This document discusses the role of nutraceuticals in preventing cancer and diabetes. It defines nutraceuticals and explains that they can act as preventative or therapeutic agents for chronic diseases. Specific nutraceuticals are listed that may help prevent cancer through antioxidant effects or inhibiting cell proliferation. Others like vitamins, minerals, fatty acids and herbs are described as helping prevent diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity. The conclusion states that nutraceuticals can both prevent and help manage diseases like cancer and diabetes when consumed adequately.

1. Nutraceuticals For
Prevention OF
Cancer & Diabetes
Presented By:
Lalhruaitluangi
Krittika Mondal
Sanjana Pal
Sarnali Paul
Sukyana Ghosh
Ishika Maji
Arghya Roy

2. INTRODUCTION
 The term nutraceuticals combine the two words 'nutrient'
which is a nourishing food compound and 'pharmaceutical'
which is a medical drug Nutraceuticals can be used as
preventive or therapeutic agents in a wide range of chronic
diseases including cancer and diabetes.
 Cancer is a group of disease characterized by uncontrolled cell
growth and the ability to invade other tissues.
 Diabetes on the other hand, is a metabolic disorder
characterized by high blood sugar levels due to either the body
inability to produce insulin or the body's inability to use insulin
effectively.

3. Classification OF NUTRACUTECALS
 1.Dietary Supplement
 2.Functional Supplement
 3.Medical Supplement
 4.Pharmaceutical supplement.

4. Nutraceuticals helps in disease prevention
Nutracutecals name Helps in disease prevention
1.Betacaroten Nutralizes free-radical
2. Flavonols Antioxidant, reduce risk of cancer
3. Soluble fibre Reduce CVD , cancer
4. Magnesium Immune health, bone health
5. Calcium Osteoporosis
6. Curcumin Anti cancer , inhibit inflammation
7. MUFA Reduce risk ok CHD
8. Lycopene Reduce the risk of prostate cancer
9. Fructo-oligosaccharide Improve GI health
10. Vitamin E and vitamin D Prevent diabetes

5. ROAL OF NUTRACUTECALS FOR CANCER
PREVENTION:
 1 . Nutraceuticals may act as essential amino acid drug like tryptophan
is needed for protein synthesis at low dose in human. At high dose it
increases 5 hydroxy tryptamine level and thus helps to prevent the
formation of anti carcinogenic agent.
 2. The phyto nutrients prevent cell proliferation and play significant
roll in the prevention of chronic de - generative disease. Example -
Spirulina, Glucosamine, etc. Can prevent cell proliferation.
 3. Vitamin C , vitamin E , Bitacarotene , Lycopene, play role in cancer
prevention. Example - co- enzyme Q 10 , Superoxide dismutase (
enzyme) , selenium, Copper, Zinc act as anti cancer nutraceutical in
cancer management.
 4. Oligosaccharides are tested in animals . Fructo- saccharide, Inulin ,
Galacto-oligosaccharide Showed reducing cancer cell division.

6. • 5.Poly unsaturated fatty acid such as safflowers oil, corn oil,
soybean oil, showed protective effects against cancer.
• 6. Dietary fibre such as oats, dried beans, chicory, legumes,
apple, orange, apricot etc contain (18- 30%) dietary fibre.
Vegetables sources such as cabbage, carrot, tomato contain (9-
12%) fibre, showed antioxidant & cell proliferation inhibitory
properties.
• 7. Wild foods are other major source of nutraceuticals & Phyto
nutrient. Most of the wild plants, wild mushroom, wild fungi, wild
fruits are considering as potential natural therapy, alternatives
for cancer prevention.
• 8. Soy, isoflavones, curcumin, epigallocatechin -3-gallate (EGCG),
Lycopene have imaged effect to get prevention against cancer.

7. ROAL OF NUTRACUTECALS FOR DIABETICS
MELLITUS :
 Nutraceuticals are non-specific biological therapies used to promote
wellness, prevent malignant processes and control symptoms. These can
be grouped into the following three broad categories.
 Nutrients: Substances with established nutritional functions, such as
vitamins, minerals, amino acids and fatty acids.
 Herbals: Herbs or botanical products as concentrates and extracts.
 Dietary supplements: Reagents derived from other sources (e.g.
pyruvate, chondroitin sulphate, steroid hormone precursors) serving
specific functions, such as sports nutrition,weight-loss supplements etc.

8. NUTRIENTS:
 Vitamin C:
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a chain-breaking antioxidant, and
preventing the propagation of chain reactions that would otherwise lead to a
reduction in protein glycation. In animals, vitamin C also reduces diabetes-
induced sorbitol accumulation and lipid peroxides in erythrocytes. Vitamin C (800
mg/day) partially replenishes vitamin C levels in patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus.
 Vitamin E:
“Vitamin E is an essential fat soluble vitamin and functions primarily as
an antioxidant. Low levels of vitamin E have been associated with increased
incidence of diabetes . Every day 400 IU of vitamin E is safe for diabetics patients.
Calcium/vitamin D:
Studies are clearly shows that high calcium intake in women can
reduce 30% diabetes. Vitamin D can prevent diabetes along with calcium by
suppressing the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) . Good calcium and vitamin
D status may help to preserve insulin sensibility and thus help us to prevent diabetes
mellitus.

9. • Carbohydrates:
Carbohydrates are the energetic substrate related to the
greatest impact on glycaemia levels. Simple carbohydrates are not allowed
in diabetes mellitus. complex carbohydrates can be given in the form of
hole grain , cereals, pulses and vegetables.
• Fats:
Numerous studies indicate high-fat diets can impair glucose
tolerance and promote obesity, dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic heart
disease. Maximum 200-250 milligram/ dl cholesterol can be given in
diabetes mellitus, saturated fat should not be given.
• Protein:
Protein requirements to those of the general population-about
0.86 g/kg per day. Although protein plays a role in stimulating insulin
secretion excessive intakes should be avoided as it may contribute to the
pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.

10. DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS
 Alpha - lipoic acid –
It is a naturally occurring antioxidant with potent ROS (Reactive
oxygen species) scavenging activity. Alpha - lipoic acid increases insulin sensitivity
by approximately 18 -20% in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
 Chromium –
It is a trace element that may be deficient in person with diabetes
mellitus. It has been suggested that chromium supplement may increase insulin
sensitivity and improve glucose tolerance in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
 Magnesium –
It is a rich diet helps to decrease the risk of diabetes with an
inverse correlation between magnesium intake and fasting insulin level, suggesting
and improvement in insulin sensitivity.

11. • Coenzyme Q10 –
It is a promising nutritional intervention
for insulin resistance. 60 mg coenzyme Q10 twice a
week can be given to treat a patient with type 2
diabetes.
• L - carnitine (beta- hydroxyl- gamma trimethyl
amino butyrate) –
It is a natural vitamin like compound. It
helps in the biosynthesis of lysine and methionine.
It helps to maintain the insulin sensitivity this
preventing diabetes mellitus.

12. HERBALS
Name of plant Scientific name of plant
Mohul Acacia arabica
Onion Allium capa(L)
Garlic Allium sativum (L)
Aloevera Aloacae burm
Neem Azadirachta indica

13. CONCLUSION
 At the end of this discussion we can
say that, the nutraceuticals helps us in
two ways –in prevention of disease and
also helps in management of disease.
By taking adequate amount of
nutraceuticals we can prevent many
serious health problems (diabetes,
cancer).Nutraceuticals also show
promising result in disease
management.