance use disorders. The outcomes for the psychiatric conditions were positive as patients responded well to the line of management. Conclusion: The study provides valuable data to understand the mental health needs and the treatment gaps in this population so as to plan adequate services to tackle these issues. Key-words- Mentally ill prisoners, Psychiatric co-morbidities, Treatment outcomes, Substance use disorders, Personality disorders
Attitudes toward interprofessional education and collaborative practices in M...SubmissionResearchpa
From the perspective of activity theory, it can be argued that the major challenge in relation to implementing interprofessional education (IPE) could be embraced as contradictions that may lead to change. Patients have complex health needs and typically require insight from more than one discipline to address issues regarding their health status (Lumague et al. 2006). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that institutions engaged in health professional education and training consider implementing IPE in both undergraduate and postgraduate programs (WHO, 2010). The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of IPECP for health care professionals, faculty members, and students. Methods: The survey instrument contained four scales to evaluate faculty attitudes toward IPE and teamwork, adapted from the methods of Curran et al. (2007). Each scale asked respondents to rate their attitudes toward statements on a 5-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=neutral; 4=agree; 5=strongly agree). The initial factor extractions were performed by means of principal components analysis. To define the model structure more clearly, an exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation was conducted. The level of significance was p<.0001 for all tests. Results: As shown in Table 2, the Kaiser–Meyer-Olkin index was 0.902, indicating sampling adequacy, and the Bartlett Sphericity Chi-Square index was 2246.5 (p <0.0001). Cronbach’s alpha for the 14 items was 0.731, revealing a high rate of internal consistency. The modified Attitude toward health care team scores (ATHCTS) questionnaire was categorized into four factors: “Quality of care,” “Team efficiency,” “Patient-centered care,” and “Negative factors.” Conclusion: Findings suggest that the positive attitude of health care professionals, faculty members and students towards IPE indicates the need for IPE training by Azjargal Baatar, Sumberzul Nyamjav and Oyuntsetseg Sandag 2020. Attitudes toward interprofessional education and collaborative practices in Mongolia. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 8 (Aug. 2020), 48-52. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.536 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/536/512 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/536
Similar to Occupational Risk Factors of Common Psychiatric Disorders among Railway Employees: A Descriptive Study (20)
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
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4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
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2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
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Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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Occupational Risk Factors of Common Psychiatric Disorders among Railway Employees: A Descriptive Study
1. International Multispecialty Journal of Health (IMJH) [Vol-2, Issue-3, March- 2016]
Page | 27
Occupational Risk Factors of Common Psychiatric Disorders
among Railway Employees: A Descriptive Study
Dr. Ramswaroop Matoria1
, Dr. Sanjay Jain2
, Dr. I.D. Gupta3,
Dr. Gaurav Rajender4
,
Dr. Rajesh Sharma5
, Dr. Vijay Chaudhary6
1
Junior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, SMS Medical College, Jaipur
2
Sr. Professor & Head of Unit, Department of Psychiatry, SMS Medical College, Jaipur
3
Professor, Department of Psychiatry, SMS Medical College, Jaipur
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, SMS Medical College, Jaipur
5
Junior Specialist, Department of Psychiatry, SMS Medical College, Jaipur
6
Specialist (MO), Department of Psychiatry, SMS Medical College, Jaipur
Abstract— There is a dearth of research work and scarcity of availability of data on psychiatric
morbidity among railway employees in India. Present hospital based observational descriptive study
was carried out at medical OPD of Central Hospital of Northern Western Railway, Jaipur with the
specific aims to study occupational attributes of common psychiatric disorders. Total 450 randomly
selected individuals were screened for psychiatric morbidities by using Mini-international
neuropsychiatric interview-PLUS. Psychiatric diagnosis confirmed by two psychiatrists separately using
the ICD, 10th revision (diagnostic and research criteria). A self designed, pre-tested & semi-structured
detailed Performa was used to elicit demographical and occupational attributes. Univariate analysis
was carried out initially to identify risk factors. The data was analyzed in terms of descriptive statistics,
Chi-square test and stepwise binary logistic regression by using SPSS and Primer Version ‘6’. Most
common diagnosed psychiatric disorders were Neurotic, stress related and somatoform disorders (28%),
followed by mood disorders (25.56%). Common Psychiatric Disorders (CPD) i.e. depression, anxiety
and somatoform disorders were the most common diagnosed psychiatric morbidities (49.78%). Working
in rotatory shifts, perceived problems related to shift duties and stress in the working environment, work
experience more than 20 years and non-executive type job were observed as the occupational risk
factors for common psychiatric disorders. The present observations suggest that there is scope for
psychiatric intervention for the management of perceived stress at work place, problems related to shift
duties and other occupational challenges.
Key words: Common Psychiatric Disorders, Occupational Risk Factors, Shifts Duties, Medical
Comorbidity
I. INTRODUCTION
Work environments are known to influence the psychological functioning of the individuals.
1-2
In
comparison with the general population, industrial workers have the added risk of physical, chemical,
biological and other specific psychosocial factors of their occupational environment.
3
The reported
prevalence rates of psychiatric morbidity in the Indian industrial population range from 14-37%;
whereas, it can be up to as high as 74% in Western reports.
4-6
About 15% of all occupational disabilities
reported are stress related.
7
Minor psychiatric morbidity (Common Psychiatric Disorders) is the most
common cause for sick leave in industrial occupations.
8
Existing literature indicates that almost all railways employees, except a very limited managerial /
administrative cadre, are exposed to health hazards on a daily basis. Broadly, they are exposed to five
2. International Multispecialty Journal of Health (IMJH) [Vol-2, Issue-3, March.- 2016]
Page | 28
categories of environmental stressors: a) mechanical injuries and accidents; b) noise and vibration; c)
diesel exhaust; d) electric and magnetic fields; e) other hazards, including stress at work place.
9
Railway’s working environment also possesses all of the fundamental ingredients of occupational health
scenario along with a supplementary punch of dearth of services & research in the field of mental
health.
The medical out-patient department has been chosen because it closely resembles a general practice and
draws a sizeable proportion of the total first attendance at the out-patient clinic. Indian researchers
reported a low prevalence 38.6%
10
to much higher prevalence 61%
11
of psychiatric morbidity in medical
outpatients.
Keeping in the view of all mentioned concerns, the present study was conducted at Central Hospital,
North Western Railway, Jaipur- a referral secondary care centre catering to entire North Western zone
of Railway (Comprising four divisions i.e. Jaipur, Ajmer, Bikaner and Udaipur), with specific aim to
identify occupational attributes of common psychiatric disorders in the vision of developing the suitable
interventions for patients in order to improve their care and preventing serious health economic
consequences to the organization.
II. METHODOLOGY
A hospital based observational descriptive study was conducted at medical outdoor department of
Central Hospital of Northern Western Railway, Jaipur, during the period of one year (from 1st
June 14 to
30th
May 15). This study was carried out with the specific aims to study occupational attributes of
common psychiatric disorders.
Sample size was calculated 374 subjects at 95% confidence limit and 10% relative allowable error with
an expected average 51.7% prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in medical outpatients and industrial
population.
12
Simple random technique was used to select cases, which has design effect ‘1’. So, for the
study purpose 450 employees attending medical OPD of Central Hospital, North Western Railway,
Jaipur were taken with 20% the contingency addition.
Among medical OPD attendees, permanent Railway employees who can read and understand and
willing to participate in this study were included in study but those who had either h/o head injury or
mental retardation or if patient is unable to communicate were excluded from study.
2.1 Ethical Consideration:
Study was approved by research review board & ethical committees of the concerned institutions. An
informed written consent was obtained from the subject prior to participation in the study and
confidentiality was assured.
2.2 Procedure:
After taking formal written consent in an informed consent form (Formatted in Hindi language) from
450 randomly selected eligible subjects, were screened for psychiatric as well as medical morbidities.
Clinico-socio- occupational and demographical profile of study subjects were collected on a self
designed, pre-tested & semi-structured detailed Performa. The participants were asked to dichotomously
(Yes/No) reflect their global impressions on job satisfaction, job stress, interpersonal relationships,
perceived support at the workplace and other concerns related to their duties. B.G. Prasad’s socio-
3. International Multispecialty Journal of Health (IMJH) [Vol-2, Issue-3, March.- 2016]
Page | 29
economical status scale (updated for 2014)
13-14
for Indian’s families was used to assess socio-economic
status of participants.
These subjects were screened by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus (MINI-PLUS).
It is a short structured clinical interview which enables researchers to make diagnoses of psychiatric
disorders according to DSM-IV or ICD-10.
15
Psychiatric diagnosis was confirmed by two psychiatrists
(Jain S. and Rajender G.), separately using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision
(ICD-10) (diagnostic and research criteria).
16
As per the type of morbidity they have, these subjects were divided in to three groups as follows:
1. Patients with only medical disorders (Group-I).
2. Patients with only psychiatric disorders’ (Group-II).
3. Patients with co-morbidity of medical disorders & psychiatric disorders” (Group-III).
2.3 Statistical Analysis:
Data were summarized and analyzed with the help of MS Excel 2007 and statistical software Primer
Version ‘6’. To assess association Chi Square test and Odd’s ratio were used. The level of significance
was set at a standard of p < 0.05. Univariate analysis was carried out initially to identify risk factors.
Furthermore, stepwise binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify independent
predictors.
III. RESULTS
Among total 450 study individuals, 5.56% of patients were suffering from purely psychiatric problems
(Group-II) and an additional 48.44% to have associated psychiatric disorders (Group-III), bringing the
overall psychiatric morbidity to 54%.(Table 1) (Figure 1)
According to ICD-10 classification, frequently diagnosed psychiatric disorders were Neurotic, stress
related and somatoform disorders (28%), followed by mood disorders (25.56%), schizophrenia (0.89%)
and unspecified nonorganic psychosis (2.22%). Common Psychiatric Disorders (CPD) i.e. depression,
anxiety and somatoform disorders were the most common (224/450, 49.78%) diagnosed psychiatric
morbidities amongst patients attending medical OPD. (Figure 2)
Figure 1 Figure 2
4. International Multispecialty Journal of Health (IMJH) [Vol-2, Issue-3, March.- 2016]
Page | 30
Study sample had an age range of 25-59 years with mean of 44.64±20.06 (Mean ± 2SD) years; while the
maximum of individuals were from the age group of 51 to 60 years (37.11%). An overwhelming
majority of the study sample consists of males (90.89%), Hindus (92.89%), married persons (84.89%),
living in nuclear families (75.11%), hailed from urban areas (80.22%), educated up to post
graduation/professional degrees (68.22%) and belonged to two upper socio-economic classes
(96.66%).(Table 1)
Table 1
Demographic Associates of Study Group
Variables
Group-I (N=207) Group-II (N=25) Group-III (N=218) Total (450) χ2
(df)
p valueNo. % No. % No. % No. %
Age Group (yrs)
21-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
36
35
74
62
17.39
16.91
35.75
29.95
00
10
05
10
00
40
20
40
22
39
62
95
10.09
17.89
28.44
43.58
58
84
141
167
12.89
18.67
31.33
37.11
22.577 (6)
P = 0.00
Sex
Male
Female
199
08
96.14
3.86
20
05
80
20
190
28
87.16
12.84
409
41
90.89
9.11
14.128 (2)
P = 0.00
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
194
13
00
93.72
6.28
0.00
20
05
00
80
20
00
204
06
08
93.58
2.75
3.67
418
24
08
90.89
5.33
1.77
22.14 (4)
P = 0.000
Residence
Urban
Rural
181
26
87.44
12.56
15
10
60
40
165
53
75.69
24.31
361
89
80.22
19.88
16.064 (2)
P = 0.000
Education
Middle School
High School
Intermediate
Graduation
P.G./Professional
36 16
37
53
65
17.39
7.73
17.87
25.60
31.40
05
00
05
10
05
20
00
20
40
20
67
19
09
58
65
30.73
8.72
4.13
26.61
29.82
108
35
51
121
135
24
7.77
11.33
25.60
31.40
32.404 (8)
P = 0.000
Marital Status
Unmarried
Married
30
177
14.49
85.51
00
25
00
100
38
180
17.43
82.57
68
382
84.89
15.11
5.427 (2)
P = 0.066
Family
Nuclear
Joint
Three Generation
174
33
00
84.06
15.94
0.00
20
05
00
80
20
00
144
64
10
66.06
29.36
4.59
338
102
10
75.11
22.67
2.22
23.822 (4)
P = 0.000
SES
I
II
III
76
127
04
36.71
61.35
1.93
10
15
00
40
60
00
109
98
11
50.00
44.95
5.05
195
240
15
43.33
53.33
3.33
10.193 (2)
P = 0.006
5. International Multispecialty Journal of Health (IMJH) [Vol-2, Issue-3, March.- 2016]
Page | 31
When occupational attributes were compared in these various category of subjects it was found that non
executives (86.89%) and shift workers (32.89%) were significantly (p<0.05) more suffered from
psychiatric morbidity than their counterparts; while. (Table 2)
Table 2
Distribution of Study Individuals as per their Work Types
Variables
Group-I (N=207) Group-II (N=25) Group-III (N=218) Total (N=450) χ2 (df)
p valueNo % No % No % No %
Category of Work
3.22 (2)
p = 0.207NS
Safety Category 99 47.83 10 40 119 54.59 228 50.67
Non-safety Category 108 52.17 15 60 99 45.41 222 49.33
Nature of Work
30.864 (6)
p< 0.001S
Shift workers 28 13.53 10 40 110 50.46 148 32.89
Running staff 26 12.56 05 20 37 16.97 68 15.11
Train operating staff 9 4.35 00 00 00 0.00 9 2.00
Others 144 69.57 10 40 71 32.57 225 50.00
Type of Work 12.703 (2)
p = 0.002Executive 39 18.84 00 00 20 9.17 59 13.11
Non-executive 168 81.16 25 100 198 90.83 391 86.89
In present study sample, a significant (p=0.000S) higher proportions (61.11%) of workers were
encountered with stress at their work place, while furnishing their duties; whereas, perceived stress at
work place by employees also had a highly statistically significant (χ2
=75.469; df=2, P=0.000S)
detrimental influence upon distribution of psychiatric morbidity among three study groups. (Figure 3)
Figure 3
Proportion of psychiatric cases was significantly higher in persons with work experience more than 20
years (OR=3.541, CI=2.395-5.234; p<0.001S), non-executive type job (OR=2.12, CI=1.198-3.778;
p=0.013S), shift workers (OR=8.159, CI=5.075-13.119; p=<0.001S), and those who perceived problems
related to rotatory shifts (OR=15.314, CI=6.483-36.174; p=<0.001S) and stress in the working
6. International Multispecialty Journal of Health (IMJH) [Vol-2, Issue-3, March.- 2016]
Page | 32
environment (OR=4.919, CI=3.246-7.453; p=<0.001S); while, perceived support at work place (OR=
0.194, CI= 0.128-0.295; p <0.001S) and satisfaction with current job (OR=0.54, CI=0.326-0.893;
p=0.022S) have statistically significant protective influence upon occurrence and distribution of
psychiatric disorders among the participants of the index study. (Table 3)
Table 3
Work Related Risk Factors for Common Psychiatric Disorders (CPD)
Variables
Total
(N=450)
CPD (N=224) Statistics
(No) % OR 95% CI
P Value
(df=1)
Work Experience
>20 years 247 157 70.09 3.541 2.395 to 5.234 <0.001S
<20 years 253 67 29.91
Shift Workers
Yes 148 120 53.57 8.159 5.075-13.119 <0.001S
No 302 104 46.43
Perceived Shift Problems
Yes 77 71 31.70 15.314 6.483-36.174 <0.001S
No 373 153 68.30
Safety Category
Yes 228 120 53.57 1.261 0.871-1.826 0.257NS
No 222 104 46.43
Type of Job
Non-Executive 391 204 91.07 2.12 1.198-3.778 0.013S
Executive 59 20 08.93
Perceived Support at Work Place
Yes 175 46 20.54 0.194 0.128- 0.295 <0.001S
No 275 178 79.46
Perceived Stress at Work Place
Yes 275 177 79.02 4.919 3.246-7.453 <0.001S
No 175 47 20.98
Satisfaction with Current Job
Yes 373 176 78.57 0.54 0.326-0.893 0.022S
No 77 48 21.43
Upon multivarite analysis, perceived problems related to shift duties by workers were studied as the
significant risk predictors for the Common psychiatric Disorders CPD) and the Wald criteria also
demonstrated that perceived shift problems made a significant contribution to prediction of psychiatric
morbidity among Railway’s employees.(Table 4)
Table 4
Work Related Predictors for Common Psychiatric Disorders (CPD): Multivariate Analysis*
Predictors
Exp (B)
95% C.I. for EXP (B)
Significance
P value LS
Lower Upper
Safety Category 0.869 0.548 1.380 0.552 NS
Shift Workers 1.500 0.836 2.692 0.174 NS
Perceived Shift Problems 0.090 0.041 0.197 0.000 S
Type of Job (executive/non-executive) 0.727 0.359 1.473 0.377 NS
Perceived Support at Work 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.999 NS
Satisfaction with Current Job 1.122 0.612 2.059 0.709 NS
Perceived Stress at Work Place 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.999 NS
* Binary Logistic Regression
7. International Multispecialty Journal of Health (IMJH) [Vol-2, Issue-3, March.- 2016]
Page | 33
IV. DISCUSSION
The index study was designed to elicit basic epidemiological profile, especially occupational attributes
of common psychiatric disorders in the occupational health scenario of Railway’s set up.
This study found psychiatric disorders in 54% among Railway’s employees who reported to medical
OPD. Well comparable prevalence i.e. 51.7% was reported by Dutta S. et al (2007)12
in their study
among industrial population.
In this study, psychiatric disorders were significantly (p=0.000S) more observed among employees who
perceived stress at work place as compared to those who did not. This fact was supported by literature
where psychiatric symptoms were known to be the result of increased stress levels at work, 17
dysfunctional interpersonal relationships, increased job pressure, greater responsibility without
authority, feeling of insecurity, 7
career problems and pressure for production.
Higher proportion of psychiatric morbidity among employees of safety category is reasonable, because
there is a high stress involved in furnishing their scheduled duties in comparison to workers of other
non-safety categories. This high stress among employees of safety category, is also supported by the
results of Kumar et al (2011)18
from a cross sectional analytical study that mean of occupational stress
index of railway engine pilots was significantly (t = 9.466, P < 0.01) higher to that of office clerks, and
other similar observations were also made in earlier studies like the jobs of railway drivers fall under
‘high-strain’ category as they have to perform long hours of duty with rigid procedures and little options
for taking breaks (Karasek & Theorel, 1990,19
Kumar et al., 2011).18
High proportion of psychiatric morbidity among shift workers may be understandable on the ground of
nature of their jobs, where they face many adversities i.e. about half (52.02%) of shift workers were
came across with problems related to their shift duties and more than 3/4th
(78.38%) of employees, who
had furnishing shift duties were encountered with stress at their work places as compared to other non-
shift workers (52.56%). Similar observations were also made by Kiran Kumar P.K. et al (2001)20
that
49.2% of the workers reported shift related problems; while, Dutta S. et al (2007)12
concluded that shift
duties were significantly associated (P = 0.000) with more psychiatric morbidity.
Total duration of job (Work experience >20 years) was also observed as a risk factor for occurrence and
distribution of psychiatric morbidity among Railway’s employees, which may be explained by the
additive influences of the above noticed occupational attributes with time factor in the present study
sample.
It must be emphasized that in the sample studied, the multivariate analysis revealed that perceived
problems related to shift duties by workers was an independent determinant of Common psychiatric
Disorders among study individuals. Perceived problems related to shift duties i.e. stress of working in
odd hours, sleep disturbances and irregularity in exercise or eating habits are associated with various
physiological, physical and psychosocial adverse consequences like disruption in the circadian rhythm,
isolation/cut off from friends and families and changes in life style etc.
In the index study, those who had job satisfaction and perceived support at work place, were found to be
at lower risk for psychiatric disorders. A job satisfaction and perceived support at work place may itself
be the form of protective factors and may also stem from various favorable bio-psycho-social and
occupational factors like life style, physical fitness, copping skills, self efficacy, duty hours, family
dynamics and interpersonal relationships in the workplace etc.
8. International Multispecialty Journal of Health (IMJH) [Vol-2, Issue-3, March.- 2016]
Page | 34
V. CONCLUSIONS
Common Psychiatric Disorders especially depression, anxiety and somatoform disorders were found in
medical outpatients. Employees working in rotatory shifts, perceived problems related to shift duties and
stress in the working environment, work experience more than 20 years and non-executive type job as
the occupational risk factors of common psychiatric disorders in current study sample. So it can be
concluded that there is scope for psychiatric intervention for the management of perceived stress at work
place, problems related to shift duties and other occupational challenges. This may have both
therapeutic and preventive values.
CONFLICT
None declared till date.
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