Foods and nutrients play a very important role in normal functioning of the body. They are helpful in maintaining the health of the individual and in reducing the risk of various diseases. Worldwide acceptance of nutraceuticals formed a relation between "nutrition" and "health" and therefore the concept of "Nutraceuticals" was evolved . In recent years, a new diet health paradigm is evolving which places more emphasis on the positive aspects of diet. The new lifestyle adopted by people today has changed the basic food habits of the latter. Consumption of the junk food has increased manifold leading to a number of diseases caused due to improper nutrition. Obesity is now recognized as a global issue. Heart disease continues to be a primary cause of death in most of the developing countries worldwide, followed by cancer, osteoporosis, arthritis and many others. Consumers being frustrated with the expensive, high-tech, disease-treatment approach in the modern medicines are seeking complementary or alternative beneficial products in the form of nutraceuticals. Nutraceuticals are the emerging class of natural products that makes the line between food and drugs to fade .Nutraceutical is the hybrid of ‘nutrition’ and ‘pharmaceutical’. Nutraceuticals, in broad, are food or part of food playing a significant role in modifying and maintaining normal physiological function that maintains healthy human beings. The principal reasons for the growth of the nutraceutical market worldwide are the current population and the health trends. The food products used as nutraceuticals can be categorized as dietary fibre, prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants and other different types of herbal foods. The nutraceuticals facilitate in combating the key health complications of the century such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes, cholesterol etc. In whole, ‘nutraceutical’ has led to the new era of medicine and health, in which the food industry has become a research oriented sector.

1. Preventive role of
Nutraceuticals
in Diseases
Girisha Maheshwari

2. What are Nutraceuticals ?
• A food (or part of food) that provides health or
medical benefits including prevention and/or
treatment of disease.
El Sohaimy, S.A., 2012. Functional foods and nutraceuticals-modern approach to food science. World Applied
Sciences Journal, 20(5), pp.691-708.

3. Various Nutraceuticals used against different
diseases
Chintale Ashwini, G., Kadam Vaishali, S., Sakhare Ram, S., Birajdar Ganesh, O. and Nalwad Digambar, N., 2013.
Role of nutraceuticals in various diseases: A comprehensive review. Int. J. Res. Pharm. Chem, 3, pp.290-299.

4. Health burden of CVDs worldwide
• Mendis, S., Puska, P., Norrving, B. and World Health Organization, 2011. Global atlas on cardiovascular
disease preventioan and control. Geneva: World Health Organization.
• CVDs are the leading cause
of deaths globally - more
people die from CVDs than
any other disease.
• CVDs occur equally in men
and women
• Twenty-five million people
will die from CVDs
annually by 2030 - most of
the deaths being due to
stroke and heart disease

5. Cardiovascular Diseases
• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of
diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.
• Mendis, S., Puska, P., Norrving, B. and World Health Organization, 2011. Global atlas on cardiovascular disease
prevention and control. Geneva: World Health Organization.
• OHalloran, L. and Slattery, M., 2017. Assessing the knowledge of cardiovascular disease among young people in South
Dublin. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, 1(4), pp.187-194.

6. Types of Cardiovascular Diseases
• Atherosclerosis
• Coronary heart disease (CHD)
• Chest pain (angina pectoris)
• Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
• Congestive heart failure (CHF)
• Congenital and rheumatic heart disease
• Stroke
OHalloran, L. and Slattery, M., 2017. Assessing the knowledge of cardiovascular disease among young people in South
Dublin. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, 1(4), pp.187-194.

7. Diseases About Disease Nutraceuticals Action of Nutraceuticals
Atherosclerosis Disease in which inside of an artery
narrows due to build up of plague
Omega-6-fatty acids,
polyphenols and flavanols
macrophage polarization, foam cell formation
Chest Pain
(Angina Pectoris)
Occurs when the heart muscle
doesn't get as much blood as it
needs.
Coenzyme q10(coq10),
L-carnitine, Fish oil
• Coq10 -lower the heart’s oxygen demands,
• L-carnitine improves heart muscle metabolism
• Fish oil lowers triglyceride levels, increase HDL
cholesterol, help minimize inflammation and
blood clotting, and keep blood vessels healthy
Irregular
Heartbeat
(Arrhythmia)
Also known as cardiac dysrhythmia
is a group of condition in which the
heart beat is irregular, too slow or
too fast.
Magnesium, coq10 and
hawthorn extract
• Magnesium improves the delivery of oxygen to
the heart muscle as well as improving the
production of energy within the heart muscle.
• Coenzyme Q10 (coq10) helps in energy
production within the heart.
• Hawthorn helps in lowering blood pressure and
serum cholesterol levels.
Congestive Heart
Failure
• Blood moves through the heart
at a slower rate and pressure in
the heart increases.
• Heart cannot pump enough
oxygen and nutrients to meet
body`s demand.
Ubiquinol, PQQ, l-carnitine • Ubiquinol provides energy needed for the cells
energy production units called mitochondria.
• PQQ increases the number of mitochondria
within a heart muscle cell.
• l-carnitine ensures proper permeability of the
mitochondrial membrane.
Stroke Medical condition in which poor
blood flow to the brain results in
cell deadth.
Flavonoids , phenolic Beneficial in preclinical models of stroke by
modulating intracellular redox-sensitive pathways.
Ríos-Hoyo, A., Romo-Araiza, A., Meneses-Mayo, M. and Gutiérrez-Salmeán, G., 2017. Prehispanic Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals in the
Treatment of Dyslipidemia Associated to Cardiovascular Disease: a Mini-Review. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 1(1),
pp.1-14.

8. Mechanism of Nutraceuticals in CVD
• Omega-3-fatty acid
• Polyphenols
• Flavonoids
Alissa, E.M. and Ferns, G.A., 2012. Functional foods and nutraceuticals in the primary prevention of cardiovascular
diseases. Journal of nutrition and metabolism, 2012.

9. Alissa, E.M. and Ferns, G.A., 2012. Functional foods and nutraceuticals in the primary prevention of cardiovascular
diseases. Journal of nutrition and metabolism, 2012.

10. Din, J.N., Newby, D.E. and Flapan, A.D., 2004. Omega 3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease—fishing for a natural
treatment. Bmj, 328(7430), pp.30-35.

11. Alissa, E.M. and Ferns, G.A., 2012. Functional foods and nutraceuticals in the primary prevention of cardiovascular
diseases. Journal of nutrition and metabolism, 2012.

12. Rodella, L.F. and Favero, G., 2013. Atherosclerosis and Current Anti-Oxidant Strategies for Atheroprotection. In Current
Trends in Atherogenesis. InTech.

13. Alissa, E.M. and Ferns, G.A., 2012. Functional foods and nutraceuticals in the primary prevention of cardiovascular
diseases. Journal of nutrition and metabolism, 2012.

14. Grassi, D., Desideri, G. and Ferri, C., 2010. Flavonoids: antioxidants against atherosclerosis. Nutrients, 2(8), pp.889-902.

15. Conclusion
• The beneficial effects of functional foods and
Nutraceuticals can be concluded that: Reduced risk of
cardiovascular diseases, reduced risk of cancer, weight:
loss/management, reduced osteoporosis, improved
memory, improved health and reduced risk of many
other diseases.
• Functional Food and Nutraceuticals will be hopeful to
good health in the future; it has been convincingly
demonstrated to be beneficial for their intended
purposes when consumed as part of a generally well
balanced and healthy diet.
El Sohaimy, S.A., 2012. Functional foods and nutraceuticals-modern approach to food science. World Applied Sciences
Journal, 20(5), pp.691-708.

16. References
 Mendis, S., Puska, P., Norrving, B. and World Health Organization, 2011. Global atlas on
cardiovascular disease prevention and control. Geneva: World Health Organization.
 OHalloran, L. and Slattery, M., 2017. Assessing the knowledge of cardiovascular disease among young
people in South Dublin. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, 1(4), pp.187-194.
 Ríos-Hoyo, A., Romo-Araiza, A., Meneses-Mayo, M. and Gutiérrez-Salmeán, G., 2017. Prehispanic
Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals in the Treatment of Dyslipidemia Associated to Cardiovascular
Disease: a Mini-Review. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 1(1), pp.1-14.
 El Sohaimy, S.A., 2012. Functional foods and nutraceuticals-modern approach to food science. World
Applied Sciences Journal, 20(5), pp.691-708.
 Chintale Ashwini, G., Kadam Vaishali, S., Sakhare Ram, S., Birajdar Ganesh, O. and Nalwad Digambar,
N., 2013. Role of nutraceuticals in various diseases: A comprehensive review. Int. J. Res. Pharm.
Chem, 3, pp.290-299.
 Grassi, D., Desideri, G. and Ferri, C., 2010. Flavonoids: antioxidants against
atherosclerosis. Nutrients, 2(8), pp.889-902.
 Alissa, E.M. and Ferns, G.A., 2012. Functional foods and nutraceuticals in the primary prevention of
cardiovascular diseases. Journal of nutrition and metabolism, 2012.
 Rodella, L.F. and Favero, G., 2013. Atherosclerosis and Current Anti-Oxidant Strategies for
Atheroprotection. In Current Trends in Atherogenesis. InTech.
 Din, J.N., Newby, D.E. and Flapan, A.D., 2004. Omega 3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease—
fishing for a natural treatment. Bmj, 328(7430), pp.30-35.