Linux is poised to replace Windows NT as the dominant server operating system of choice. Linux offers a cheaper, more versatile, scalable, and reliable server solution compared to NT. It meets or exceeds all user requirements provided by NT. As a free and open-source multi-vendor platform, Linux is growing in popularity for network services. Linux will likely surpass NT adoption in most server applications as businesses seek more cost-effective options.
The project entitled with “Network Security System” is related to hacking attacks in computer systems over internet. In today’s world many of the computer systems and servers are not secure because of increasing the hacking attacks or hackers with growing information, so information security specialist’s requirement has gone high.
A NETWORK CODING AND DES BASED DYNAMIC ENCRYPTION SCHEME FOR MOVING TARGET DE...Akhil Kumar Pappula
Data Encryption Standard (DES) was the set up plan of the standard symmetric-key encryption designs. By and by it has
been well ordered supplanted by the triple DES or AES so that the encoder has a greater key space.
ARCHITECTURE OF A IDENTITY BASED FIREWALL SYSTEMIJNSA Journal
Classic firewall systems are built to filter traffic based on IP addresses, source and destination ports and protocol types. The modern networks have grown to a level where the possibility for users’ mobility is a must. In such networks, modern firewalls may introduce such complexity where administration can become very frustrating since it needs the intervention of a firewall administrator. The solution for this problem is an identity based firewall system. In this paper we will present a new
design of a firewall system that uses the user’s identity to filter the traffic. In the design phase we will define key points which have to be satisfied as a crucial milestone for the functioning of the whole Identity based firewall system.
Team research paper and project on network vulnerabilities with multiple attacks and defesnses:
Cybersecurity
-For this project, our class was paired with teams to attempt to find vulnerabilities in other teams networks and to successfully beach their network.
-My role in this group was to help breach other team vulnerabilities through different attacks like responder attacks, honeypots, etc.
-The main challenges of this project were trying to find the vulnerabilities successfully, as the whole team had troubles with each of our different attacks and defenses.
-We learned how to use cybersecurity tools to help find vulnerabilities in networks and how to protect against them better. For example, in the honeypot we used we deployed it to port 80, when the attacker tried to access our fake server we were notified. We also deployed palto alto firewall to create our private and secure network. For an attack, we also used password crackers like john the ripper. This project taught us how to breach networks as a team.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
THE METHOD OF DETECTING ONLINE PASSWORD ATTACKS BASED ON HIGH-LEVEL PROTOCOL ...IJCNCJournal
Although there have been many solutions applied, the safety challenges related to the password security mechanism are not reduced. The reason for this is that while the means and tools to support password attacks are becoming more and more abundant, the number of transaction systems through the Internet is increasing, and new services systems appear. For example, IoT also uses password-based authentication.
In this context, consolidating password-based authentication mechanisms is critical, but monitoring measures for timely detection of attacks also play an important role in this battle. The password attack detection solutions being used need to be supplemented and improved to meet the new situation. In this
paper we propose a solution that automatically detects online password attacks in a way that is based solely on the network, using unsupervised learning techniques and protected application orientation. Our solution therefore minimizes dependence on the factors encountered by host-based or supervised learning solutions. The certainty of the solution comes from using the results of in-depth analysis of attack
characteristics to build the detection capacity of the mechanism. The solution was implemented experimentally on the real system and gave positive results.
The project entitled with “Network Security System” is related to hacking attacks in computer systems over internet. In today’s world many of the computer systems and servers are not secure because of increasing the hacking attacks or hackers with growing information, so information security specialist’s requirement has gone high.
A NETWORK CODING AND DES BASED DYNAMIC ENCRYPTION SCHEME FOR MOVING TARGET DE...Akhil Kumar Pappula
Data Encryption Standard (DES) was the set up plan of the standard symmetric-key encryption designs. By and by it has
been well ordered supplanted by the triple DES or AES so that the encoder has a greater key space.
ARCHITECTURE OF A IDENTITY BASED FIREWALL SYSTEMIJNSA Journal
Classic firewall systems are built to filter traffic based on IP addresses, source and destination ports and protocol types. The modern networks have grown to a level where the possibility for users’ mobility is a must. In such networks, modern firewalls may introduce such complexity where administration can become very frustrating since it needs the intervention of a firewall administrator. The solution for this problem is an identity based firewall system. In this paper we will present a new
design of a firewall system that uses the user’s identity to filter the traffic. In the design phase we will define key points which have to be satisfied as a crucial milestone for the functioning of the whole Identity based firewall system.
Team research paper and project on network vulnerabilities with multiple attacks and defesnses:
Cybersecurity
-For this project, our class was paired with teams to attempt to find vulnerabilities in other teams networks and to successfully beach their network.
-My role in this group was to help breach other team vulnerabilities through different attacks like responder attacks, honeypots, etc.
-The main challenges of this project were trying to find the vulnerabilities successfully, as the whole team had troubles with each of our different attacks and defenses.
-We learned how to use cybersecurity tools to help find vulnerabilities in networks and how to protect against them better. For example, in the honeypot we used we deployed it to port 80, when the attacker tried to access our fake server we were notified. We also deployed palto alto firewall to create our private and secure network. For an attack, we also used password crackers like john the ripper. This project taught us how to breach networks as a team.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
THE METHOD OF DETECTING ONLINE PASSWORD ATTACKS BASED ON HIGH-LEVEL PROTOCOL ...IJCNCJournal
Although there have been many solutions applied, the safety challenges related to the password security mechanism are not reduced. The reason for this is that while the means and tools to support password attacks are becoming more and more abundant, the number of transaction systems through the Internet is increasing, and new services systems appear. For example, IoT also uses password-based authentication.
In this context, consolidating password-based authentication mechanisms is critical, but monitoring measures for timely detection of attacks also play an important role in this battle. The password attack detection solutions being used need to be supplemented and improved to meet the new situation. In this
paper we propose a solution that automatically detects online password attacks in a way that is based solely on the network, using unsupervised learning techniques and protected application orientation. Our solution therefore minimizes dependence on the factors encountered by host-based or supervised learning solutions. The certainty of the solution comes from using the results of in-depth analysis of attack
characteristics to build the detection capacity of the mechanism. The solution was implemented experimentally on the real system and gave positive results.
Its is project based on one of the most interesting and wide topic of Computer Science, named Cyber Security
CONTENT :
1. What is Cyber Security
2. Why Cyber Security is Important
3. Brief History
4. Security Timeline
5. Architecture
6. Cyber Attack Methods
7. Technology for Cyber Secuirty
8. Development in Cyber Security
9. Future Trend in Cyber Security
System hacking is the way hackers get access to individual computers on a network. ... This course explains the main methods of system hacking—password cracking, privilege escalation, spyware installation, and keylogging—and the countermeasures IT security professionals can take to fight these attacks.
I will talk about innovation in the area of cyber security analytics - developing machine learning methods to detect and block cyber attacks (e.g. detecting ransomware within 4 seconds of execution and killing the underlying processes). Rather than just focusing on this as a 'black box', I'll pull it apart and talk about how we can use these methods to enable security practitioners (SOC/CIRT etc) to ask and answer questions about 'what' and 'why' these methods are flagging attacks. I'll also talk about resilience of machine learning methods to manipulation and adversarial attacks - how stable these approaches are to diversity and evolution of malware for example.
DEPLOYMENT OF INTRUSION PREVENTION SYSTEM ON MULTI-CORE PROCESSOR BASED SECUR...IJCNCJournal
After tightening up network perimeter for dealing with external threats, organizations have woken up to the
threats from inside Local Area Networks (LAN) over the past several years. It is thus important to design
and implement LAN security strategies in order to secure assets on LAN by filtering traffic and thereby
protecting them from malicious access and insider attacks. Banking Financial Services and Insurance
(BFSI) industry is one such segment that faces increased risks and security challenges. The typical
architecture of this segment includes several thousands of users connecting from various branches over
Wide Area Network (WAN) links crossing national and international boundaries with varying network
speed to access data center resources. The objective of this work is to deploy LAN security solution to
protect the data center located at headquarters from the end user machines. A LAN security solution should
ideally provide Network Access Control (NAC) along with cleaning (securing) the traffic going through it.
Traffic cleaning itself includes various features like firewall, intrusion detection/prevention, traffic anomaly
detection, validation of asset ownership etc. LANenforcer (LE) is a device deployed in front of the data
center such that the traffic from end-user machines necessarily passes through it so that it can enforce
security. The goal of this system is to enhance the security features of a LANenforcer security system with
Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) to enable it to detect and prevent malicious network activities. IPS is
plugged into the packet path based on the configuration in such a way that the entire traffic passes through
the IPS on LE.
Top 10 ways to make hackers excited: All about the shortcuts not worth takingPaula Januszkiewicz
Designing secure architecture can always be more expensive, time consuming, and complicated. But does it make sense to cut corners when hackers invent new attacks every day? Taking shortcuts will sooner or later translate to more harm and backfire. Come to the session and learn what mistakes we eliminated when working with our customers.
Its is project based on one of the most interesting and wide topic of Computer Science, named Cyber Security
CONTENT :
1. What is Cyber Security
2. Why Cyber Security is Important
3. Brief History
4. Security Timeline
5. Architecture
6. Cyber Attack Methods
7. Technology for Cyber Secuirty
8. Development in Cyber Security
9. Future Trend in Cyber Security
System hacking is the way hackers get access to individual computers on a network. ... This course explains the main methods of system hacking—password cracking, privilege escalation, spyware installation, and keylogging—and the countermeasures IT security professionals can take to fight these attacks.
I will talk about innovation in the area of cyber security analytics - developing machine learning methods to detect and block cyber attacks (e.g. detecting ransomware within 4 seconds of execution and killing the underlying processes). Rather than just focusing on this as a 'black box', I'll pull it apart and talk about how we can use these methods to enable security practitioners (SOC/CIRT etc) to ask and answer questions about 'what' and 'why' these methods are flagging attacks. I'll also talk about resilience of machine learning methods to manipulation and adversarial attacks - how stable these approaches are to diversity and evolution of malware for example.
DEPLOYMENT OF INTRUSION PREVENTION SYSTEM ON MULTI-CORE PROCESSOR BASED SECUR...IJCNCJournal
After tightening up network perimeter for dealing with external threats, organizations have woken up to the
threats from inside Local Area Networks (LAN) over the past several years. It is thus important to design
and implement LAN security strategies in order to secure assets on LAN by filtering traffic and thereby
protecting them from malicious access and insider attacks. Banking Financial Services and Insurance
(BFSI) industry is one such segment that faces increased risks and security challenges. The typical
architecture of this segment includes several thousands of users connecting from various branches over
Wide Area Network (WAN) links crossing national and international boundaries with varying network
speed to access data center resources. The objective of this work is to deploy LAN security solution to
protect the data center located at headquarters from the end user machines. A LAN security solution should
ideally provide Network Access Control (NAC) along with cleaning (securing) the traffic going through it.
Traffic cleaning itself includes various features like firewall, intrusion detection/prevention, traffic anomaly
detection, validation of asset ownership etc. LANenforcer (LE) is a device deployed in front of the data
center such that the traffic from end-user machines necessarily passes through it so that it can enforce
security. The goal of this system is to enhance the security features of a LANenforcer security system with
Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) to enable it to detect and prevent malicious network activities. IPS is
plugged into the packet path based on the configuration in such a way that the entire traffic passes through
the IPS on LE.
Top 10 ways to make hackers excited: All about the shortcuts not worth takingPaula Januszkiewicz
Designing secure architecture can always be more expensive, time consuming, and complicated. But does it make sense to cut corners when hackers invent new attacks every day? Taking shortcuts will sooner or later translate to more harm and backfire. Come to the session and learn what mistakes we eliminated when working with our customers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
1. Object Oriented Programming
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (JAVA) IN INTERVIEWS 1)What is OOPs? Ans: Object
oriented programming organizes a program around its data,i.e.,objects and a set of well defined
interfaces to that data.An object–oriented program can be characterized as data controlling access to
code. 2)what is the difference between Procedural and OOPs? Ans: a) In procedural program,
programming logic follows certain procedures and the instructions are executed one after another. In
OOPs program, unit of program is object, which is nothing but combination of data and code. b) In
procedural program,data is exposed to the whole program whereas in OOPs program,it is accessible
with in the object and which in turn assures the security of the code. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Ans: final : final keyword can be used for class, method and variables.A final class cannot be
subclassed and it prevents other programmers from subclassing a secure class to invoke insecure
methods.A final method can' t be overriddenA final variable can't change from its initialized value.
finalize( ) : finalize( ) method is used just before an object is destroyed and can be called just prior
to garbage collecollection finally : finally, a key word used in exception handling, creates a block of
code that will be executed after a try/catch block has completed and before the code following the
try/catch block. The finally block will execute whether or not an exception is thrown. For example,
if a method opens a file upon exit, then you will not want the code that closes the file to be bypassed
by the exception–handling mechanism. This finally keyword is designed to address this contingency.
15)What is UNICODE? Ans: Unicode is used for internal representation of characters and strings
and it uses 16 bits to represent each other. 16)What is Garbage Collection and how to call it
explicitly? Ans: When an object is no longer referred to by any variable, java automatically reclaims
memory used by that object. This is known as garbage collection.System.gc() method may be used
to call it explicitly. 17)What is finalize() method ? Ans: finalize () method is used just before an
object is destroyed and can be called just prior to
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
2.
3. Annotated Bibliography On The Security Of The Age Of...
1. Introduction
Security in the age of internet has become a tremendously important issue to provide comfort not
only for paranoid people but for many others who are naïve to believe that protection in digital era is
essential to communication between millions of people that increasingly used as a tool for
commerce.
There are many aspects to security and applications, from secure commerce and payment to private
communications and protecting passwords. Cryptography, is the practice and study in securing
communication between parties in the presence of potential adversaries (Yousuf, N.D.). This report
focuses on modern methods of cryptography its operation, strengths and weaknesses, its application
techniques in computing and some other aspects where cryptography deemed essential as discussed
in this report.
Moreover, it is important to note that while cryptography is necessary for secure communications,
this report is not by itself sufficient. The reader is advice then, that the topics covered in this paper
only describe the first of the many steps necessary for better security in a number of situations.
Cryptography
The practice and study in securing communication between parties in presence of potential
adversaries. A cryptographic algorithm or cipher is a mathematical function used in a plaintext in the
encryption and decryption process. A cryptographic algorithm works in combination with a key
(number, word, or phrase) to encrypt the plaintext. The same plaintext also
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
4.
5. Nt1330 Unit 3 Assignment
Twenty systems will initially be imaged for Linux and configured to run on the existing network
environment. A testing group will be compiled from departments across the organization to
determine how the operating system meets user needs in various departments. After a ten day testing
period, any problems identified can be resolved as required to support a seamless transition. The
phased migration can then be completed 50 systems at a time, cycling the Linux systems in and the
XP systems out. As the XP systems are collected, Linux will be installed on them to continue with
the phased concept. Diagram B displays how the systems will be tested, configured and distributed.
Additional factors need to be taken into consideration for this project ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Samba specifically supports Linux access to print services for Windows alongside CUPS and file
services as well as authentication through a daemon called Winbind. Winbind, provides
communication for Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) and Name Server Switch (NSS) on
the Linux side with Active Directory on a Domain Controller. It uses Kerberos and Lightweight
Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) to authenticate and retrieve user and group information.
(Kirkpatrick, 2008) Printing capabilities from the Linux systems will be essential and will most
likely be very similar to the requirements with the user tasks in the current XP configuration. Since
the print services are managed by Windows resources, meeting the printing needs of the Linux users
will be accomplished through SMB using Samba. The printers currently active on the network have
been verified to work with Linux systems, so once properly configured, Linux users will have no
problem with their printing needs. The protocol for Samba is already integrated into the Windows
Server environment so configuring the settings on both the Linux and Windows sides is not a
complicated process, although it is an additional requirement that would not be required for a
Windows client workstation. (Shinder, 2012) The information required to configure Linux systems
to print in the existing environment consist of the print server, printer share and appropriate
Windows login password. A script using smbclient shell will support the setup for printer
configuration. File sharing in a structured environment is a useful feature that is common in a
Windows environment and provides ease of access based on permissions established for designated
file shares. Fortunately, this capability is not restricted with the integration of Linux. Samba is a
versatile package that can serve as the solution for many areas to include file
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
6.
7. Security Measures For A System
Review Paper On Security Measures For A System Ankita Dongre1, Trupti Kamthankar2, Suvarna
Baviskar2, Akash Sharma2
1 Asst. Professor, 2Student
1 G. S. Mandal's, Marathwada Institute Of Technology, 2 G. S. Mandal's, Marathwada Institute Of
Technology
Beed Bypaas Road, Aurangabad, Pin no.431028
1ankita.dongre@gmail.com, 2tgkamthankar@gmail.com, 2suvarna22kar30@gmail.com,
2akash.sharma305@gmail.com
Abstract: Security systems are constantly being a thread to ethical hackers; still in today 's scenario
it is very crucial task to manage the security for various system components. This paper gives a deep
insight towards every aspect of system consider system software, system hardware & system
database. Apart from the core security techniques ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Five essential services provided by a secure system are Authentication, Authorization, Integrity,
Privacy and Non–repudiation. So we can use security measures like use a strong password, Protect
confidential information, Make sure our operating system and virus protection are up–to–date, Use
secure and supported applications, Beware of suspicious e–mails, store confidential information
only on HSU servers, backup our data and make sure we can restore it, protect information in all its
forms, learn to be security aware [1]. The security is provided to any kind of system by using three
measures as Software Security, Hardware Security and Database Security which conceptually shown
as follows: Figure 1: System Security Framework
2. SOFTWARE SECURITY
Software security is an idea implemented to protect software against malicious attack and other
hacker risks so that the software continues to function correctly under such potential risks. Security
is necessary to provide integrity, authentication and availability [2].
Basically there are two types of software's: System Software and Application Software. The security
is provided by both kinds. The primary software security is provided by the operating system. So we
performed analysis on various categories of operating systems for security issues and techniques.
2.1 Distributed System
The security
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
8.
9. Annotated Bibliography On Cryptography And Presence Of...
Cryptography
The practice and study in securing communication between parties in presence of potential
adversaries. A cryptographic algorithm or cipher is a mathematical function used in a plaintext in the
encryption and decryption process. A cryptographic algorithm works in combination with a key
(number, word, or phrase) to encrypt the plaintext. The same plaintext also encrypts to different
cipher text with the use of different keys. The core of modern cryptography is the construction and
analyzation of protocols of various aspects in information security such as data integrity and
confidentiality, authentication, and non–repudiation.
Modern practice of cryptography involves cryptographic method.
First cryptographic method is the Symmetric–Key Algorithm also known as Secret key
Cryptography. The symmetry of algorithm comes from both parties involved sharing the same key
for both data encryption and decryption. It works like a physical door where anyone who has the
right locking and unlocking uses a copy of the same key. Symmetric–key Algorithm works by taking
the message and combining it with a shared key that inputs the algorithm then outputs a ciphered
message.
Two ways of symmetric–key algorithm encryption involve block ciphers and stream ciphers.
Stream cipher is a symmetric key cipher where plaintext digits are combined with a pseudorandom
cipher digit stream (keystream). In astream cipher each plaintext digit is encrypted one at a time
with the corresponding
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
12. (FIPS) 7.2.1. Enabling FIPS Mode 7.3. National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual
(NISPOM) 7.4. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) 7.5. Security T echnical
Implementation Guide 8. References
6
Table of Contents
A. Encryption Standards A.1. Synchronous Encryption A.1.1. Advanced Encryption Standard – AES
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
13.
14. Cryptography Report On Technology On The Age Of Internet...
Cryptography Report
Introduction
Security in the age of internet has become a tremendously important issue to provide comfort not
only for paranoid people but for many others who are naïve to believe that protection in digital era is
essential to communication between millions of people that increasingly used as a tool for
commerce.
There are many aspects to security and applications, from secure commerce and payment to private
communications and protecting passwords. Cryptography, is the practice and study in securing
communication between parties in the presence of potential adversaries (Yousuf, N.D.). This report
focuses on modern methods of cryptography its operation, strengths and weaknesses, its application
techniques in computing and some other aspects where cryptography deemed essential as discussed
in this report.
Moreover, it is important to note that while cryptography is necessary for secure communications,
this report is not by itself sufficient. The reader is advice then, that the topics covered in this paper
only describe the first of the many steps necessary for better security in a number of situations.
Cryptography
The practice and study in securing communication between parties in presence of potential
adversaries. A cryptographic algorithm or cipher is a mathematical function used in a plaintext in the
encryption and decryption process. A cryptographic algorithm works in combination with a key
(number, word, or phrase) to encrypt the plaintext. The
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
15.
16. Annotated Bibliography On The Security Of The Age Of...
Introduction
Security in the age of internet has become a tremendously important issue to provide comfort not
only for paranoid people but for many others who are naïve to believe that protection in digital era is
essential to communication between millions of people that increasingly used as a tool for
commerce.
There are many aspects to security and applications, from secure commerce and payment to private
communications and protecting passwords. Cryptography, is the practice and study in securing
communication between parties in the presence of potential adversaries (Yousuf, N.D.). This report
focuses on modern methods of cryptography its operation, strengths and weaknesses, its application
techniques in computing and some other aspects where cryptography deemed essential as discussed
in this report.
Moreover, it is important to note that while cryptography is necessary for secure communications,
this report is not by itself sufficient. The reader is advice then, that the topics covered in this paper
only describe the first of the many steps necessary for better security in a number of situations.
Cryptography
The practice and study in securing communication between parties in presence of potential
adversaries. A cryptographic algorithm or cipher is a mathematical function used in a plaintext in the
encryption and decryption process. A cryptographic algorithm works in combination with a key
(number, word, or phrase) to encrypt the plaintext. The same plaintext also
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
17.
18. Essay about Will Linux replace Windows NT as the server OS...
Linux VS NT /
Will Linux replace Windows NT as the server OS of choice?
"Linux is ready, or at least poised, to take on Windows NT for market dominance of server operating
systems", said T. W. Burger Owner, Thomas Wolfgang Burger Consulting June 2000.
It is the competitive choice for the user wanting a cheap, versatile, scalable, and reliable server
solution. This article examines how Linux is ready to meet or exceed all user requirements that NT
provides and why Linux should be the preferred alternative to NT. Included are the steps,
requirements, options, and costs involved. Linux will soon surpass NT in most if not all network
service applications. It is an open source, multi–vendor, and multi–platform server operating system
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A small business server handles under 50 users and an enterprise server 50 or more. Novell Netware,
Windows NT, and other scalable server solutions will handle various numbers of small business user
loads. At a certain point a business will require an enterprise server product. This OS will be capable
of handling massive user traffic and provide a total solution: a comprehensive set of software tools
that will allow a business to be run using computers. An enterprise OS will be run on a
minicomputer such as the HP9000 or a super–microcomputer with large data processing capacity
like a multi–processor Alpha Chip–based machine. Enterprise computing is a term describing a set
of software tools with a network OS at its core. Enterprise computing provides not only a place to
store and share files but everything required for a business to gather and manipulate information
throughout the business as well as Internet access for customer support and business–to–business
data flow. An enterprise computing product is generally made up of the network OS and components
that provide one or more of the following: file service, print service, Web page hosting, Internet
access/firewall, mail service, backup, and database, and/or SQL database services. A server is, as the
name implies, a provider of computing resources. It is part of a client–server network configuration
that generally
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19.
20. Operating System Security Concerns : Os
Operating System Security Concerns
The OS in general lacks security and portability. The services on an OS are acutely vulnerable to
malicious and random faults, as the OS are huge and are prone to security and reliabilities gaps.
Moreover, the modification of the state of an OS is extremely complex in nature. Additionally,
changes like cloning, encrypting, moving, or restoring are too challenging to accomplish. The OS
provides the capabilities of event logging, however, this ability has a few shortcomings, such as, the
intruder can disable the logging mechanisms before the attack, and secondly, it is often extremely
difficult to find the critical information necessary to discern the attack and steps employed by the
intruder to harm the OS, therefore, the overall recovery process becomes problematic (Chen &
Noble, 2001).
Furthermore, in the contemporary OS, the expectations of multi–tasking, time–sharing, and
resource–sharing are abundant. The fundamental OS contains the security features such as task
control blocks, virtual memory spaces, and inter–process communication. The OS also contains
restrictions on operations and processes based on user identity and ownership level. However, the
OS security lacks various integral considerations, for instance, restrictions based on the
trustworthiness and operations of the utilities, user roles, and the data integrity and sensitivity.
Therefore, the OS can be compromised effortlessly by an attacker by means of a security breach in
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21.
22. Unix, Linux, and Windows Server Critique Essay
UNIX, Linux, and Windows Server Critique
UNIX, Linux, and Windows Server Critique
Administration
Windows Server Advantages There are many administration advantages for Windows Servers. One
aspect is domain operations which are an important resource available on the network through
Window Server. Making Window Server a domain controller adds security and the ability to add
local and group policies to the network (Garza, 2010). If Window Server is not promoted to the
status of a domain controller, then it can run simple network operations using peer–to–peer
structures (Garza, 2010). These are workgroups, and they can only block or allow access but do not
provide control features for the network. The numbers of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
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Disadvantages One of the biggest disadvantages is that it does not have a specific organization
which updates and provides services, or software tweaks in a regular manner as Windows does.
Another disadvantage is that the lack of graphical user inters faces, or the absence of free tools and
software when compared to Windows (Host wisely, 2011).
Performance
Windows Server Advantages Windows server offers anywhere access with great flexibility, which
allows a company to build, deploy, and manage applications and websites on premises, in the cloud,
or in hybrid environments using a consistent set of tools and framework Windows server also offers
frameworks, services, and tools to help increase scalability. (Microsoft, 2012). Disadvantages
Windows servers are notorious for being vulnerable to worms while there have been basically no
worms affecting UNIX in the past ten years. Any server running on windows should really have
anti–virus software on it just like a desktop would. While window servers are unaffected by this they
are just as susceptible to malicious and mischievous hackers as window servers and therefore must
still be patched UNIX Advantages There are many performance advantages for
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