N-Tier Application Architecture

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N-Tier Application
Architecture

Manoj Kumar
Sr. Technical Consultant
manoj.kumar@neudesic.com 11 June, 2012


Bad or no architecture:-


Good architecture:-


Architecture??


Architecture??

Standard definition: Noun
- The art or practice of designing and constructing buildings.
- The style of a building with regard to a specific period, place, or culture.

"Architecture is that great living creative spirit which from
generation to generation, from age to
age, proceeds, persists, creates, according to the nature of
man, and his circumstances as they change. That is really
architecture.“
- Frank Lloyd Wright on Architecture


Software Architecture??
“Software architecture encompasses the set of significant decisions about the organization of a
software system including the selection of the structural elements and their interfaces by which the
system is composed; behavior as specified in collaboration among those elements; composition of
these structural and behavioral elements into larger subsystems; and an architectural style that
guides this organization. Software architecture also involves
functionality, usability, resilience, performance, reuse, comprehensibility, economic and technology
constraints, tradeoffs and aesthetic concerns.”
- Philippe Kruchten, Grady Booch, Kurt Bittner, and Rich Reitman derived and refined a definition of architecture based
on work by Mary Shaw and David Garlan (Shaw and Garlan 1996)

What Software Architecture Is Not?
 Lower-level design (e.g. design of component internals and algorithms) and implementation,
 The information (or data) model,
 Architecture of the physical system, including processors, networks


What if we don’t care about Architecture?


Why is Architecture Important?
 Like any other complex structure, software must be built on a solid foundation

 Failing to consider key scenarios, design for common problems, or the long
term consequences of key decisions can put application at risk

 Modern tools and platforms help to simplify the task of building
applications, but they do not replace the need to design your application
carefully

 The risks exposed by poor architecture includes:
 Unstable application
 Unable to support existing or future business requirements
 Difficult to deploy or manage in a production environment

The Goals of Architecture
Consider the following high level concerns when
thinking about software architecture:
 How will the users be using the application?
 How will the application be deployed into
production and managed?
 What are the quality attribute requirements for the
application, such as security, performance,
concurrency, internationalization, and
configuration?
 How can the application be designed to be flexible
and maintainable over time?
 What are the architectural trends that might impact
your application now or after it has been deployed?


N-Tier Architecture


Single Tier Application Architecture

Pros:
 Simple
 Efficient
 Uncomplicated

Cons:
 Terribly expensive to run


2-Tier Application Architecture


2 – Tier Pros and Cons


3-Tier Application Architecture


N-Tier Logical Model


3-Tier Application Architecture: Scenario


3 – Tier Pros and Cons


Middleware - Simplifies 3-tier application development
Characteristics:
 Simplifies partitioning of
application processing among
clients and servers
 Manages distributed transactions
among multiple databases
 Communicates with heterogeneous
database products within a single
application
 Supports application scalability
 Supports service requests
prioritization, load-balancing, data
dependent routing and queuing


Q&A


Test


Test
1. A benefit of the three-tier architecture is which of the following?
A. New modules can be built to support specific business needs
B. Performance improves for compiled SQL statements
C. Results in a thinner client and database server
D. All of the above.

2. Three-tier architecture includes which of the following?
A. Three server layers
B. A client layer and two server layers
C. Two client layers and one server layer
D. Three client layers


Test
3. The three different application logic components are which of the following?
A. Presentation, Client, and Storage
B. Presentation, Client, and Processing
C. Presentation, Processing, and Storage
D. Presentation, Processing, and Network

4. A database server is responsible for which of the following?
A. Database storage
B. Data processing logic
C. Data presentation logic
D. All of the above.


Test
5. Scalability defines?
A. The connectivity in a client/server system.
B. The size of a database.
C. The capacity of a system to accommodate growing numbers of users.
D. The speed of an information system.

6. As the reliability increases, failure intensity?
A. Decreases
B. Increases
C. No effect
D. These are not related


Test
7. Middleware can be present in:

A. Server.
B. Client.
C. Both.


Answers for Test:

1. D
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. A
7. C


Thank You
Manoj Kumar
manoj.kumar@neudesic.com


N-Tier Application Architecture

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